Home – Home – Jornals – Humanitarian sciences in Siberia 2016 number

In the late 1920s - early 1930s the state farms played the most important role in modernization of agricultural sector of the Soviet economy. The government relied on organizing the large specialized farms. Since 1928 the construction of grain state farms became a priority as the latter were intended to become a major force in grain production and delivery and to demonstrate the advantages of large socialized production to the peasants. Until 1931 the number of grain farms increased due to the construction of new farms, however they didn’t meet the Soviet government’s expectations. The state made significant investments in material, technical and financial supply of state farms, but their level of production and profitability remained unsatisfactory. Poor organization of labor was one of the sources of the crisis in grain-producing state farms. It was the main reason for failure to implement the plan for grain delivery by the state farms during 1930 - 1932. Moreover, agronomic standards often were violated. Irrational use of agricultural machinery had a negative impact on harvesting. Efficient management of state farms was often hampered by their extremely huge size. The need for restructuring grain-producing state farms became increasingly apparent. Further policy of the state pertaining to sovkhozes was to optimize and increase the effectiveness of the existing farms instead of establishing new ones. Reorganization of state farms led to their downsizing and conversion. It was intended to increase significantly the manageability of farms and positively affect their production results. Since 1935 transfer of state farms’ lands to the collective farms had been widely practiced. In conjunction with the reorganizations the system of public sector management in agriculture underwent permanent changes.