ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE SOVIET UNION AND GERMANY THROUGHOUT THE 1930S AND EARLY 1940S
I.V. Popov1, S.V. Golodov2
1Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Vernadskogo Ave., 76, Moscow, 119454
2Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyannyi per., 36, Moscow, 115093
Keywords: тоталитаризм, авторитарный режим, национал-социализм, советский экспансионизм, модернизация, индустриализация, милитаризация экономики, totalitarianism, authoritarian regime, National Socialism, Soviet expansionism, modernization, industrialization, militarization of the economy
Abstract
The attempts of some experts, which have become more frequent during the last decade, to present the USSR and the Third Reich as similar totalitarian regimes, as a rule, are based on certain ideological and economic stereotypes. In this article, the authors evaluate the legitimacy of using the definition of «totalitarian regime» applied to the Soviet Union and Germany before the Second World War. Comparative analysis of the economic modernization is given. Recognizing some similar elements in their economic development, the authors review fundamental differences, both in the ideology and purposes of economic reforms. Based on this analysis, the authors come to a number of topical conclusions.
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