Home – Home – Jornals – Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 2026 number 2

The behavior of a three-component electrolyte in a microdevice utilizing a spherical ion-selective granule under an applied electric field and a pressure difference is investigated. In practical applications, one of the electrolyte components corresponds to charged analyte particles present at an initially low concentration. It is shown that the analyte concentration can be increased in the wake of the granule, and the degree of concentration enhancement is independent of the initial concentration. The physical mechanism of this phenomenon is described. This paper also presents the parameter values-such as the potential difference, pressure difference, and the characteristics of the electrolyte and the granule-for which this enhancement is achievable.

Changes in the properties of a DC-excited gas-discharge plasma in uniform weak longitudinal magnetic fields are analyzed. The state and behavior of such a system in a weak magnetic field can be studied using the reaction-diffusion equation, which describes the ionization-recombination equilibrium in the plasma, together with modern concepts of ambipolar diffusion. It is shown that, in the presence of an external magnetic field, the transverse diffusion coefficient decreases, the coherence of emerging plasma states in the system is disrupted, noise or turbulence arises in diffusive and stratified regimes (including contracted ones), and the striation period increases. Complete destruction of the spatiotemporal structure of a striation occurs when the magnetic field strength exceeds a critical value. A similar effect is also achieved by increasing the working gas pressure. The presented findings allow all the above-mentioned behavioral features of the ionized gas to be interpreted as different manifestations of an integrated plasma-field system.

Some experimental results on the penetration of polyconical penetrators made of EP637 steel into M400 concrete blocks and sandy soil are presented. The critical velocity is determined through successive iterations over a range of impact velocities characteristic of the transition from an intact penetrator (defined as a reduction in model length of less than 5%, excluding cavitator blunting) to a failed penetrator (defined as a length reduction exceeding 5% or a breach of penetrator integrity). The critical impact velocity above which penetrator failure occurs is identified.

The amplification of a shock wave pulse transmitted through a sand layer is investigated as a function of layer thickness. It is shown that, as the sand layer thickness becomes somewhat higher, the amplitude of the probing pulse first increases and then decreases. Pressure peaks form almost simultaneously throughout the entire sand layer.

Results of an experimental study on the deformation and failure of nature-inspired cellular structures under compression at high strain rates are presented. Tests are conducted on specimens with the Schwarz primitive geometry, modeled with different volume fractions (ϕ), as well as on solid specimens. The specimens are fabricated from polylactide polymer using 3D printing. An increase in compressive strength and elastic modulus is observed with increasing strain rate at constant ϕ. Specific energy absorption values are determined for the cellular structures studied. The Gibson-Ashby relationship for cellular structures is confirmed to hold under high-strain-rate loading.

One-dimensional unsteady flows of an incompressible non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid between parallel plates are considered within the framework of the Johnson-Segalman model with multiple relaxation times. A distinctive feature of the model is its hyperbolicity over a wide range of flow parameters. A general form of the model with n relaxation times (modes) is obtained, and a change of variables is introduced that allows the governing equations to be written in conservative (divergent) form. A series of unsteady flow simulations in various regimes is performed, demonstrating the occurrence of shear banding with increasing mean flow velocity. The dependence of the wall shear stress on the shear rate is obtained, as well as the dependence of the flow rate on the pressure gradient, for plane steady Couette and Poiseuille flows, respectively. The resulting diagrams are validated by comparison with a range of experimental data. The structure of steady-state solutions exhibiting shear banding, obtained as the numerical limit of unsteady solutions, is investigated. A criterion is formulated for selecting steady-state solutions that are asymptotically realized in numerical unsteady calculations. The phenomenon of hysteresis under cyclic variation of the flow velocity is analyzed.

Integration in Lagrangian variables is performed for a submodel describing steady-state motions of an ideal gas with constant pressure in the flow region. A general solution is obtained for the invariant submodel of steady-state rotational isobaric motions. Examples of helical gas motions with constant pressure are considered.

A numerical study is performed to investigate the influence of vibrational excitation and relaxation of sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) molecules on the gas-dynamic structure and stability of high-speed microjets issuing from axisymmetric sonic micronozzles with diameters ranging from 10 to 110 μm. Direct numerical simulation of the gas flow is conducted by solving the unsteady three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations using a two-temperature model for relaxing flows. The study is carried out over a wide range of Reynolds numbers determined by the micronozzle diameter. The influence of vibrational relaxation of gas molecules on the mode composition and spectral characteristics of disturbances, as well as on the length of the laminar region of the microjets, is observed.

Results of a numerical simulation and flow stability analysis of the boundary layer on a flat plate with surface microrelief in the form of long slots (grooves) oriented at different angles relative to the freestream flow at Mach number M = 2 are presented. Slots with a depth-based Reynolds number Re_h ≈ 1000 and a width small compared to the instability wavelength are considered. Using numerical simulation, the flow characteristics around the plate with inclined slots are determined, and the development of time-localized disturbances is studied. A flow stability analysis is performed within the framework of linear stability theory using averaged boundary-layer profiles. The computational results show that the presence of inclined slots leads to the emergence of crossflow in the boundary layer, which causes an increase in disturbance growth rates. The obtained data are in good agreement with experimental observations and explain the boundary-layer destabilization effect caused by inclined slots.

Предложен эффективный способ учета граничных условий методом решеточных уравнений Больцмана, основанный на трассировке лучей. Данный подход обеспечивает высокую точность расчетов для сложных геометрических форм с использованием только дискретных поверхностных сеток, что исключает необходимость аналитического описания кривизны. Разработан надежный алгоритм геометрического пересечения, в котором тесты луч - отрезок (2D) и луч - плоскость (3D) позволяют точно локализовать граничные точки. Алгоритм не требует предварительной обработки и сохраняет второй порядок точности за счет применения классической схемы отскока. Верификация на задачах обтекания двумерных цилиндров (Re =100), аэродинамического профиля NACA0012 (Re = 500) и трехмерных сфер показала, что полученные результаты хорошо согласуются (погрешность определения коэффициента сопротивления при использовании сеток с 64-128 вершинами не превышает 3 %; отклонение от высокоточных эталонных данных составляет менее 10 %). Простота реализации, точность и полная совместимость с CAD-моделями делают предложенный подход перспективным для применения метода решеточных уравнений Больцмана в задачах автомобилестроения, аэрокосмической отрасли и энергетики Полный текст статьи на английском языке публикуется в англоязычной версии журнала ПМТФ (J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys. 2026. V. 67, N 2).

A pseudo-direct numerical simulation of turbulent natural convection in a closed, nonuniformly heated square cavity filled with air is performed. The velocity components are calculated using the lattice Boltzmann method with high-order regularization. Thermodynamic characteristics are analyzed by solving the macroscopic energy equation using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta finite-difference scheme. The developed hybrid algorithm, which mimics the direct numerical simulation approach, is tested on benchmark problems of turbulent natural convection. Numerical simulations are carried out over a Rayleigh number range of 10¹⁰ ≤ R ≤ 10¹¹. It is found that, as R increases, the intensity of thermal plume generation on the isothermal walls becomes greater and the region of turbulent vortex formation expands. Stagnation zones of the heat transfer fluid are identified near the horizontal walls. The distribution of second-order statistics, with the exception of temperature variance, is shown to depend on the thermal plume configuration.

A solution to the problem of the pressure field in an oil and gas reservoir with a hydraulic fracture connecting an injection well and a production well is obtained. The solution is constructed in the Laplace-Carson transform space using an asymptotic method. Analytical expressions for the pressure field in the fracture are derived in the quasi-stationary approximation. An approximate formula for calculating the pressure field in a hydraulic fracture is proposed. Computational experiments are performed using numerical inversion algorithms and the obtained analytical expressions. Spatiotemporal pressure distributions are constructed for realistic values of reservoir and fracture parameters. Based on an analysis of the computational results, the patterns of pressure field formation in a reservoir with a hydraulic fracture are refined. A comparison of the numerical calculations with the analytical relationships shows that the proposed analytical formula provides accuracy sufficient for practical purposes over a time period comparable to the production lifetime of real oil and gas fields.

Results of experiments on the fabrication of a composite material based on PTS-1 titanium with a TiN reinforcing phase at volume fractions of 4, 8, 12, and 21% by hot pressing are presented. A powder mixture of titanium and titanium nitride, mechanically processed in a high-energy planetary ball mill, is sintered at temperatures of 1200, 1300, and 1400°C. The sintered samples are shown to contain primary (α-Ti and β-Ti) and secondary phases (δ-TiN and ε-Ti₂N). With increasing titanium nitride concentration, a polymorphic transformation (β ↔ α) occurs, forming the α-Ti-TiN eutectoid. Elevating the sintering temperature is found to increase the grain size of the β-Ti phase by 250%. Owing to the high titanium nitride concentration, the composite structure is transformed, leading to an increase in relative density to 99%, an improvement in material hardness by 97%, and an increase in elastic modulus by 63%.

Results of experimental investigations into the effect of impact energy on the residual compressive strength of high-strength laminated carbon fiber reinforced polymer specimens are presented. To study the influence of residual stress levels induced by impact on the residual strength of the specimens, additional measurements are performed using electronic speckle pattern interferometry in conjunction with the drilling of small probe holes. Residual stress values are determined in the mid-plane of the specimens at the boundaries of the impacted zones. The scatter in the experimental data, arising from distributed damage within the material microstructure, prevents establishing a correlation between residual stresses after impact with energies of 0-110 J and the residual strength of the specimens.

The nonlocal theory of microstructural deformation of thin plates is applied to derive an equilibrium equation for a thin isotropic nanoplate along with the corresponding boundary conditions. An approach to constructing a solution to this equation for a rectangular nanoplate with simply supported edges is proposed, employing Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind and the collocation method. The deflection of the nanoplate midplane and the bending moments are analyzed as functions of a nonlocal nanoscale parameter.

The mechanical properties of a new composite-diamane-reinforced copper-are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Young's modulus and tensile strength of the copper-diamane composite are determined to be 117 GPa and 16.4 GPa, respectively. These values can be greater provided that the number of diamane layers in the composite is increased.

An experimental study of hydraulic fracturing of thick-walled concrete cylinders with a central hole is conducted using a high-pressure fluid test setup. The cylinders are made of sand-based concrete with GTs 50 alumina cement. Estimates of the ultimate pressure obtained using local and nonlocal failure criteria are compared with experimental data. Satisfactory agreement between the calculated ultimate loads and the experimental failure data under nonuniform stress conditions is shown to be achieved with nonlocal failure criteria.

An exact solution to the two-dimensional Wiener-Hopf integral equation is obtained for the first time. This solution is used to solve mixed problems in acute-angled wedge-shaped domains. Mixed problems are considered for an arbitrary multilayer anisotropic composite. The block element method is employed in combination with topological and factorization approaches. The constructed solution has an integral representation that can be utilized in standard software packages for evaluating integrals in the study of anisotropic composites. The solution contains singular sets where it becomes infinite, which complicates the direct numerical solution of such mixed problems. An exact solution to the two-dimensional Wiener-Hopf integral equation is equivalent to solving the mixed problem in a wedge-shaped domain with an angle of 90°. This result may be used together with topological methods to solve these equations in arbitrary acute-angled wedge-shaped domains. A theory of contact problems for wedge-shaped punches with an acute angle is developed.

The propagation of a rectilinear crack at the interface of dissimilar materials is investigated. A two-parameter (dual) elastic-plastic failure criterion for mixed-type cracks is proposed. This criterion includes a deformation criterion formulated at the tip of the initial crack and a force criterion formulated at the tip of a fictitious crack. The lengths of the initial and fictitious cracks differ by an amount equal to the length of the process zone. Because the crack path at the interface between materials is curved, the fracture angle is determined using the maximum tangential stress criterion based on the asymptotic expansion of the stress field in the vicinity of the crack tip, taking into account non-singular terms. A modified Leonov-Panasyuk-Dugdale model of the end zone of a sharp internal crack is used to describe the process zone. The parameters entering the resulting analytical model are analyzed. The dimensionless geometric parameters of the structure are determined numerically using the finite element method. A system of two nonlinear equations is obtained for the critical length of the process zone and the critical load under mixed-type (complex) stress state conditions. The shape and dimensions of the process zone in the vicinity of the crack tip in a nonlinear elastic material are determined using the von Mises criterion.

A VT-6-10% B₄C cetmet composite is produced using direct laser deposition (laser additive manufacturing). The effect of thermal post-treatment on the microstructure and properties of this composite is investigated. After heat treatment, the (α+γ) matrix structure is found to transform into an (α+β) structure, β-Ti is stabilized, the concentration of secondary phases (TiB, TiC_1-x, TiB₂, V₂B₃) increases, and the α₂-Ti₃Al intermetallic compound is formed. Thermal post-treatment leads to an increase in microhardness (up to HV0.3 = 651) and improved wear resistance (wear volume decreases by 7%, and the friction coefficient by 0.08). These results confirm the effectiveness of heat treatment for optimizing the structure and enhancing the wear resistance of additively manufactured titanium matrix composites.

Approaches to the topological optimization of lattice composite structures aimed at improving their weight efficiency for use in rocket and space technology are investigated. Traditional filament winding methods and advanced technologies such as continuous-fiber 3D printing are considered; these enable the creation of micro-lattice structures with thin ribs and biomimetic properties. The application of the SIMP method in continuum and discrete models is demonstrated for a cylindrical spacecraft body shell. A comparison of various lattice structure designs shows that the weight of these structures is 18.5% lower when using the SIMP method compared to the traditional approach.

Results of the conceptual development of a vacuum aerodynamic facility based on the vacuum system of the AT-303 wind tunnel at the ITAM SB RAS are presented. The layout, geometry, design features, and advantages of the proposed facility are described. Its operating parameters and performance characteristics are evaluated.

The catalytic oxidation and extraction of sulphur-containing compounds of the diesel fraction by metal-containing ionic liquids based on imidazolium bromide (IL) and metal salts (FeCl₃, SnCl₄, ZnCl₂, СоС1₂, МnС1₂) have been investigated. The composition of sulphur-containing compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the initial and purified diesel fraction was determined by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The optimal conditions for oxidation and extraction have been determined: temperature 30 °C, extraction time 60 min, the molar ratio IL / metal salt = 1 : 0.25. A higher degree of sulphur-containing compounds removal (80-95 %) is observed in the systems ILFeCl₃, ILSnCl₄, ILZnCl₂. Results of the studies of group and individual composition of dibenzothiophene derivatives have shown that in terms of recovery degree the homologues are ranged as follows: dibenzothiophene > trimethyldibenzothiophene > methyldibenzothiophene > dimethyldibenzothiophene. The efficiency of extraction of naphthalene and phenanthrene homologues is 75-80 %.

The results of laboratory studies on the effectiveness of GBK-F acid composition for enhancing oil recovery from terrigenous reservoirs are presented. Experiments on reservoir models with oil of various viscosities (Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye and Olenye fields) confirmed the ability of the composition to increase the displacement coefficient by 20-26 % at both low (22-23 °C) and high (90 °C) temperatures. It has been determined that the use of the composition significantly equalises filtration flows in heterogeneous systems. It has been shown experimentally that the composition effectively eliminates water blocking in low-permeability intervals, increasing the phase permeability for oil from 0.013 to 0.357 mm². It has been concluded that the mechanism of action of GBK-F is based on a complex chemical and rheological effect that improves the filtration characteristics of the reservoir. The obtained results allow us to recommend the use of GBK-F to intensity production and increase the coverage of heterogeneous terrigenous reservoirs.

Extensive analysis of the composition (material and fractional composition, sulphur distribution over components and fractions, content of thiophene derivatives, etc.) of liquid products formed in thermal cracking of high-sulphur oil shale from the Kashpir deposit has been carried out, the effect of temperature and process duration on these parameters has been demonstrated. It has been found that the yield of liquid products at cracking temperatures of 425 and 450 °C increases with an increase in the time of thermal treatment from 40 to 100 minutes, reaching 26.40 and 23.62 wt%, respectively, due to an increase in the kerogen destruction depth. A further increase in process temperature to 475 °C intensifies secondary reactions, leading to a decrease in the yield of liquid products and the distillate fractions within them. The distribution of sulphur over distillate fractions was studied, and the predominance of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene homologues in the diesel fraction was established. It has been shown that at cracking temperatures of 425-450 °C, an increase in process duration causes sulphur redistribution from the diesel to gasoline fraction against the background of an increasing proportion of thiophene homologues, which indicates the predominance of dealkylation and fragmentation of complex heterocyclic structures. At 475 °C, dibenzothiophene and its homologues accumulate in the residual fraction (>360 °C). The obtained data will improve the understanding of the patterns of thermal transformation of sulphur-containing structural fragments in the organic matter of high-sulphur oil shales during cracking.

The article presents the results of long-term monitoring of ecosystem recovery following an accidental oil spill at the Krapivinskoye field (Tomsk Region) using remote sensing methods. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), calculated from MODIS spectroradiometer data for the period 2020-2025, was used as an integral indicator of vegetation condition. A detailed analysis of the seasonal and interannual dynamics of the index was carried out, identifying seven phenological intervals within the growing season. It was found that the average annual NDVI value decreased by 2.41 % over the six-year observation period, indicating the long-term oil pollution impact. Despite some periods of improvement in the indicators, the ecosystem did not reach its original productivity level by 2025. The effectiveness of the satellite monitoring methodology for the operational assessment of vegetation condition and the efficiency of reclamation measures on disturbed lands is demonstrated.

The composition of biomolecules of herbaceous plants, some of which possess biological activity, has been studied and identified by chromatography - mass spectrometry in post-pyrogenic and background areas of the steppe zone of Khakassia. Insignificant differences were noted in the composition of acyclic compounds - n-alkanes, n-aldehydes, n-alkanols and long-chain n-alkanones. More significant changes are observed in the composition of steroids, though the pyrogenic effect on their composition in certain species of herbs varies and leads, along with different changes in the total content (from a decrease in the majority of plants to an increase in iris), to the redistribution of the proportion of individual representatives. Less stable to the action of fire were steroids with an unsaturated (double) bond in position 24 of the molecule, the content of which in the composition of all the studied herbs in post-pyrogenic areas is lower than in the background.

Results of studies on the activity and stability of Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts with a hierarchical pore system in the process of non-oxidative conversion of methane into aromatic hydrocarbons are presented. ZSM-5 zeolites were synthesised by hydrothermal synthesis with the addition of different amounts of polyaniline (3 %, 6 % and 12 %) as the second structure-forming agent (template), along with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA). The Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts were prepared from the zeolites and nano-sized Mo powder by solid-phase synthesis. According to IR spectroscopic data, all the synthesised zeolites belong to the ZSM-5 type and have 100 % crystallinity. It is shown that the addition of the second template (polyaniline) at synthesis stage improves the textural characteristics of the zeolite: increased specific surface area and mesopore volume, with an insignificant change of micropore volume, in comparison with ZSM-5 synthesised using only HMDA. With an increase in the amount of polyaniline added at the synthesis stage, the average pore size in the zeolite is observed to increase to 3.1 nm. The addition of polyaniline also causes changes in their acidic properties. The strength and concentration of strong acid centres of zeolite, related to Brønsted acid centres, are observed to decrease, which is probably due to changes in the distribution of Al atoms in zeolite structure and, as a consequence, to the redistribution of Brønsted and Lewis acidity. Non-oxidative methane conversion was carried out at a temperature of 750 °C and atmospheric pressure in a quartz reactor with a fixed catalyst bed. Catalytic tests have shown that the addition of polyaniline leads to the production of samples characterised by higher activity and selectivity for benzene formation. The best activity and stability are observed for Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst based on the zeolite synthesised with the addition of 6 % polyaniline, methane conversion was 11.5 %, and benzene yield was 6.7 %.

The distribution patterns of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in sod-podzolic soils one year after an accidental oil spill at an oil field in the Nefteyugansk district of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug are considered. Soil samples were collected from the depth of 0-10, 10-30, and 30-50 cm. The composition and distribution of hydrocarbons were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The total pollutant content was found to be unevenly distributed: the highest concentrations are confined to the surface layer, while the minimum values are characteristic of the middle interval (10-30 cm). In all horizons, n-alkanes account for the majority of the contamination, while isoprenoid alkanes and polycyclic aromatic compounds are present in smaller quantities. It has been shown that in the intermediate (10-30 cm) layer, the ratio of individual aromatic compounds changes: in particular, the contribution of methyl-substituted naphthalene homologues decreases and the relative content of phenanthrene homologues increases. Predominance of high-molecular-weight odd n-alkanes, characteristic of biogenic soil organic matter, was also recorded in this layer. Individual n-alkanes include homologues from C₁₃ to C₃₅. It has been found that the average number of carbon atoms in homologous series for compounds with long alkyl chains increases for most groups of compounds when moving from oil to soil.

A comparative study of the composition of the supramolecular and molecular structure of resin-asphaltene components isolated from the light oil of the Krapivinskoye field and heavy oil of the Usinsk field and the residues after their atmospheric distillation has been carried out. Using a set of methods - scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and structural group analysis - the features of the surface morphology of asphaltenes and their nano- and microstructure, as well as the features of the structural organisation of oil resins before and after their primary processing were revealed. It has been established that asphaltenes and resins of heavy oil undergo more pronounced structural transformations. The results obtained expand the understanding of the behaviour of high-molecular oil components under thermal action and can be used to optimise technologies for processing residual fractions and predict their operational properties.

Results of the synthesis of binary systems and ternary system of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on glycerol, choline chloride and urea are presented, along with the studies of their physicochemical and rheological properties, including the properties of their aqueous solutions. Based on the conducted studies involving the addition of a complex surfactant to DES, a new neutral-alkaline oil-displacing composition was developed. The results of laboratory tests aimed at studying the effect of the developed composition on the filtration characteristics of the heterogeneous formation of the Usinskoye field, as well as on the composition and properties of oil itself, are presented. The neutral-alkaline oil-displacing composition is applicable to various geological and physical conditions, in particular in the northern and Arctic regions. The effectiveness of the composition was evaluated under natural, steam-thermal, and steam-cyclic development conditions. Its use was found to smooth out filtration flows, increase reservoir sweep efficiency, restore permeability, and, as a consequence, increase oil displacement efficiency significantly over a wide temperature range. Analysis of the composition and properties of heavy, high-viscosity oil using IR spectroscopy and chromatography - mass spectrometry has shown that the developed composition alters oil characteristics by breaking the bridges linking saturated hydrocarbons with the esters/acids of resinous components. This leads to an increase in the proportion of oil fractions, with a simultaneous reduction of resin content, resulting in lower viscosity and improved oil quality.

The West Siberian oil and gas basin has large reserves of hard-to-recover oil from low-permeability reservoirs. The share of such reserves is more than 80 %, but less than 17 % is currently under development. Statistical analysis of the physicochemical properties and occurrence conditions has been carried out for hard-to-recover Western Siberian oils from deposits characterised by low permeability, the development of which will increase oil production in the region. A set including 1970 oil samples from 488 oilfields of the West Siberian oil and gas basin, taken from the database of the Institute of Petroleum Chemistry SB RAS, was used for analysis. The distribution of oilfields with low-permeability reservoirs in the basin is revealed, and the typification of oilfields with the reservoirs differing in permeability and porosity of rocks is presented. The lithological and stratigraphic distribution of low-permeable deposits of various types is shown. The features of physicochemical characteristics of oils and occurrence conditions have been revealed.

Formulations of composite materials based on aqueous dispersions of petroleum bitumen and plasticised epoxy-diane oligomer, stabilised by oleic acid in an alkaline medium, have been developed. The morphology of composite binder samples, their structural and rheological properties, temperature properties (softening point and brittleness temperature), and adhesive interaction with mineral materials of acidic and basic nature have been studied using granite and dolomite as examples. It is shown that the studied systems have a homogeneous structure, since there is a uniform oligomer distribution throughout the volume of the bitumen binder, with inclusions of light aggregates of epoxy-diane oligomer in the bitumen matrix, the size of which increases with an increase in the amount of the additive. It has been established that in the presence of epoxy oligomer, the temperature range of bitumen plasticity expands to ~20 °C, and the colloidal structure of mixed dispersions exhibits a non-Newtonian flow pattern up to 70 °C, so that with an increase in oligomer concentration (1-20 wt%), the resistance of the colloid system to deformation increases, which is confirmed by an increase in the values of rheological characteristics. The maximum adhesive bond of films (>75 %) is recorded during the interaction of the oligomer-bitumen binder and mineral material with a basic surface nature at an oligomer content of 5 and 15 %. The obtained compositions are promising for use as a film-forming material for construction purposes, which can be used as a sealing and waterproofing protective coating for road and civil construction products and structures, and also as part of a plugging material for cementing, fastening and repairing wells in oil and gas production industry.

The physical and geographical characteristics of the Sea of Azov are distinguished by a number of specific features providing its uniqueness: shallow depths, a vast drainage basin relative to the sea size, significant river runoff, annually replacing a significant portion of the sea volume, and poor water exchange with other seas. Furthermore, the Sea of Azov basin encompasses one of the most densely populated regions of Russia and is considered to be the most heavily polluted (in particular by hydrocarbons) by human activities. The quantitative and qualitative composition of hydrocarbons in seawater and suspended matter in the eastern part of the Sea of Azov has been investigated. Samples were collected during Cruise 102 of the research vessel Deneb in November 2024. New, up-to-date data on hydrocarbon pollution in the Sea of Azov were obtained using gas chromatography and various molecular diagnostic indices, allowing for a hypothesis regarding the nature of the detected hydrocarbons. Statistical analysis was used to cluster sampling stations over the parameters studied. It has been concluded that the environmental conditions in the eastern part of the Sea of Azov are unfavourable with respect to hydrocarbon substances. It was established that, due to the active development of the microbial community, intensive transformation of n-alkanes of petroleum and autochthonous origin occurs in water and in suspended matter. The obtained results can be considered as background data when studying the consequences of the Volgoneft tanker accident near the Kerch Strait in December 2024.