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Siberian Journal of Forest Science

2016 year, number 2

REGULARITIES OF RESTORATION OF PLANT COVER ON THE DUMPS OF THE KUZNETSK BASIN

A. N. Kupriyanov, A. Yu. Manakov
Kuzbas Botanical Garden, Institute of Human Ecology, Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Prospekt Leningradskiy, 10, Kemerovo, 650065 Russian Federation
Keywords: отвалы угольных предприятий, сингенез, зарастание, экологические факторы, Кузбасс, dumps of coal mines, syngenesis, overgrowing, ecological factors, Kuznetsk Basin

Abstract

The article considers the issues of the restoration vegetation on the dumps of the coal enterprises of the Kuznetsk Basin. Studies have shown that the dumps have a wide range of environmental conditions and are potentially suitable for establishment of plants. To negative environmental factors at the mine dumps include the lack of productive moisture, failed penetration, contrasting temperature regime on the different elements of the relief, and low potential fertility of the embryonic soils. Positive - high humidity in the depressions, the high content of fine-grained deposits in the lower part of the elephant dumps, excessive accumulation of snow in the winter on separate dumping sites. On disturbed lands identified eight technogenic ecotopes, characterized by various microrelief, moisture level, amount of fine fractions of technogenic eluvium determining favorable, moderately favorable and unfavorable conditions for vegetation of disturbed land. Selected three stages of syngenesis: pioneer stage, simple plant communities and complex plant communities. The stage of zonal phytocenosis on the dumps was not detected. The basis of diagnostic signs consists of the projective cover, the nature of the host plants, the number of species part of the zonal species. The selected criteria are universal and can be applicable to most dumps. Speed of syngenetic succession does not depend on calendar age of the dumps, and environmental conditions, which are formed on separate sites.