Home – Home – Jornals – Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics 2019 number 6

We discuss the results of measurements in the region of Cape Baranov (the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago) of the set of physical-chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol: aerosol optical depth, aerosol and black carbon concentrations, elemental and ion composition of aerosol, organic and elemental carbon contents in aerosol, and isotopic composition of carbon in the aerosol and snow samples. It is shown that the average values of the most aerosol characteristics, measured in April-June 2018, are much lower than in the Arctic settlement Barentsburg (Spitsbergen archipelago) and several-fold smaller than in the south of Western Siberia in the same period of time.

The new data on the surface atmospheric black carbon (BC) concentration derived from continuous daily sampling during October 2017 - March 2018, that is, cold half year without wildfires as BC sources, in the remote area of Pechora-Ilych Nature Biosphere Reserve are analyzed. Average BC concentrations (with standard deviations) are equal to (296 ± 172) and (175 ± 82) ng/m³ for settlement Yaksha and in its neighborhood, respectively. Monthly average BC concentrations measured are compared with related monthly average satellite data (https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/). A good agreement between them may be regarded as their inter-calibration and confirms the reliability of both result types. The analysis of air mass trajectories at the observation point shows the main anthropogenic BC sources to be situated at a distances of less than 500 km in industrial areas of the Central Urals, gas and oil production areas of Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District, towns and settlements of Perm region, Udmurtia, and Komi Republic.

The theoretical approach for calculations of fractal-like particles characteristics on the basis of gas-kinetic results for homogeneous spheres is presented. It consists in replacement of a real fractal aggregate by an equivalent sphere with the mobility radius and approximations of the density and heat conductivity of the aggregate by their effective values. The validity of the method has been confirmed in the comparison with the known experimental data. The theory suggested has two important restrictions: fractal aggregate should consist from a great number of primary particles (100 and more) and primary particles should be monodisperse. Violation of these conditions leads to considerable divergence between theoretical and experimental results.

Trends in aerosol optical thickness (AOT) in Moscow are determined based on long-term (2002-2016) AERONET network observations. The trend in AOT at a wavelength of 550 nm (AOT₅₅₀) is characterized by the negative sign in warm season. It is shown that trends in AOT are negative and have different values in different months. The largest negative trend is in April, if the impact of forest fires in other months of the warm season is neglected. The joint analysis of changes in AOT₅₅₀ and indices of atmospheric circulation is performed. It is shown that the Scandinavian index has an additional effect on the interannual changes in AOT₅₅₀ in April. It is ascertained that fine weakly-absorbing aerosol is the most representative for Moscow. No pronounced changes in the frequency of aerosol types have been identified in recent decades.

The adsorption layer of aerosol microparticles from cassiterite mainly containing tin dioxide is studied under ambient conditions, as well as the kinetics of dark and photoinduced processes. The quantum yield of carbon dioxide photodesorption is estimated and its spectral dependence is derived. Carbon dioxide photodesorption is observed in the intrinsic absorption region of tin dioxide; it is one of the stages of carbon monoxide photocatalytic reaction.

The results of BC concentration measurements in Moscow in 2003-2013 and in Beijing in 2004-2010 are presented. Measurement ranges of single BC concentrations in 2004-2010 are 0.1-77 mg/m³ in Beijing and 0.1-22 mg/m³ in Moscow. The seven-year average daytime BC concentration in Beijing is 2.5 times higher than in Moscow. The seasonal variability of the BC concentration is more pronounced in Moscow (in summer it is 33% lower than in winter) than in Beijing (in summer it is only 13% lower). A significant increase in the BC concentration in the air of Beijing occurs when air masses are transferred from industrialized regions south of Beijing. The air pollution with BC mainly decreases in Moscow due to advection under arrival of air masses from northern regions.

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) spatial distribution for wavelength 550 nm over Northern China Plain (NCP) and adjacent areas for the smog in summer 2007 has derived on satellite monitoring (MODIS/Terra) data. Increased AOD areas determinated by anthropogenic air pollution regional sources in the neighbor of Beijing and Shanghai are revealed. Substantial increasing AOD on the south-west NCP was produced by the smoke haze which arose of an agricultural biomass burning. Optical and microphysical characteristic similarity of the aerosol in smoke haze over NCP and in smoke haze in Russia is revealed: (1) dominant contribution in the optical characteristics of the smoke aerosol gives a fine mode; (2) extinction spectra at wavelength 340-1020 nm are approximated (in logarithmic coordinates) by parabola or polynomial functions with four power. According to the monitoring data at AERONET station Beijing single scattering albedo in the summer smog over NCP (0.91) in average is less than in the smoke haze over Russia (0.95-0.96). It is shown that radiative regimes of the atmosphere are distinct substantially in the summer smog over NCP and in the smoke haze over Russia: aerosol radiative forcing efficiency on the top of the atmosphere in the smog is less approximately by 30 percent and on the bottom of the atmosphere is more by 30 percent that in the smoke haze.

The numerical analysis of the data of the aircraft sounding plume of impurity carry-over in the summer atmosphere of the Norilsk industrial region has been carried out. A two-parameter model was constructed for numerical retrieval of impurity concentrations in directions transverse to the plume and, based on it, estimates of the lower limits of sulfur dioxide emission corresponding to different emission time. Considerable variability of emission estimates was established due to the nonstationarity of sulfur dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The average emission of SO₂ into the atmosphere was estimated as 1.86 million tons/year, which is close to the official statistics.

Diffusion of hollow nanoparticles in low-density and rarefied gases and the viscosity of aerosols with such particles are studied with the previously developed kinetic theory and molecular dynamics method. Interaction between molecules of a carrier medium is simulated with Lennard-Jones potential, between these molecules and the nanoparticle, with RK potential, and between the nanoparticles, with RKI potential. Nitrogen-based aerosols with hollow and solid aluminum and uranium nanoparticles are considered at a temperature of 300 K and atmospheric pressure. Diameter of the nanoparticles is varied from 5 to 100 nm; the thickness of walls of hollow nanoparticles is 1 nm. It is shown that the diffusion coefficients of hollow nanoparticles always exceed those of solid particles of the same size and the same material, but this difference does not exceed 1%. The viscosity coefficient of aerosol with hollow nanoparticles is always lower than of aerosol with solid particles. The diffusion of hollow and solid aluminum nanoparticles with diameters of 2 and 4 nm in argon of the density ρ = 0.707 at a temperature of 300 K is also molecular dynamics (MD) simulated. It is shown that diffusion coefficients of hollow and solid nanoparticles of the same diameter and the same material in rarefied gases and liquids are the equal.

Results of the study of pollen particles in the atmosphere are presented. A fraction of clusters, which consist of two and more pollen grains, of the total number of pollen particles entering the atmosphere is estimated. It is shown that although the anemophilous plants exhibit morphological peculiarities that prevent cluster formation, many similar clusters were formed in all experiments. The fraction of pollen grains could exceed 50% of the total number of pollen grains entering the atmosphere.

The measurements of methane fluxes (CH₄) obtained by the automatic chamber method in the characteristic plant associations on the Plotnikovo section of the Bakchar bog (the Great Vasyugan Mires) in June 2018 are presented. Air sampling was carried out in wet phytocenoses on the hollow-ridge landscape. The period under consideration was characterized by anomalous weather conditions compared with the same periods of previous years: extreme precipitations and high air temperatures. On the basis of the research, the daily dynamics of CH₄ emission was revealed. The correlation analysis made it possible to describe the dependences of CH₄ fluxes on the hydrometeorological conditions of the surface and upper layers of the bog soil. The high flood of bog waters inhibits the methanogenesis during the period of observation.

The article describes the current environmental legislation in Russia, the effectiveness of which is generally evaluated as low. The author of the article sees the main reason for such a situation in the absence of a federal specialized executive body in the environmental sphere, which would be directly interested in the development of environmental law. It is emphasized that the current increase in the number of environmental laws, as a rule, does not entail an improvement in environmental affairs. This is largely due to the insufficient elaboration of the mechanism for the implementation of various legal norms reflecting issues of compliance, use, application and punishment for violations in the environmental sphere, as well as due to the lack of effective levers that would encourage enterprises to introduce environmental protection measures. This, in particular, convincingly confirms the current situation in the field of forestry and water management, by the example of which the main problematic aspects of the application of forest and water legislation are analyzed. It is shown that the adoption of editions of the Water (2006) and Forest (2007) codes not only did not improve the situation in the field of water and forest management, but also greatly aggravated the existing and gave rise to new problems. The consequences of serious gaps in forest and water law are disclosed and measures are proposed for the development of environmental legislation in force in Russia.

Institutional changes within the public procurement system in the Russian Federation are based on establishing economic conditions that reduce informational asymmetry and transaction costs of exchanges. The paper presents a quantitative analysis of the basic regulatory documents that have determined the conducts rules for government customers and suppliers in public and municipal procurement in 2001-2018 with the emphasis on electronization of procurement technologies. A frequency histogram of common lexical codes in the sequence of basic regulatory documents is compiled. The author arrives to conclusions about the attitude of legislators to securing the quality of procured products, the anticorruption aspect of the law and electronization of this sector of the economy. Qualitative characteristics of significant correlation ratios between lexical codes help evaluate the informational basis embedded in the regulatory documentation.

Besides direct financial benefits, innovation activity offers wide spectrum of opportunities for solution of given societal problems, including those linked to anthropogenic influence on the environment. It is argued conceptually that a regional innovation system is able to act as instrument of efficient nature-use management in conditions of heavy metal pollution via formation of infrastructure for achievement of complex project solutions. Consideration of the example of mercury pollution in lower Don River in the Rostov Region shows that the initial phase of formation of the regional innovation systems and unsustainability of its development limit the utility of such an instrument, especially in regard to the multiple and heterogeneous sources of pollution.

This article explores the high-tech industries of manufacturing and services in Russia. We identify their sources of growth during the crisis period and features of territorial distribution. Sources of growth are different for different industries. The generation of new enterprises had the greatest impact on the growth of revenues of service industries related to the development of software and information technologies. The leading source of growth in manufacturing industries was the development of existing enterprises, which showed revenue growth significantly higher than the rate of inflation. We also found significant differences in the geographical location of high-tech industries in Russia.

The aim of this article is systematization of the constraints impeding the intensification of the use of PPP as a mechanism of socio-economic development of Russian regions. Issues of interpretation and definition of PPP, questions of methodical and personnel support of the process of investment projects promotion to implementation on the principles of PPP, a number of organizational and legal aspects were raised. It is proposed to use a game approach to operationalize the process of potential participants of PPP agreements strategies coordination.

This paper performs factor analysis of socially significant diseases in the regions of Russia in 2017. According to the first selected factor, the regions were divided into two groups, which are characterized by a high incidence: diseases with infectious etiology (I), diseases with genetic etiology (II). The second factor is the overall incidence rate, which allows to divide subjects into groups with a low overall incidence rate on average and high. When classifying Russian regions by two factors, 4 groups were identified.

The article proves the necessity and considers the approaches to the assessment of stratification of the population of Novosibirsk region by money income level. The population structuring is assessed by one characteristic - income level, which defines inequality of the groups in vertical hierarchy. The paper considers two approaches to carrying out grouping into typical groups: an absolute approach (grouping against living wage) and recognition of typical groups with the use of variation indicators. The structuring was carried out and the system of statistical indicators for assessment of the population differentiation was offered and tested.

The article proposes a model for assessing the food provision of regions. As a methodological toolkit for analysis, an integral indicator has been developed, a food provision index that takes into account groups of indicators in the sphere of production, distribution and consumption of food products. In order to analyze the differentiation of regions in food provision, a food provision matrix is used, which allows ranking regions by level of food products availability. Approbation of the proposed methodological tools is being carried out on the example of the regions of the Southern Federal District (SFD). The results obtained are of practical importance in the implementation of monitoring and evaluation of the state of food provision in the regions.

The purpose of this study is to develop a model of internal migration based on push and pull factors in Russia and, based on the analysis, to draw conclusions about the main problems of interregional mobility and create the necessary regulation. The proposed measures aimed at regulating migration flows and ensuring rational distribution of the population will contribute to the effective functioning of the economy, smooth out regional contradictions, and eliminate internal socio-economic tensions.

Improving the effectiveness of internal control in educational institutions in the use of grants is one of the main objectives of State fiscal policy. Regarding post-secondary institutions a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical problems of organization of the system of internal control is presented is insufficient given modern characteristics of their activities, there is the need for improving internal control methodology of institutions of secondary vocational education. The article deals with the internal control system of one of the educational institutions in the Novosibirsk region, preparing personnel for the agricultural sector. Studied theoretical framework of internal control, monitoring features identified from a position of financing activities through subsidies, clarified some issues on the functioning of the internal controls, reviewed proposals for the development of the existing system of internal control.

The article presents the main components of the methodology and outsourcing model, which the adapted to the peculiarities of outsourcing accounting. There are the author’s method of analysis of the accounting department and the possibility of transition to outsourcing. The results of the researches were approbated using business process modeling. It allowed to make changes in accounting processes of the company, to form the adjusted reporting and to estimate result of transition to outsourcing without affecting and changing the real process of work of the company.

The article reveals the most important areas of modernization of tax administration, discusses the role of modern information technologies, allowing to automate the entire process of tax administration. Taxes, as the main source of budget replenishment, are the most important factor in the formation of the financial base necessary to fulfill the tasks of the state. In this regard, the effectiveness of the modernization of the economy is directly related to science-based tax management.

The article considers some methodological issues of researching the potential of the regional consumer market, analyzes the indicators characterizing the availability and use of labor potential, infrastructure elements, commodity stocks in Novosibirsk region. Index multiplicative models of the studied indicators allowed us to obtain a quantitative assessment of the influence of factors on the consumer market potential. The development of retail trade turnover is regarded as a social and economic effect of the consumer market functioning. The author came to the conclusion that there is a lack of effective use of the regional consumer market potential and there are problems in the retail regulation system.

A distinctive feature of the practice of market-oriented management (marketing management) and management of the sustainable development of modern enterprises is a significant lag behind basic scientific research. The level of harmony of interests between the subject of marketing management (the top management of P.J.S.C. «TAGMET») and its key stakeholders has been established. An integrated assessment of the sustainable development of a metallurgical enterprise was carried out on the basis of an improved methodology. The high closeness of the relationship between the level of harmony of interests of the subject of marketing management and its stakeholders, on the one hand, and the actual level of sustainability of P.J.S.C. «TAGMET», on the other, is established.

The article considers the main issues of sustainable development of the economy of Altai Territory. Economic situation and dynamics of development of the economy predetermine sustainable development of the region. Agricultural and industrial sectors of economy continue to be relevant, that is why growth rates and their role in economy of the region were presented. The main directions for ensuring sustainable development of economy of the region were offered on the basis of statistical analysis. Produced results of the scientific research will facilitate long-term sustainable development of economy of the region.

This paper examines the impact of internal and international migration on the economy of Nigeria. In Nigeria the unemployment rate is very high, and migration can partially alleviate situation on the labor market. Migrants’ remittances which has surpassed both Foreign Direct Investment and Net Official Development Assistance inflows and is one of the major inflows of foreign earnings to Nigeria, help reducing poverty of households and have a positive impact on the economy. If political and socioeconomic issues in the country do not improve, Nigerians will continue to migrate to other countries. The Nigerian government should urgently address the situation with migration, contribute to job creation and improve environment to stop people from migrating and encourage its skilled labor abroad to return home to help in national development.

The paper presents the results of experimental studies in the field of automated information system creation. These results show possible problem solutions of automation of educational documentation development and support. Software realization options of automated information system are considered as adjusting the existing specialized software designed for processing text documents. Besides, in practice the approach to the automated process of compiling an interrelated documents set on the basis of a single reference database using AuthorIT.

The article considers topical theoretical issues of the methodological justification for transition to a new level of the technological mode with the use of digitization tools via robot automation of production processes. The statistical data dynamics was presented to prove the importance and perspective of resource development in Russia as well as the possibility of energy export to other countries. The use of robots in the technological process of open-pit coal mining is proved by mathematical method of the fuzzy sets theory and indicators of the transformation structural changes.

The article studies the development of self-employment in personal subsidiary economy in Novosibirsk region. The development of self-employment is related to solution of the problems of rural population employment and unemployment reduction. Self-employment offers rural people an opportunity to find worthy occupation to realize their knowledge and skills, it also facilitates their adaptation in difficult situation in life and material security, while helping the state to stand against unemployment. The research is based on the results of the surveys of unemployed and self-employed people in personal subsidiary economy. Survey and questioning formed the method of the research. The goal of the article is carrying out comparative analysis of the opinions of unemployed and selfemployed people in personal subsidiary economy regarding various aspects, identification of problems and positive results of the transition to self-employment, as well as necessary help and support on the part of the state authorities. The plans of unemployed people regarding motives, spheres of activities, forms of organization, help and support were compared against the opinion of self-employed people in personal subsidiary economy. The conclusion was drawn that self-employment in personal subsidiary economy is an essential outlook of active policy of rural population employment and it is of high social importance. Further development of this outlook of active policy of rural population employment is needed since it facilitates increment in activity, self-esteem raising, improvement of living conditions of unemployed people, and in general it contributes to their return to society and social unrest reduction.

The article considers the issues of the conceptual framework related to the «adaptation » concept and its derived concepts («social adaptation» and «sociocultural adaptation»). The attempt was made to explain the reasons of occurrence of polysemantics ofeach term in retrospect. The article underlines the need for clear distinction between both terms from one another and from other terms which are used mostly in ethno-sociological studies. A certain set of conditions is registered to form valid conceptual framework, representing hierarchic interrelations between the concepts. The idea of «concept matrix» is offered.

The article presents a statistical analysis of economic indicators at the regional and national level, and their relationship is identified and justified. The role and degree of participation of the transport and logistics component in the process of production and sales of products has been determined. The structure of warehouse costs is studied, the interrelation of transport, material and information flows is revealed. An algorithm for the implementation and use of the WMS system (Warehouse Management System) has been developed. A correction scheme has been compiled and calculations are presented that allow to evaluate the complex results from the use of the WMS functional in optimizing the motivation and payroll system for the warehouse terminal employees.

Introduction. The article substantiates the importance of cardinal reform of the entire education system, due to the informatization, digitalization of modern society, under the influence of which the development of all spheres of society’s activities takes place. And education, which is the basis of these processes, should be in the wake of all the latest changes, technological advances. Methodology and methods of the research are based on the use of various general philosophical methods, principles - observation, comparison, analysis, synthesis, deduction, etc. The main methodological approach is the sociocultural approach, the essence of which is to consider education as the main sphere of human social activity, the basis of digitalization of society. The results of the research. The study revealed the main trends in the development of the modern educational process related to the further informatization, digitization of all elements of the socio-economic, spiritual and cultural infrastructure of the society. Showing the features of the latest advances in technical, digital progress - high-tech industry, nanotechnology, etc., which are based on education. Therefore, increased requirements are imposed on education, which provides for the modernization of the entire educational system, including the reorganization of education management. Conclusion. The authors conclude that education is the leading social institution that forms the basis of the socio-spiritual, political and economic development of society, especially in the era of globalization and digitalization. Education must meet the requirements of the time. For this, it is necessary to modernize not only the educational system, but also other elements of the social infrastructure. And the development of social modernization will depend on the development of society as a whole, its ability to change qualitatively, its ability to withstand the test of time, the historical stage of its existence.

Introduction. This essay presents foundations of the John Dewey’s progressive school and raises suspicion on the consolidated critics stablished in Brazil by Dermeval Saviani concerning John Dewey education`s conception. As a hypothesis, it proposes that if the progressive school is non-critical, like intended by the historical-critical theory says by Dermeval Saviani perhaps his theory is also non-critical, by some other reason, because it stimulates a critique without looking into John Dewey’s work. Methodology and methods of the research. From the literature review it was not finding any research concerning John Dewey, Dermeval Saviani or any discussion highlighting Brazil case. It demonstrates that it is necessary to read the work by John Dewey, besides circumscribing it and referencing it so that a minimally rigorous critique can be attained. The results of the research. The current work supports the argument that the five steps of the historical-critical theory stem from the five points of the progressive school, highlighting the existence of a tacit acknowledgement from the former with respect to the latter. Conclusion. The criticism of the progressive school, made by Saviani, without any indication of the John Dewey’s text looks fragile. It is not only a methodological weakness, but also of merit, and the main issue with this kind of fragility, considering the importance of the author, is the influence caused over other authors, as demonstrated in the case of Silveira.

Introduction. In modern Russian universities, following the example of foreign universities, individual educational learning trajectories are introduced in one form or another to improve the training of graduates. How can this innovation contribute to the solution of such an urgent problem as the formation of high moral and ethical qualities and professional ethics of future specialists, and the education of their respective value orientations? As practice shows, non-compliance with the norms of professional ethics and a low degree of social responsibility is a fairly common problem in the work of young professionals. In this regard, the question arises of the influence of the educational environment on the education of the moral qualities of future specialists. In modern universities, compared with the Soviet period, the spiritual atmosphere itself has changed significantly: a utilitarian, commercial approach to education prevails; bureaucratization and formalization is increasing; value orientations of students in the direction of consumer and hedonistic attitude to life are changing. How, under these conditions, can individualization of education improve the situation with the upbringing of the moral and ethical qualities of future specialists, develop their respective value orientations? The present paper aims to explore this range of issues. Methodology and methods of the research. The leading method for studying this problem is the analysis and synthesis of philosophical-pedagogical approaches to the introduction of individual learning paths and the questions arising in connection with this the preparation of value-oriented specialists in Russian universities. The results of the research. The main problem points associated with the preparation of value-oriented specialists in the implementation of individual educational trajectories are identified: poor development of the ability of students to self-education; organizational complexity; shortcomings in the organization of educational and pedagogical work with students; the negative impact of the social macro environment on the spiritual and moral atmosphere of universities. Conclusion. To improve the situation, we need: integrated work to improve the spiritual and moral atmosphere in Russian universities; revision of ideological and value priorities in the teaching of humanities; wider application of a differentiated approach to learning.

Introduction. The analysis of existing educational programs and professional characteristics of bachelors, as well as taking into account the requirements for workers in production, allows us to conclude that there are a number of contradictions: between the motives for vocational training and the lack of desire for further self-education; between the quality of vocational training and the requirements for a graduate in production; between the multicomponent structure of professional competence and the insufficiently developed pedagogical technology for the formation of professional competence. The article discusses the pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional competence of university students in practical classes on artistic stone processing. The relevance of the presented research consists in the consideration and presentation of the pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional competence in practical classes on artistic stone processing. Methodology and methods of the research. Analysis of research in the field of professional competence formation showed all the versatility and ambiguity of this concept, many scientists studied the essential characteristics of the concept professional competence, its content, structure, etc. The methodological basis of the study is a competence-based approach, which considers professional competence as a significant characteristic of a university graduate; activity approach focuses on the formation of professional competence in the activities; personality-oriented approach, considers the student as a subject of educational activity. The theoretical foundations of the study are the works: clarifying the essence of the concept of «professional competence»; considering the essence of creative activity; studying the essence of the pedagogical process as a subject-subject interaction, as the integrity of the social and professional development of the student’s personality. The method of analyzing the results of the process of forming the professional competence of students included test tasks, survey, observation, and expert evaluation of the results of creative activity. The results of the research. The study was based on the following hypothesis: the formation of the professional competence of university students will be productive if the pedagogical conditions are justified, developed and implemented in unity: the activation of the motivational and value attitude to professional activity through the expansion of the content of practical tasks; involvement of students in professional and creative activities; reflection of creative activity of students. Conclusion. The process of studying the level of formation of professional competence among bachelors takes place in the evaluation of motivational and value, cognitive, activity and reflexive and evaluative components. At the same time, professional development of a person takes place with the formation of professional competences, which are an organic part of professional competence, which presupposes the readiness of the individual to perform professional activities in its various forms.

Introduction. The paper discusses the way of forming a model of a «healthy lifestyle», its testing in physical education classes for senior high school students, for whom it is important to have an idea not only about a rational lifestyle, but also an activity-based overcoming the psychophysiological problems of one’s own inertia. Methodology and methods of the research. During the analysis of scientific literature and discussion of the experience of teachers of the Chair of Physical Education of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, there were formulated the most accurate definitions of the following concepts: «health» as a process of maintaining one’s homeostasis in terms of adaptation to various environmental factors, physical, mental and intellectual loads; «healthy lifestyle» as a rational way of life, aimed at maintaining and strengthening health. Interpretation of research and experiment results is given. The study was based on the methodology of dialectic materialism and pragmatism in education, general scientific methods of comparison (analysis and synthesis) were also used; as a part of the theoretical course, a pedagogical experiment was conducted. The results of the research. Analysis of domestic literature on health promotion issues has been carried out and the definitions of the concepts «health» and «healthy lifestyle» have been developed in accordance with the goal setting. Based on the understanding that the health of modern senior high school students is getting worse (this fact is confirmed by the data of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), the author critically assesses the existing educational programs in physical culture and considers it necessary to build a student’s knowledge about the model of rational life activity aimed at preserving and promoting health. During the study, every third physical education lesson, which was adapted in the form of a theoretical educational unit, became a platform for the formation of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle model. Conclusion. Based on the developed theoretical and methodological blocks of work with senior high school students and the results of the experimental platform to form the basis of a healthy lifestyle, the author came to the conclusion that the effectiveness of organizing and conducting various forms of physical culture depends largely on the quality of the educational and physical base, the high professionalism of teachers and the degree of readiness of students to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Introduction. The aim of the research was to study the specifics of the phenomenon of youth culture, which is determined by modern culture as a form of being. The youth as a large socio-demographic group is characterized by its own specific culture, which is a complex socio-cultural phenomenon. Mass culture, consumer culture and the culture of everyday life are inextricably intertwined in the youth culture, the material foundations of which are the technical and technological achievements of the third, fourth and fifth technological ways. The theoretical part of this research relies on the conceptions of Jean Baudrillard of the affluent society and on the works of Russian researchers who study the everyday culture and the culture of consumption (A. N. Ilyin, A. V. Kostina, M. V. Lukov, B. V. Markov, A. Ya. Flier). Based on the understanding of culture as a form of being, the authors have used the conception of technological waves developed by Russian (Soviet) scholars (N. D. Kondratiev, D. S. Lvov, S. Yu. Glazyev). Methodology and methods of the research. The research methods included an informational and historical-genetic approaches that also involved the methods of theoretical (analysis, synthesis, induction) and empirical research. The empirical method involved polling as a method of collecting primary verbal information. While applying the polling methods, the authors relied on the hypothesis that modern youth mass culture is directly dependent on the existing material patterns: modern gadgets, computers, youth culture are specific signs of the mass youth culture. The results of the research. Questionnaire survey was conducted among the students of the Far Eastern Federal University and Internet users. The authors have come to the following conclusions: 1. Young people are actively going away from the mosaic morphology of subcultures though the phenomenon of youth culture remains structurally complex. 2. The vector of modern youth culture transformation is directed towards its active massification. 3. Mass youth culture is acquiring the feature of ambivalence. Conclusion. Modern youth culture is currently able of funding the adult mass culture based on the achievements of the fourth and fifth technological waves.

Introduction. The internationalization of education that is gaining momentum actualizes the issues of finding effective mechanisms for intercultural interaction between the subjects of the upbringing environment. The paper is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of «intercultural interaction» in modern socio-pedagogical literature. The objectives of the paper are to concretize the concept of «intercultural interaction», justification of the need to set a problem regarding the organization of upbringing of foreign students in the context of intercultural interaction. Methodology and methods of the research. The research methodology consists of cultural, historical, and anthropological concepts, which make it possible to trace the interpretation of the phenomenon of «intercultural interaction» against the background of the development of pedagogical practice. The results of the research. The main characteristics of the concept of «interaction» in pedagogy are identified, key approaches to the organization of effective interaction in the upbringing space are outlined, and the pedagogical conditions for effective interaction are defined. Conclusion. The basic principles are presented of realization of the upbringing tasks for the formation of the experience of intercultural interaction in relation to foreign students.

Introduction. The problem of improving quality of dissertations and training of professional scientists remains vital. Analysis of the available scientific and methodological works on conducting dissertation research showed a contradiction between the need in considerable improvement of dissertation research quality and poor understanding of essence of dissertation research being a specific scientific and qualifying product. The present dissertation research theory needs to be advanced. The subject of research in this paper is the idea of the notion of ‘dissertation’. Methodology and methods of the research. In preparing this paper, the systemic and dialectical approaches, analysis and synthesis of scientific works and guidelines on preparation of dissertations, the structure of the dissertation material, and the procedure for documenting the obtained results were used. The idea of the notion of dissertation evolved due to summarizing its existing definitions and subsequent application of A. Schopenhauer’s method. The development of the dissertation structure was based on the methods of the structural and functional, systems and logical analyses. The results of the research. In the process of research, the idea of the dissertation was revealed and presented as a schematic diagram, i.e as the logic of identifying, framing and translating a new concept into scientific knowledge to improve reality. Three-stage manifestation of the logic of the idea is described. It is shown that the idea of the dissertation is structured according to a special linear-matrix type. The first block of its elements and relations performs the goal-setting function, the second block, the function of achieving goals. The structure provides for the construction of a scientific system to address a topical issue. The research shows connection between the structural elements of the dissertation and the professional skills of scientists being developed. Conclusion. The revealed idea and structure of the dissertation explain its special scientific value (novelty, validity, reliability, consistency), great social significance (solving a scientific problem, training a scientist), and the centuries-old vitality of this intellectual product. Compliance with the developed structure provides for the systemic nature of the dissertation research. Mastering the dissertation research methodology, passing through all its stages personally, creation and defense of the dissertation lead to mastering the mental and practical skills of efficient social functioning as a scientist.