Formation of Regions with High Energy and Pressure Gradients at the Free Surface of a Liquid Dielectric in a Tangential Electric Field
E. A. Kochurin
Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620016, Russia
Keywords: свободная поверхность, нелинейные волны, электрическое поле, электрогидродинамика, опрокидывание волн, жидкие диэлектрики, free surface, nonlinear waves, electric field, electrohydrodynamics, wave breaking, liquid dielectrics
Abstract
The nonlinear dynamics of the free surface of an ideal incompressible non-conducting fluid with a high dielectric constant subjected to a strong horizontal electric field is simulated using the method of conformal transformations. It is shown that at initial stages of interaction of counter-propagating periodic waves of significant amplitude, there is a direct energy cascade leading to energy transfer to small scales. This results in the formation of regions with a steep wave front at the fluid surface, in which the dynamic pressure and the pressure exerted by the electric field undergo a discontinuity. It has been demonstrated that the formation of regions with high gradients of electric field and fluid velocity is accompanied by breaking of surface waves; the inclination angles of the boundary tend to 90oC, and the surface curvature increases without bound.
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