Home – Home – Jornals – 2014 number 2

The article characterizes the staffing situation in the building industry of Siberia after the Soviet victory in the World War II; identifies factors which led to increase in number of new workers in the building organizations. The reasons behind this were, in author’s opinion, the growth of investment activities along with low level of mechanization in construction industry. The situation in the labor-market of Siberia and the USSR in general is characterized in connection with losses of population during the Great Patriotic War and large-scale reconstruction of the Soviet economy. During the fourth five-year plan there was an outflow of many retirees and house-wives; young people also left the construction sites in order to continue education. The majority of workers who had been previously mobilized to the construction industry returned to their homes. The author estimates the scale of forced labor in the building organizations; describes problems connected with using the POWs, internees and prisoners as labor force. In this paper dynamics of the number Siberian workers in the postwar decade by certain categories of industrial personnel and economic regions, “krais” and “oblasts” are traced. The author gives examples of formation of several thousand strong collectives in Siberian construction industry. Growth rates of Siberian construction workers during the fourth (1946-1950) and fi fth (1951-1955) five-year plans are calculated. The author describes specifics of sectoral structure of employment in the areas of new industrial development, where the share of builders was particularly high; notes accelerated growth in number of workers as compared with the national average rate; points at concentration of workers in certain production units which increased the share of Siberian workers in the total number of Russian construction workers.

The article investigates the state of agriculture in the Soviet Union and in particular in Kazakhstan on the eve and at the beginning of realization phase of the Communist Party policy aimed at virgin and fallow lands development in 1953 - 1954. The author analyzes circumstances of management reshuffle in the Republic. The food crisis that struck the Soviet Union after World War II is also considered. The problem of providing the population with bread was very urgent. Soviet Union’s new leadership under N.S. Khrushchev had to take immediate actions. The paper analyzes two possible solutions of the problem: agrarian reform could be conducted with either intensive or extensive methods. The first variant foresaw a profound transformation of relations of production, i.e. transition to the market mechanisms, including private interest that was attainable only after privatization of property, and above all - after establishment of private land ownership. The author emphasizes that the System chose an extensive model of problem’s solution for the purpose of self-preservation. A sharp increase in grain production was planned in order to soften (and then to resolve) the food crisis. In this regard, the government set a course for ploughing the huge land masses in the eastern areas of the country, i.e. “cultivation of virgin lands”. The largest-scale ploughing was to be done in Northern Kazakhstan. The key political figures of that time (among them were H.A. Borkov, Zh. Sh. Shayakhmetov, P.K. Ponomarenko, L.I. Brezhnev) are described in the article on the basis of publications and memoirs written by the prominent statesmen. The author reveals interrelations between Khrushchev’s virgin lands program and state and party leadership change in Kazakhstan.

M. Korbut (1899-1937), so called “Red Professor” from Каzan, significantly contributed to the Russian school of historical science and authored over 120 works. His fields of interest included the Red Revolution, Russian Provisional government and its labor legislation, as well as Kazan University history. The article focuses on the pre-revolutionary Russia labor insurance which was of a particular interest for the historian. The authors tracked down and analyzed over 100 works published by Michael Korbut on the issue, as well as a number of contemporary publications on the researcher’s fate and historical heritage. The study results in evaluating the historian’s contribution to research of the workers’ compensation insurance as well as specifi cs of his discourse under the circumstances of cultural and ideological pressure imposed on science in the 1920s-1930s. M.Korbut’s main accomplishment was first publication of the archives and data on the Police Department’s participation in the insurance policy. The authors of the article reviewed a number of opinions that later led to criticism and oblivion of the researcher by the Soviet historiography. Finally, the researcher was sentenced to death as it was obvious to the official ideologists that he supported the workers’ compensation insurance conducted by the tsarist government. Moreover, he sympathized with victims of the political struggle in the USSR. The paper contributes to research of workers’ insurance history as well as to studying life and scientific heritage of the suppressed scientists.

The question of stability of the vortex Bessel beams formed in turbulent atmosphere is theoretically considered. In the given research, characteristics of spatial structure of distribution of mean intensity of vortex Bessel beams in an inhomogeneous medium are analyzed in detail. The quantitative criterion of possibility of formation of vortex Bessel beams in turbulent atmosphere is derived. On the basis of the analysis of behavior of several physical parameters of mean intensity of optical radiation it is shown that the stability of the form of a vortex Bessel beam during propagation in turbulent atmosphere increases with an increase of the value of a topological charge of this beam.

The probability density fluctuations of the harmonic signal at the change of its frequency and time between elements of samples have been measured in a model experiment. The possibility of the use of the criterion of the first output from the field of comparison for the approximation of the distributions of probability density fluctuations of harmonic signal is studied. Its suitability for measurements in dependent and independent samples is shown.

Wall-collision broadening and shift of the water vapor absorption lines was measured within 5000-5600 cm^–1 with the IFS 125 HR Fourier spectrometer. It has been shown, that tight confinement of the molecules by the nanopores of silica aerogel leads to the strong lines broadening and shift. The half-widths at half maximum of spectral lines of the water vapor under nano-environment are on the average 23 times larger than those for the free molecules at a pressure of 10 mbar. A model that simulates the absorption profile of H₂O molecule, confined in nanopores, is presented. It assumes that half-width Γ of the absorption H₂O molecule is a sum of two parts, Γ_Wall and Γ_if. The first part, Γ_Wall, is connected with the wall collisions and it gives the main contribution to the half-width for all absorption lines. The best correlation between experimental and calculated half-widths is obtained when the second rotationally depended part, Γ_if, is connected with the collisions between (H₂O) molecules having (in comparison with free H₂O molecules) modified electro-optical parameters due to influence of pore’s surface. The data on the half-widths and center shifts for some strongest H₂O lines have been presented. The agreement between calculated and experimental half-width is satisfactory.

The technique and the results of the determination of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and its temperature in a vibrationally equilibrium gas mixture CO₂ : N₂ at a pressure that provides for the Lorentz contour of the absorption line and on the basis of the spectral distribution of the unsaturated absorption coefficient at lines of 1⁰0-00⁰1 transition of a tunable CO₂ laser are presented.

The ground-based experiment on microwave temperature sounding of the troposphere by the RPG-HATPRO instrument performed at the Faculty of Physics, St.Petersburg State University, since June 2012 is described. On the basis of intercomparison of the results with radiosonde data the estimates have been obtained of the temperature retrieval errors for the algorithm which was developed by the manufacturer of the instrument. The errors have been compared with corresponding values for similar instruments functioning abroad. The conclusion has been made about the necessity to develop specialized algorithms and data processing procedures which include adaptation and correction of algorithms accounting for peculiarities of specific instrument and experimental conditions.

In the article, the analysis of lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature in the UV spectral region from the international space station was performed. As a lidar transmitter, a solid Nd:YAG laser with 3 and 4 harmonics radiation (wavelengths of 355 and 266 nm) was taken. Using a lidar operating at 355 nm with the available parameters at the 10% level of measurement error, the altitude range from 20 to 70 km at night (the calculations were not carried out below) can be covered. For a small field of view of a receiving aperture of about 0.1 mrad and narrow-bandwidth filters of about 1 nm, temperature measurements are implementable in the range 20–40 km during the day and 20–70 km at twilight time. Despite the large signals obtained at a wavelength of 266 nm, its use is not possible due to the influence of lidar radiation absorption by ozone. The latter, when calculating the temperature from the measured lidar signals due to the systematic errors, leads to its false deviations from the actual values.

The conditions of formation of spring ozone anomalies in the Arctic and Antarctic are compared. It is shown that the distinction between polar ozone anomalies is due to a significant difference in the velocity and stability of the southern and northern polar vortices, as well as to the Antarctica’s Mount Erebus volcano, which is the powerful source of HCl. The paper describes the nature of its volcanogenic activity and the mechanism of the volcanogenic gas emissions transport to the Antarctic stratosphere.

We discuss characteristics of the spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere, measured using sun photometers in high-latitude regions (Spitsbergen, Tiksi, Yakutsk). The seasonal variations are characterized by a decrease in AOD from spring to fall by approximately two times in Yakutia and 1.5 times in the region of Spitsbergen. It is shown that the high selectivity of the spectral AOD dependence in warm period (with Angstrom parameters varying from 1.3 to 1.8) was caused by low content of coarse aerosol. Based on long-term that satellite observations systematically overestimate AOD over Arctic seas.

The main features of periodic and long-term variability of concentrations of ozone and other pollutants (nitrogen oxides NO_x, carbon monoxide CO, sulfur dioxide SO₂, particulate matters PM₁₀ and PM_2.5) in London for 2000–2012 are determined. The level of pollution in London is comparable with that in Moscow. The secondary pollutant (ozone) displays a seasonal variation with a maximum in spring-summer. All primary pollutants (other pollutants) reach the maximum in winter and the minimum in summer. During daytime, diurnal variations of primary and secondary pollutants are opposite, it is seen most clearly in summer. This fact shows the main role of vertical mixing in diurnal and seasonal variability of concentrations of all these pollutants. Weekday-weekend effect is observed for all pollutants. Some statistics of pollution episodes is presented. Concentrations of primary pollutants during 2000–2012 rather decreased, especially for SO₂ and CO; ozone concentration sooner slightly increased.

A method has been proposed for determining the mass concentration of airborne particles with sizes ≤ 1, ≤ 2.5, ≤ 10, and > 10 mm by measuring the light scattering coefficients of the investigated air at wavelengths λ₁ ≤ 0.55 and λ₂ ≥ 1.0 mm and scattering angles θ₁ ≤ 5° and θ₂ = 15 ÷ 45°. Mass concentrations of airborne particles are calculated on the basis of their stable statistical relationships with measured coefficients. Analytical expressions, approximating those statistical relationships, have been obtained on the basis of optical-microphysical model of urban aerosol, adopted by World Meteorological Organization, with varying concentrations, size distribution parameters, and complex refractive index of the particles of aerosol components (soot, water–soluble and dust). Statistical relationships obtained in the modeling approach have been compared with independent numerical and experimental data. The errors of the developed method in the overall variability of urban aerosol microphysical parameters have been evaluated.

The fluorescence features of seawater with dissolved crude oil components during continuous 13-days mixing of water and oil are considered. Four specific fluorescence peaks are identified. Two of them are connected with content of poly aromatic hydrocarbons, and other two peaks, with high molecular organic compounds. It is shown that the fluorescence spectrum of dissolved components of crude oil is not constant. Spectral features which are good for identification of dissolved crude oil in seawater are selected.

The main characteristics of the optoelectronic dual-channel precipitation gauge optical channels are presented, as well as the results of laboratory experiments and preliminary field tests. The procedure for determining the calibration characteristics using 5 mm steel balls is proposed, it allows minimizing the error due to imperfections in the device optical system. The results of fluid volume measurements show that the precipitation measurement error in the laboratory does not exceed 5%. Preliminary results of field measurements are presented in the form of precipitation particle size distributions, intensity changes, and calculated precipitation sums.

We learned statistics of intensity fluctuations after laser radiation propagation through a convective water cell. We demonstrated the similarity of water cell fluctuations and fluctuations of atmospheric long path by using normalized dispersion and Rytov index. Numerical simulations of both long and short paths have been performed with taking into account the probability density function. We showed that a water cell can served a laboratory physical model of long atmospherical optical paths.

Anion-active surfactants on the ground of sulpho derivatives of a mixture of fatty acids isolated from corn oil and individual linolenic acid were obtained. Physicochemical properties of surfactants and calcium salts synthesized on their ground have been defined. Research with thin (0.16–0.17 mm) films of petroleum on the surface of various waters (fresh, distilled, sea) has shown that these salts as 5 and 10 % solutions of ethanol possess good petroleum collecting and petroleum dispersing properties. It has been established that 0.025 and 0.05 % solutions of calcium salts are biodegradable.

The systems based on surfactants and inorganic reagents capable of generating stable foam gels in situ were investigated. Optimal ranges of component concentrations in the foam-gel forming systems intended to enhance oil recovery and coverage of oil and gas condensate deposits by the active systems of the development using water flooding, gas or steam injections were investigated.

The chemical nature of substances formed in aqueous alkaline media in the course of cavitation impact on peat containing no humic acids is considered. Using chemical and physicochemical investigation methods there have been established the nature of humic substances formed. It is proved that the effect of mechanochemical aqueous alkaline medium exerted on humate–carbohydrate complex can result in the formation of humic acids from other components of peat.

The main movable elements Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Cd, Mn, Ca, Sr, W, were found as a result of the experiments on leaching by the sulphuric-acid solutions of the ores of the deposit Bom-Gorkhon (Transbaikalia). Associations of possible mineral phases, the essential part of which is located in products of the modern mineral formation in wastes of the mountain manufacture were determined. The legitimacy of the use of the physicochemical modelling for the prognosis of geoecological consequences of mining of ore deposits was confirmed.

Experiments on carbothermy of minerals of the sillimanite group (MSG, Al₂SiO₅, composition (mass %): Al₂O₃ 62.9, SiO₂ 37.1) and quartzites containing them. The mixture melted after the mechanical activation under reducing conditions. Graphite, charcoal and sawdust were used as reducing agents. Graphite, charcoal and sawdust were used as reducing agents. The average statistical compositions of the products of melting were determined (mass %): aluminium-silicon – Al 93.62, Si 6.14, Fe 0.13, Ti 0.06; n = 429 (n is the number of determinations over which averaging was carried out), in 245 analyses the content of aluminium exceeds 98 mass %; silicon – Si 99.65, Al 0.22, Fe 0.12, Ti 0.02; n = 122. The results of the research show the fundamental possibility of the preparation of silumin, and along the way, silicon from MSG using plasma heating. Resources of the minerals of the group of sillimanite in Russia were evaluated. The program of specific activities on the transition of the production of silumin and aluminium to a new sort of raw materials and new technologies were proposed.

Micro-sized in the cross section aluminum oxide fibres, have been obtained by the sol-gel method with cotton cellulose as a template. The effect of the supramolecular structure of cellulose on the properties of ceramic fibres has been studied. It has been demonstrated that the initial morphology and supramolecular structure of cellulose have a significant impact on the template synthesis process.

New aminoglycosides obtained by the interaction of (1,3,5-trimethyl-1-H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanamine with D-glucose and D-galactose have been characterized. The structure of the class of monosaccharide derivatives studied and their probable stereochemical (anomeric) composition have been established using modern physicochemical research methods (¹HNMR and IR spectroscopy). A high growth promoting activity of N-aminoglycoside synthesized has been shown on the example of root formation of common bean.

The method of gas-chemical carbonization of mercury in industrial mercury containing wastes (construction waste and soils) of companies of SC Rosatom with the use of carbon dioxide has been examined. The thermodynamic analysis of the reaction of the formation of divalent mercury basic carbonate (HgCO₃ ⋅ 2HgO) at the interaction of mercury oxide with carbon dioxide was performed. The influence of the pressure of carbon dioxide, temperature and treatment time on the effect of gas-chemical carbonization of mercury oxide was studied. The technological scheme of the two-stage gas chemical recycling of mercury-containing wastes has been proposed. Biotesting of samples of construction waste and soils subjected to gas-chemical carbonization of mercury has been held.

A method for the synthesis of the application material for medical purposes based on the carbon hemosorbent is described. The chemical modification of a carbon material was performed via impregnation by azobisisobutyric acid dinitrile (DINIZ) in monomer N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) with the subsequent polymerization. Selecting the optimal parameters of the modification that allow applying up to 8–15 mass % of poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) onto the carbon sorbent is described in detail. As the general analysis we used a thermal method that provides monitoring the VP polymerization process on the carbon material. The proposed method for the synthesis of PVP on the surface of the carbon sorbent was compared with alternative methods of PVP preparation on the surface of different nature carriers. The analysis of the physicochemical properties of the studied sorbents is presented. The reported results of microbiological studies have demonstrated the possibility of using carbon sorbents for the vulnerosorption.

The structure and composition of organic sulphur compounds in high-sulphur petroleum from Nizhne-Pervomayskoye deposit (Tomsk Region) have been studied. Sulphur compounds have been shown to be represented by a mixture of isomers of dialkylthiacyclopentanes, alkyl- and methylalkylthiacyclohexanes, bicyclic sulphides, alkyl-homologues of benzothiophene, dibenzothiophenes and benzonaphthothiophenes and their alkyl-substituted.

Concentrations of K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Sr, Cu, Br, Rb, Pb in fruits of dog rose (Rosa canina) collected in areas with various technogenic load: Novosibirsk, Istaravshan City (Tajikistan), Gorny Altai have been determined by the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis using the synchrotron radiation (SRXRF). The highest concentrations of essential elements (K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) have been discovered for samples from Istaravshan City. It has been found that in pulp of plant fruits growing near the highway (Novosibirsk) concentrations of essential elements of K, Mn, Fe are several times lower, in comparison with data for the territory not experiencing the technogenic load (the forest area of Novosibirsk) and the concentration of Pb in them does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (MPC).

A synthesis of carbon nanomaterials was performed via decomposing hydrocarbon feedstock having various compositions (natural gas, propane–butane mixture) at 700 °С using a 20 % Ni/SBA-15 nickel catalyst. As the carrier for nickel catalysts we used mesoporous silicate material SBA-15 with a fixed pore diameter. It has been demonstrated that the preliminary functionalization of the carrier with amino groups provides a high dispersity of nickel particles due to their stabilization within the channels of the mesoporous silicate matrix. The maximal yield of carbon nanomaterials (27 g/g_Ni) was achieved in case of using a mixture of C₃–C₄. The product is presented by hollow carbon nanofibers with a diameter of 10–50 nm. The HRTEM method demonstrated that the formation of carbon filaments occurred owing to active centers attached to the outer surface of the carrier. The metal particles located within the pores of the SBA-15 matrix do not participate in the process. An effect of carbon methanation exerted on the yield of a carbon nanomaterial and its morphological features has been studied.

Gas phase methane chlorination in the presence of fibreglass catalysts has been investigated. It has been demonstrated that increasing the acidity of the glass fibres leads to an increase in the selectivity of the formation of methyl chloride. Unlike zeolite catalysts, the fibreglass catalysts are stable and do not get deactivated during several dozens of hours.

The dynamics of processes of mineralization of basic types of organic wastes of biotechnical systems of bioengineering systems of the life support in the medium containing hydrogen peroxide, under the action of the alternating electric current was described. Time and electroenergy were evaluated, as well as the degree of mineralization of wastes at the regime of oxidation corresponding to the maximally effective transition of mineral elements into the form, available to plants. The reverse dependence between the intensity of the mineralization process and such parameters, as the degree of waste mineralization, effectiveness of H₂O₂ and energy use was established.

Results of the study of structural and electronic properties of the 8-ZGNR/h-BN(001) heterostructure by the pseudopotential method using plane waves within density functional theory are presented. Within one approximation the features of the spin state at the Fermi level are studied along with the role of the edge and substrate effects in the opening of the energy gap in the 8-ZGNR/h-BN(001) heterostructure in both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orderings. The effect of a substrate made of hexagonal boron nitride was found for the first time. It consists in the opening of the energy gap in the p electron spectrum of the 8-ZGNR/h-BN(001) heterostructure for the ferromagnetic spin ordering. It is shown that the gap was 30 meV. Contributions of the edge effects of the graphene nanoribbon and the substrate to the energy gap formation are differentiated for the first time. It is found that in the 8-ZGNR/h-BN(001) heterostructure the dominant role in the opening of the energy gap at the Fermi level is played by the edge effects. However, when the nanoribbon width decreases, e.g., to six dimmers the substrate role in the gap opening increases and amounts to 45%. Local magnetic moments of carbon atoms are estimated. It is shown that small magnetic moments are induced on boron and nitrogen atoms at the interface.

The spatial and electronic structures of trimethoxyaluminum complexes with neutral molecules are calculated by the MP2/6-31(2d,p) method using the PC GAMESS-Firefly program package. The main characteristics of aluminum bonds in these molecules are determined by AIM and NBO methods. It is shown that these bonds can be characterized as the bonds between the atoms with closed shells.

The results of non-empirical quantum chemical calculations of geometric parameters, total energies, partial atomic charges, dipole moments, energies of frontier molecular orbitals obtained within second order Möller-Plesset perturbation theory in the MP2/6-31G(d,p) approximation are presented for a homologous series of N-alkyl pyridinium cations containing from 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon radical. Differences are found in the electronic structure of lower and higher homologues.

Decomposition of 2-fluoro-2,3-dihydrophosphinine (1), 2-chloro-2,3-dihydrophosphinine (3), 2-bromo-2,3-dihydrophosphinine (5) to phosphinine was investigated using Molecular orbital and density functional theory. Study on the B3LYP/6-311+G** level of theory revealed that the required energy for the decomposition of compounds 1, 3 and 5 to phosphinine is 30.56, 28.23 and 24.03 kcal×mol^–1, respectively. HF/6-311+G**//B3LYP/6-311+G** calculated barrier height for the decomposition of compound 1, 3 and 5 to phosphinine is 57.56, 37.26 and 30.77 kcal×mol^–1, respectively. Also, MP2/6-311+G**//B3LYP/6-311+G** results indicated that the barrier height for the decomposition of compound 1, 3 and 5 to phosphinine is 46.59, 47.28 and 42.57 kcal×mol^–1, respectively. Natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis and nuclear independent chemical shift (NICS) results showed that, reactants are non-aromatic but products of elimination reaction are aromatic, C-H and C-X bonds are broken and H-X bond is appear.

The use of the previously proposed parameter U proportional to the vibrational component of intramolecular energies, which can be considered as a kind of molecular topological characteristics, enables the estimation of gas chromatographic retention indices of isomeric unsaturated compounds. The latter include both isomers differing in the position of С=С double bonds in the carbon skeleton of the molecules and isomers with different configurations of these bonds (E and Z).

An X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of the electronic structure of unsubstituted and hexadecafluoro-substituted copper phthalocyanines is performed. L absorption spectra of the copper atom and K absorption spectra of carbon, nitrogen, and fluorine atoms of unsubstituted and hexadecafluorosubstituted copper phthalocyanine are examined. A comparison of the absorption spectra in one binding energy scale enabled the estimation of contributions of AOs of all atoms of the considered compounds to lower unoccupied molecular orbitals and to determine the sequence of levels, their energies, and the occurrence of the interaction between certain atoms.

The important feature of the present work is that the crystal data are obtained first time for the directly synthesized complex [Cu(D,L-but)₂] from pure zero valent metal and butyric acid in water. Further investigation involves the comparison of structural parameters from the XRD data of the title complex [Cu(D,L-but)₂] in solid state with the theoretically optimized structure in the gaseous state and its simulated spectra (vibrational and electronic) are generated. The results show that the structural parameters determined by computational studies and crystal structure studies are in good agreement. In the computational calculations, the geometric optimization is carried out using the MM3 method and electronic spectra are calculated using ZINDO, a semi-empirical quantum mechanical method of Scigress explorer 7.7. The theoretical calculations of HOMO-LUMO energies have revealed that the charge transfer interactions occur within the complex. The crystal data for the [Cu(D,L-but)₂] complex are: space group P2₁/c; a = 11.096(5) Å, b = 5.062(4) Å, c = 9.475(3) Å; β = 92.4°; ρ_calcd = 1.673 g/cm³; Z = 2.

Molecular orbital calculations at the DFT-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ level are performed for the possible tautomers of 1-nitroso-1,2,4-triazol-5-one-2-oxide. We have examined the substitution effects of carbonyl, N-oxide, and nitroso groups by comparing the calculated geometries, relative energies, and electrostatic potentials of model molecules. The optimized structures, vibrational frequencies, and thermodynamic values for triazolone-N-oxides are obtained in the ground state. The results show that 1H, 4H tautomers are most stable. Detonation velocity and detonation pressure are evaluated by the Kamlet-Jacob equations based on the predicted density and the calculated heat of explosion. The explosive properties of the designed compounds seem to be promising compared with those of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (D 8.75 km/s, P 34.70 GPa), octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetrnitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (D 9.10 km/s, P 39.3 GPa), and 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (D 9.20 km/s, P 42.0 GPa).

Self-diffusion coefficients of different classes of polar solvents are measured by the proton spin echo method in the temperature range of 288-318 K. In the same temperature range viscosities and dielectric relaxation times of the liquids under study are measured or taken from the literature and the activation energies of self-diffusion processes, viscous flow, and dielectric relaxation are calculated. The results obtained are compared with the literature data on structural relaxation times in the studied solvents and the conclusion is drawn about the role of the spatial hydrogen bond network in the mobility of molecules forming this network.