The paper considers the Polish exiles’ living conditions as reflected in their memoires. The author analyzes factors that influenced the exiles’ attitudes towards Siberia; studies how their origin, profession, family status affected their living conditions and relations with local population. Special attention is paid to those Poles who returned to Siberia or stayed there after completion of sentence.
The paper deals with the Polish military traveler M. Lepeckiy’s impressions from his journey to Siberia in 1933 and 1936. The traveler’s evaluation of the ongoing changes is presented along with his descriptions of the city of Novosibirsk as contrasted with other Siberian cities.
The paper considers the Tobolsk period of life and activities of an outstanding Russian statesman V.A. Artsimovich, whose “Description of the journey to Siberian land” is introduced into the scientific use. It is shown how his personal impressions from the journey to the North of the Tobolsk governorate influenced his administrative activities.
The article is devoted to the literary and scientific heritage of A.K. Ordynskiy (1830 – 1915). He was a writer and ethnographer, very popular in Siberia in the late XIX - early XX centuries, but forgotten nowadays. Ordynskiy’s literary activity characterizes the Siberian-Polish cultural relations.
The article describes the group of prisoners-of-war from the Polish 5
th Rifle Division who lived in the Minusinsk Uyezd in the early 1920s. The group of Polish captives was characterized by social, cultural and political heterogeneity given the fact that in the pre-war period they belonged to three different countries – Austria-Hungary, Germany and Russian empire. The author analyzes educational level, social and professional status of representatives of this group; shows how their labour was used in the regional economy.
T.G. Nedzeluk
Keywords: history of mentalities, intellectual history, transformation of the ideological stereotypes, Siberian polonistics, Polish sibirika
The article is devoted to the characteristics of the present stage of the Siberian-Polish academic interaction in historical science. New methodological models in the context of mental history allow expanding the boundaries of human knowledge. The author undertakes analysis of the Soviet scientifi c heritage, reveals a tendency of transition to the new methodological positions, identifies relevant research areas.
The paper determines the level of functionality of citations and titles in the political and social essays of Russian writers in the XVI century in order to reveal specifics of the authors’ styles.
N.K. Chernyshova
Keywords: hagiography, life story, historical essay, «Spiritual Regulation», St. Innocent of Irkutsk, St. Dimitriy of Rostov, textual analysis, manuscript, biography, version, copy
The article reveals factors of creation and existence of hagiography monuments of the Modern Age: specifics of canonization of saints in the Modern Age; the impact of Peter the Great’s «Spiritual Regulation» as a document that determined the contents of hagiographic literature; the role of historical science in transformation of hagiographic literature; specifics of studying hagiographical monuments of the Modern Age.
The article is devoted to the function of Old Russian testament genre in the hagiographical writings. The peculiarities of testaments are analyzed, their role in hagiographic narrations is defi ned. Testaments of famous clerical hierarchs of the XIV– XVII centuries attached to their biographies are used as the material of research.
The aim of this article is to find interrelation between the text and illustrations in “Ascetical Homilies” of Saint Isaac of Syria, the manuscript dated from the end of XIX century and illustrated by an Ural-Siberian Old-Believer artist. The author describes illustrations, shows how they are related to the texts provided with the miniature paintings; comes to conclusion that these paintings reflect interrelations within the system “monk – the outside world” as well as main monk practices (pure prayer, withdrawal into silence, etc.).
The author studies forewords to the Old-believers’ collected works coming to conclusion that defenders of the Old Rite used these prefaces in order to achieve the integrity of the text and help the reader adequately perceive the works included in these collections or fragments from the Holy Writ or patristic writings.
The article considers the sources of cosmogonical and historical ideas of the Tumen Old-Believer I.R. Legostaev. The author comes to conclusion that Legostaev’s narration of the Creation of the World was based on the introductory texts of the Russian Chronograph of 1620.
V.I. Shishkin, D.L. Sheremetjeva
Keywords: Provisional Siberian Government, Council of Ministers, political crisis, Yeniseisk provincial commissar, the Socialist-Revolutionaries, newspapers
In the paper the documents containing key information about the second phase of the political crisis of the Provisional Siberian Government in September 1918 are introduced into the scientifi c circulation.
The article analyzes reasons for publication and distribution of illegal national and religious literature under the conditions of deportation of Soviet citizens in the 1940s - 1950s. It characterizes subject areas and forms of existence of uncensored works in the Siberian and Far Eastern region.
I.V. Lizunova, E.V. Bulgakova
Keywords: book publishing, publishing-houses, books for children, adolescents and youth, children’s reading, Siberia and the Far East
The article highlights the transformation of children’s publishing in Siberia and the Far East in the fi rst post-Soviet decade, identifies its main stages. Structural changes in the repertoire of children’s books are characterized. The peculiarities of the children’s books in certain areas of the region are revealed. The author emphasizes the need for every kind of assistance to the regional leaders of the book industry in the field of children’s literature publication.
The article is devoted to the nature and specifics of scientific schools of bibliography and librarianship, defining their place in maintaining a professional level of library science. It characterizes methods in researching cognitive and social communications in these sciences, underlying the interactions of scientists.
The article is devoted to the characteristics of the Surgut population in the XIX – early XX centuries as a local ethnographic group of Russians. Formation of this group is studied from the perspective of frontier theory as interpreted by M.V. Shilovskiy. Based on the contemporary descriptions the author reveals anthropological, linguistic and household features of Surgut dwellers.
The paper deals with traditional ways of natural disaster prevention practiced by the Russian peasants in Siberia in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Based on the archival and published data as well as the author’s field work materials the article examines various methods used by the peasant commune for rainmaking, ceasing of drought, protecting crops from thunderstorm, hail and other calamities. Special attention to the traditional remedies against mass epidemics and epizootics is paid.
The paper is devoted to designation problem of status symbolism in the traditional set of female adornment. Based on the materials of the Turkic peoples of the Sayan-Altai the author creates a marking scheme of a woman’s age and gender status through various combinations of adornments; shows their role in the process of woman’s transition from one age group into another, as well as in the situation of changing family status. Status symbolism of adornments has remained in the Turkic cultures of the Sayan-Altai region up to the present time.
The paper describes contemporary manufacturing of the artistic felt carpets by Kazakhs and characterizes this practice fr om the viewpoint of unity of traditions and innovations. On the basis of the eld studies data, the authors dene the main trends in development of this kind of handicrafts in Kazakhstan and in a wider perspective – among the Kazakh people living outside the country (diaspora). Analysis of the conditions of felt carpet production in various districts of Kazakhstan, Altai, Mongolia and West Siberia has shown that production of homemade felt carpets was characterized by the local-specic variations in shape, color and ornamental patterns. Currently, this individual production has been changing into semi-industrial handicraft production wh ere traditions and author’s innovations merge.
This paper is focused on analysis of the main features of sociocultural life in small towns of Tashkent oblast in the post-Soviet period. The object of research is population of Angren, its subject – main characteristics of Russian-speaking commune during the post-Soviet period and problems of its adaptation to the social and political life in Uzbekistan. While studying this group the author comes to conclusion that the Russian-speaking population, even being a minority, continues to play a significant role in the sociocultural life in the cities of Tashkent oblast.
M. D. Shcherbin, K. V. Pavlyukov, A. A. Salo, S. F. Pertsev and A. V. Rikunov
Keywords: atmosphere, convection, explosion, rain, tornado, electric field
An attempt is undertaken to describe the development of the disturbed region of the atmosphere caused by the nuclear explosion over Hiroshima on August 6, 1945. Numerical simulation of the phenomenon is performed using the dynamic equations for a nonconducting inviscid gas taking into account the combustion of urban buildings, phase changes of water, electrification of ice particles, and removal of soot particles. The results of the numerical calculation of the development of the disturbed region indicate heavy rainfall, the formation of a storm cloud with lightning discharges, removal of soot particles, and the formation of vertical vortices. The temporal sequence of these meteorological phenomena is consistent with the data of observations. Because of the assumptions and approximations used in solving the problem, the results are of qualitative nature. Refinement of the results can be obtained by a more detailed study of the approximate initial and boundary conditions of the problem.
The effects of nanoparticle dispersion on solidification of a Cu–n-hexadecane nanofluid inside a vertical enclosure are investigated numerically for different temperatures of the left vertical wall. An enthalpy porosity technique is used to trace the solid-liquid interface. The resulting nanoparticle-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCMs) exhibit enhanced thermal conductivity in comparison to the base material. The effect of the wall temperature and nanoparticle volume fraction are studied in terms of the solid fraction and the shape of the solid-liquid phase front. It has been found that a lower wall temperature and a higher nanoparticle volume fraction result in a larger solid fraction. The increase in the heat release rate of the NEPCM shows its great potential for diverse thermal energy storage applications.
This paper presents a closed-form model for the analysis of symmetric planar W-type shaped charges (WSCs) with two V-sections, which produce two primary cores and two primary jets. If these two V-sections have proper asymmetry, these primary cores will force two primary jets into a secondary core formed on the axis of symmetry of a planar symmetric WSC. For the analysis of such a planar WSC, a complete generalized model for an asymmetric planar V-shaped charge (VSC) with any desired order of asymmetry is mandatory. In this paper, the model is applied to describe the secondary jet formation in the WSC. By presenting a closed-form analysis of the WSC, the secondary jet specifications can be easily evaluated and, thus, can be compared with respect to the jet quantities in symmetric or asymmetric VSCs. Finally, for the primary and secondary jets, the coherency conditions are investigated, and the critical parameters responsible for these conditions are determined.
In this paper, the whole dynamic process of a single drop impact onto a thin liquid surface up to the consequent formation of a thin crown is numerically studied using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Especially, the gravity, artificial viscosity, and surface tension are introduced into the model. The obtained SPH numerical results are compared with experimental results. The numerical model of the SPH method is valid for simulating the dynamic process of a single drop impact onto a liquid surface. Meanwhile, it is found that the whole dynamic process mainly depends on the depth of the liquid pool and the initial velocity of the droplet.
S. A. Rashkovskii, Yu. M. Milekhin, A. N. Kluchnikov and A. V. Fedorychev
Keywords: adjustable nozzle, flow characteristics, bifurcation, flow separation
A ground-based experimental study of the flow characteristic of an adjustable high-altitude nozzle was performed. It is shown that the flow characteristic of the adjustable nozzle can significantly depend on the design of its supersonic part and operation conditions. It is found that the operation such nozzles can involve different flow regimes of the working fluid depending on the position of the regulator; under certain conditions, there may be an abrupt change in the flow regime, which leads to an abrupt change (bifurcation) of the flow characteristic of the nozzle.
An unsteady flow of a viscous incompressible fluid around a deformable spherical body is considered in the approximation of low Reynolds numbers with a predetermined flow velocity. The hydrodynamic impact of the flow incoming onto the body is determined with allowance for small radial displacements of the body surface. The effect of spherical body surface deformation on the magnitude of the incoming flow impact force is taken into account, in particular, the dependence of small radial displacements of the body surface on the time is found, which makes it possible to minimize the physical impact of the incident flow.
The problem of the stability of an overheated liquid containing bubbles of an insoluble gas is considered. The critical conditions for the masses of gas bubbles, their radii, and volume concentrations are determined for the case of the stable state of the system consisting of a liquid and vapor-gas bubbles. Theory of spontaneous solutions is constructed which describes the exit of the overheated vapor-gas bubble system from the unstable state. On the basis of such solutions, the dynamics of transition of the overheated liquid to a stable state is studied.
S. S. Katsnel'son and G. A. Pozdnyakov
Keywords: mathematical simulation, magnetic hydrodynamics, molten metal, MHD pump, disk channel, governing parameters
A mathematical model of a centrifugal conductive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pump that calculates the distributions of velocity, current density, and pressure along the channel is developed. The viscous forces in the original system of MHD equations are taken into account on the basis of the known square law of the drag for a turbulent flow in a pipe, generalized for the case of plane flows in a channel. Dependences of the drag coefficient on the main governing parameters (metal flow rate, current intensity, and intensity of magnetic induction), which provide the agreement of the calculated and experimental data on the pressure at the pump outlet for different operation modes, are obtained. It is shown that these dependences have a universal character and the proposed model can be used to design pumps of this type and to manage their operation in production industry.
Wavy downflow of viscous liquid films in the presence of a cocurrent turbulent gas flow is analyzed theoretically. The parameters of two-dimensional steady-state traveling waves are calculated for wide ranges of liquid Reynolds number and gas flow velocity. The hydrodynamic characteristics of the liquid flow are computed using the full Navier–Stokes equations. The wavy interface is regarded as a small perturbation, and the equations for the gas are linearized in the vicinity of the main turbulent flow. Various optimal film flow regimes are obtained for the calculated nonlinear waves branching from the plane–parallel flow. It is shown that for high velocities of the cocurrent gas flow, the calculated wave characteristics correspond to those of ripple waves observed in experiments.
By studying the joint flow of a viscous and a micropolar fluid, we obtained a new boundary condition for the equations of the viscous fluid for the case where a thin layer of a granular fluid is present on the interface with the solid. Examples of using this condition in problems of drilling mud flow in the presence of a mud cake on the borehole wall are given.
An approximate model is proposed to describe the hydrodynamic processes of viscous fluid flow on a moving rotating cylinder in a stationary formulation. Expressions for the critical and optimum thickness of the fluid layers are obtained, and conditions for the existence of a roll in front of the moving cylinder are determined. The obtained solutions are used to derive relations between the physical and geometrical parameters of a rotating adhesion skimmer.
A method for determining relative permeabilities from data on unsteady filtration is proposed based on analytical solution of the inverse problem of filtration in the Buckley–Leverett approximation (Johnson–Bossler–Naumann method), verification of the results by numerical solution of the direct problem, and developing recommendations for changing the filtration conditions in subsequent experiments. It is shown that to improve the agreement between natural phase permeabilities and those obtained under laboratory conditions, it is advisable to combine physical and numerical experiments.
V. A. Eroshenko and Ya. G. Grosu
Keywords: porous solids, liquids, interfacial surface, lyophobic property, hysteresis, capillary pressure, compression-expansion isotherm, specific heat, adiabatic exponent
The range of the characteristic properties of repulsive clathrates (RKs), which are new working media used for efficient energy conversion in thermomechanical systems, has been extended. The dissipation, storage, and conversion of energy by means of RCs is based on the use of the intermolecular forces acting on the interface of the system of a liquid and a nonwetting solid capillary-porous matrix and leading to ejection of the liquid from the pores of the matrix. It has been shown that it is possible to control characteristics of RCs such as compressibility, amount of the dissipated (accumulated) mechanical energy, specific heat, and thermal parameters of the compression-expansion process. The properties of RCs providing unique operation modes of power systems that are not realizable with conventional working media (gas, steam).
Using the method of matched asymptotic expansions, solutions of boundary-value problems of shock deformation of nonlinear elastic weakly inhomogeneous semispaces are obtained. It is shown that nonlinearity of the model and various properties of the inhomogeneity lead to new evolution equations in the frontal areas of longitudinal and transverse shock waves, the transition to which is due to transformations of all independent coordinates of the problem.
A dynamic problem of an infinite isotropic cylinder of radius r subjected to boundary conditions of the radial stress, temperature, or concentration of the diffusing substance is studied by using the equations of state of a elastothermodiffusive solid with one relaxation time and the Laplace transform technique. The distributions of the displacement, temperature, and concentration are displayed graphically and analytically.
G. V. Druzhinin and F. K. Smorodin
Keywords: gas flow, thermal effect, melting, ablation, thermal protection, radiation emission, subgroup, differential equation
On the basis of an invariant H2-solution, an analytical solution of a reduced problem of melting of a crystalline material is obtained. A formula that determines material ablation in a molten state in the vicinity of the stagnation point is derived.
V. P. Matveenko, N. V. Sevodina and A. Yu. Fedorov
Keywords: adhesive joints, simple lap joint, stress singularity, finite element analysis, compound shape, geometry optimization
The stress state in adhesive lap joints with various geometric shapes of spew fillet is studied. It is noted that the applied design models of the considered problem include singular points at which infinite stress values are possible if one uses the linear elasticity theory to calculate the stress state. Based on the conclusions of the solution of the geometry optimization problem in the vicinity of the singular points of elastic bodies, variants of the geometry of spew fillet, which provide the most significant decrease in the concentration of stresses in adhesive lap joints, are proposed.
A. Kaci, K. Draiche, M. Zidi, M. S. A. Houari and A. Tounsi
Keywords: refined plate theory, nonlinear analysis, energy method, sandwich plate, functionally graded material
In this paper, an efficient and simple refined theory is presented for nonlinear bending analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates. The theory presented is variationally consistent, does not require the shear correction factor, and gives rise to transverse shear stress variations such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically across the plate thickness, satisfying shear-stress-free surface conditions. The energy concept along with the present theory and the first- and third-order shear deformation theories is used to predict the large deflection and the stress distribution across the thickness of functionally graded sandwich plates.
This paper presents experimental data on the strength of samples tested for bending and diametrically compressed core-shaped samples with a central hole. The obtained strengths of the samples are compared with the strength of samples under uniaxial tension using nonlocal strength criteria. It is shown that the calculated and measured strengths of the rock samples are in good agreement with each other when using a common approach to strength evaluation based on the Neuber–Novozhilov integral fracture criterion.
