Home – Home – Jornals – Avtometriya 2013 number 2

Various approaches to solving the problem of filtration of a continuous periodic signal distorted by stationary additive non-correlated noise are considered. Particular attention is paid to the case where the known signal period is non-divisible by the signal sampling period.

A new phenomenon of the spontaneous development of the rotating inertial gravity wave inside the rigid cylindrical tank has been observed. The experimental set-up combines both the inflow and outflow. Three regimes of the flow inside the tank have been disclosed for the fixed rate of the liquid height change: a) nonrotating flow, b) nonrotating flow with the ripple localized to the tank’s wall, and c) emergence of the rotating inertial gravity wave. The rotating inertial gravity wave forces the fluid to rotate in the opposite direction. Each of these regimes is realized in some ranges of the outlet diameters and liquid heights, and the maps of these regimes are established.

The improved numerical models based on the algebraic representations of the Reynolds stresses and fluxes and the use of the differential equation for the transfer of the dispersion of fluctuations of the vertical velocity component are considered for describing the processes of a vertical turbulent exchange in a stably stratified reservoir. Numerical model-ling of the penetration of a turbulent layer of a mixed fluid in a linearly stratified medium under the action of constant shear stress is carried out. Computational results agree well with known experimental data and point to a substantial influence of the anisotropy of the flow on its main characteristics.

Results of numerical investigation of the flow and heat transfer at turbulent free convection between the vertical parallel isothermal plates with different temperatures are presented. The temperature factor RT varied within –2 ÷ 1. The Rayleigh number changed within Ra = 10⁷ ÷ 10⁹, and the ratio of geometrical sizes of plates and distances between them was constant A = L/w = 10. Numerical studies were performed via the solution to the two-dimensional Navier—Stokes equations and energy equation in Boussinesq approximation. The considered boundary-value problem has the unknown conditions at the inlet and outlet between the plates. To describe turbulence, the modified low-Reynolds k–ε model was used. The effect of the temperature factor on the flow structure at the channel inlet and outlet was analyzed. Data on distributions of velocities and temperatures between the plates, local and integral heat transfer allow deeper understanding of the mechanism of transfer processes between the parallel plates with asymmetrical heating.

Results of a numerical and experimental study of flow-field characteristics in the test section of the Т-313 supersonic blow-down wind tunnel of ITAM SB RAS at Mach number М = 7 are reported. The distributions of local Mach numbers, stagnation temperatures, static pressures, angles of flow deflection from the test-section axis were analyzed. For comparison, distributions of Mach numbers across the flow at several stations at М = 5 and 6 are reported as well. We show that, in the T-313 wind tunnel, two-dimensional nozzle inserts can be used to perform experiments at М = 7.

Results of numerical simulation are discussed: simulation was carried out for a configuration of two wedges with sweepback leading edges placed on a pre-compression ramp in a way that skewed surfaces of the wedges deflect the compressed flows in the opposite directions. It was demonstrated that this configuration produces a flow with irregular interaction in the plane of symmetry for shock waves produced by sweepback wedges. The shock waves formed by the skew wedges induce 3D boundary layer separations along sweepback leading edges of the wedges. Flows in the separation zones are directed toward the plane of symmetry of this configuration; they interact and produce in the central part a “swollen” zone of separation flow with a typical S-shaped profile of velocity. Simulation data was obtained for the free stream flow with Mach number М = 4 and 6 and based upon Navier—Stokes equations and k-ω  SST turbulence model using FLUENT computation code. Inviscid flow described by Euler equations was considered as well.

The engineering calculation method has been developed for investigation of the process of thermal destruction of “Fregat” upper stage at deorbiting and descent into the Earth’s atmosphere. The results of calculation of its descent trajectory and characteristics of aerodynamic heating are presented. Within the framework of the thermodynamic approach, the authors investigated the process of pressure increase in the tanks due to heating and evaporation of the liquid phase of fuel. Stresses in the shells, the height and the energy equivalent of explosive destruction of tanks were calculated depending on the degree of their filling with remains of the components of liquid fuel.

Modelling results on characteristics of the cooling system, which combines the Peltier element with the radiator-emitter, are presented in the paper. Despite wide application of Peltier elements, characteristics of this system are hardly studied since there are no such combinations under the terrestrial conditions. The necessity to study the parameters of this combined cooler arose because such systems are planned to be used for thermal stabilization of detectors in the promising space telescope ART-XC, used at the Russian-German observatory “Spectrum-RG” and in monitor SPIN-Х1-ASM, which will be installed at the International Space Station (ISS). According to modelling, the cooler consisting of the Peltier element and radiator-emitter has some unusual properties caused by the complex feedback between these units.

The density and thermal expansion coefficients of liquid sodium and sodium-lead alloys (2.50, 5.00, 7.50, 9.99, and 21.03 at. % Pb) were investigated using gamma-ray attenuation technique in the temperature range from the liquidus line up to 950 K. Accuracy of density measurement is estimated to be ± 0.2–0.4 %. Temperature and concentration dependences of thermal properties of liquid system Na–Pb have been built.

The work is devoted to the mathematical modelling and numerical solution of the problems of conjugate micro-convection, which arises under the laser radiation action in the metal melt with surface-active refractory disperse components added for the modification, hardening, and doping of the treated surface. A multi-vortex structure of the melt flow has been obtained, the number of vortices in which depends on the surface tension variation, on the temperature and power of laser radiation. Special attention is paid to the numerical modelling of the behavior in the melt of the substrate of disperse admixture consisting of the tungsten carbide particles. The role of microconvection in the distribution of powder particles in the surface layer of the substrate after its cooling is shown.

A mathematical model is formulated to describe thermophysical processes at laser welding of metal plates for the case when the modifying nanoparticles of refractory compounds have been introduced in the weld pool (the nanopowder seed cultrure fermenters — NSCF). Specially prepared nanoparticles of refractory compounds serve the crystallization centers that is they are in fact the exogenous primers, on the surface of which the individual clusters are grouped. Owing to this, one can control the process of the crystallization of the alloy and the formation of its structure and, consequently, the joint weld properties. As an example, we present the results of computing the butt welding of two plates of aluminum alloy and steel. Computed and experimental data are compared.

A physical and mathematical model has been proposed for computing the thermal state and shape of the individual deposited track at the laser powder cladding. A three-dimensional statement of the two-phase problem of Stefan type with curved moving boundaries is considered. One of the boundaries is the melting-crystallization boundary, and the other is the boundary of the deposited layer, where the conservation laws are written from the condition of the inflow of the additional mass and energy. To describe the track shape the equation of kinematic compatibility of the points of a surface is used, the motion of which occurs at the expense of the mass of powder particles supplied to the radiation spot. An explicit finite difference scheme on a rectangular nonuniform grid is used for numerical solution of equations. The computations are carried out by through computation without an explicit identification of curved boundaries by using a modification of the immersed boundary method. The computational results are presented for the thermal state and the shape of the surface of the forming individual track depending on physical parameters: the substrate initial temperature, laser radiation intensity, scanning speed, powder feeding rate, etc.

A mathematical model is proposed to describe a laminar flame in gas suspensions with particles burning in the diffusion mode. Conductive and radiative heat transfer in the combustion wave and also the differences in temperatures and velocities of the solid and gas phases are taken into account. An analytical expression for the normal flame velocity as a function of the fuel and oxidizer concentrations and the particle size is derived. Theoretical predictions are demonstrated to agree well with experimental data on the flame velocity dependence on the particle size in suspensions of magnesium particles in air. The relative role of radiative heat transfer and sedimentation of particles in the suspension is analyzed.

Problems of theoretical and experimental modeling of combustion of high-energy materials in technological devices are considered. Requirements for modeling, validation criteria of modeling, and similarity criteria of combustion conditions are formulated. Classification of the validity of theoretical and experimental modeling is considered taking into account the features of intrachamber combustion of high-energy materials in technological devices.

A mechanism of the negative erosive burning (effect) in the channel of a rocket motor propellant charge is proposed. Reduction in the burning rate results from a decrease in the flame temperature due to conversion of the chemical reaction heat to the kinetic energy of the gas. There is a critical value of the Vilyunov number above which steady-state propellant combustion is impossible. Steady-state combustion is possible up to a factor of 1/e^1/2 decrease in the burning rate compared to the original value. An explanation is given for the weak manifestation of the negative erosion effect with a decrease in the initial propellant temperature: reducing the threshold rate of positive erosive burning narrows the region of negative erosive burning.

Dependences of the burning rate of powders, solid propellants, and explosives on pressure are analyzed. For this purpose, the coordinates are rotated by an angle whose tangent is equal to the burning rate coefficient in its one-term dependence on pressure. Different versions of approximation are considered, and an expression that best approximates the dependence of burning rate on pressure in the pressure range from zero to infinity is proposed.

The combustion of various propellants containing ammonium nitrate (AN) is studied. It is shown that the effect of AN on the burning rate depends on the heat of combustion of the starting propellant, the amount of AN, and the pressure at which combustion occurs. Thus, AN slightly increases the burning rate of low-calorific value propellants and significantly reduces that of high calorific value formulations. It is shown that combined catalysts can considerably increase (by a factor of up to ≈ 6 at a pressure of 2–4 MPa) the burning rate of propellants containing 50–70% of AN, and reduce the pressure dependence of the burning rate.

This paper describes a method for studying the combustion of titanium particles with a diameter of 300–500 μm obtained by agglomeration of many small particles. Burning monodisperse particles of titanium were produced by ignition of miniature pieces of a pyrotechnic composition containing 69% titanium powder placed in the burning sample. The resultant agglomerated particles burned in free fall in air. Their motion and evolution, including fragmentation, were video-recorded. Condensed combustion products were quenched, sampled, and studied.

Combustion of titanium particles in free fall in air were investigated. Burning monodisperse particles with a diameter of 300, 390, and 480 μm were obtained by merging of many small particles during ignition of miniature pieces of a pyrotechnic composition comprising 69% powdered titanium. Motion parameters and the drag of the burning particles were determined. The fragmentation phenomenon (the onset time and duration of the phenomenon, dispersion dynamics of fragments, fragment size distribution functions) were described qualitatively. For the investigated particles, the dispersion of fragments has the form of a spruce branch: the mother particle is retained and ejects small fragments. The distance and velocity of a particle at the moment of fragmentation and at the end of combustion were determined. Data are given on the structure and morphology of the combustion product particles represented by the reside of the mother particle and the set of small fragmented particles and data on changes in the size and glow intensity of the burning particle. At the end of combustion, the mother particle is transformed to a sphere consisting of a mixture of oxides of the averaged composition TiO_2.76.

The intermediate and final combustion products of pressed aluminum nanopowder are studied. It is found that the main combustion product is aluminum nitride. In the intermediate stages of combustion, aluminum oxide (γ-Al₂O₃) and oxynitride (Al₅O₆N) are the first to form on the sample surface, and aluminum nitride is formed next. The use of sliding (incident at a small angle to the surface) synchrotron radiation made it possible to determine with high accuracy (in time) the sequence of stages of formation of crystalline products during combustion of the aluminum nanopowder.

Detonation development in a system whose exothermal reaction kinetics depends on the rate of change of the specific volume is studied numerically. In the case of sudden compression, e.g., in a shock front, this kinetics leads to a finite degree of conversion. If the contribution of such fast processes is significant, detonation regimes that differ from the standard Zel'dovich–Neumann–Döring regime are obtained. The wave profiles qualitatively coincide with those obtained for some explosives by Utkin et al. The modeling confirms the importance of fast processes in the wave front.

Propagation of a detonation wave in a plane channel filled by a gas suspension of fine aluminum particles and inert particles in oxygen is studied. Heterogeneous detonation of aluminum particles in oxygen propagates in the Chapman–Jouguet regime. Two types of the flow resulting from detonation interaction with a cloud of particles are found: continuous propagation with a smaller detonation velocity and flow with detonation failure. The influence of physical and spatial parameters of the inert component of the cloud on these regimes is found, including the mechanism of suppression of heterogeneous detonation, which means separation of the ignition and combustion wave from the leading shock front. Dependences of the velocity deficit on the mass fraction and size of inert particles are determined.

The applied pressure resulting in an explosion in the case of shock-induced shear is demonstrated to depend on the shear area [area of the contact of the high explosive (HE) with the metal surface]. The dependence of the probability of an explosion of the HE (phlegmatized HMX and PETN) compressed between two steel plates (end faces of two rollers) on the applied pressure and the contact area of the HE with the upper roller is confirmed in experiments on sensitivity to friction under shock-induced shear. The upper roller is shifted by 1.5 mm. It is demonstrated that an increase in the area of the shock-pressed HE contact with the roller increases the probability of the HE explosion under shock-induced shear of the upper roller at identical pressures applied to the HE. A scale factor of the influence of the HE/roller surface contact area on the pressure at which the HE explosion occurs under shock-induced shear of the surface contacting the HE is found. It is shown by statistical methods that the pressure leading to the HE explosion under shock-induced shear of the adjacent steel surface with respect to the HE is distributed in accordance with Weibull's two-parameter law.

In the present research, the phase distribution of the detonation products of emulsion explosives used to prepare nano-MnFe₂O₄ powders by detonation is simulated by a numerical method. The mechanism of nano-MnFe₂O₄ powder synthesis via detonation of emulsion explosives is discussed and explained. The results obtained indicate that FeO and MnO form in the reaction zone before the Chapman–Jouguet detonation state is reached; these oxides react with surplus oxygen in air during the decrease in temperature and pressure, resulting in MnFe₂O₄ generation.

The electrical conductivity of some compositions based on the copper powder under shock compression is measured. The commercial copper powder, mixtures of copper with glass microspheres, and copper–aluminum mixtures are studied. The electrical conductivity is measured by the author's electrocontact technique, which allows the insulator–metal transition to be measured. Dependences of the electrical conductivity of powders on the shock wave pressure are obtained. As for aluminum powders examined previously, this dependence for the copper powder has a nonmonotonic character. The maximum electrical conductivity is ≈ 9 · 10⁴ W^–1 · cm^–1. With a further increase in the shock pressure, the electrical conductivity decreases approximately by an order of magnitude, which is explained by intense temperature heating. The results for the electrical conductivity at high shock pressures is qualitatively consistent with known broad-range models of conductivity proposed by Garanin and Bakulin.

Shock loading of natural pyroxenite samples and synthetic pyroxene samples sintered from a mixture of oxides with stoichiometry Mg_0.9Fe_0.1SiO₃ was investigated. X-ray analysis of the recovered material was performed. Particle velocity profiles recorded by laser interferometry indicate the existence of a phase transition at a pressure of ≈ 60 GPa. At this pressure, the Lagrangian sound velocity in the shock-loaded samples of natural pyroxenite is 13.9 km/s. From an evaluation of the compression, the Eulerian sound velocity is 9.4 km/s.

The anti-penetration performance of two-layer explosively welded steel/aluminum plates 5 mm thick impacted by a spherical steel projectile 6 mm in diameter with a velocity of 260–900 m/s is studied in this paper. The effects of the thickness distribution and the incident angle on the anti-penetration performance and damage mechanism are analyzed. At incidence angles of 0–60 ^oC, the minimum projectile velocity is needed for penetration at the steel/aluminum thickness ratio equal to 2/3. The good coherence of numerical and experimental results indicates that the finite-element method coupled with the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method can predict the anti-penetration performance of two-layer explosively welded plates well.

The purpose of this study was to identify the features of methylation status of genes whose products are involved in the cell proliferation in vascular tissues of patients with atherosclerosis. We tested the vascular samples from carotid arteries, internal mammary arteries and saphenous veins, which differ in their morphological and functional characteristics and the degree of susceptibility to pathology. DNA methylation profiling was performed by using the microarray «Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChip» («Illumina», USA), methylation-sensitive polymerase chain reaction and methylation-specific PCR. For the first time we identified 45 CpG-sites of 36 genes with differential DNA methylation between vascular tissues. The most pronounced differences in the DNA methylation level were registered for CpG-dinucleotides of genes ALOX12, CARD11, DAB2IP, PTPRC, RASIP1, THRB, TLR4, TNFRSF9 and WNT16 . Our data do not support the hypothesis of epigenetic dysregulation of cell-cycle genes ( CDKN2A (p16INK4a and p14ARF), CDKN2B (p15INK4b)) in atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Aging of the world population attracts attention to the elucidation of etiology factors triggering development of age-dependent systemic pathologies including atherosclerosis. We assessed the dynamics of lipid parameters changing and their gender differences in people aged 45 years and over. METHODS. Total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and relative content of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) in blood serum were measured by means of spectral analyzer and electrophoresis on acetate plates in 1650 patients (1167 women, 483 men) aged 45 yrs and over. The prevalence of dyslipidaemias was estimated by standard statistic methods. RESULTS. In age period over 75 yrs the frequency of dyslipidaemias decreased from 81.0 % to 36,4 %. The most significant decrease concerned combined dyslipidaemia (CD) (4 times) and triglyceridemia (2 times). CD lowering in men observed through the age range of 45–90 yrs, in women – from 75 yrs and over. Frequency of hypercholesterolemia in men increased during 60-90 yrs and decreased in women in the period 45-75 yrs. In CD the relative increase of both VLDL and LDL was observed but the VLDL content elevation is associated with high mortality. CONCLUSION: Frequency of elevated TG and VLDL content in sera significantly decreased in men aged 60 yrs and over and in women aged 75 yrs and over.

The study was aimed at assessing the prognostic value of microalbuminuria for inhospital events prediction in CAD patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). The course of perioperative period in 719 patients undergoing CABG in the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases between March, 2011 and April, 2012 was evaluated. All the patients had creatinine concentrations, glomerular filtration rate (GFR by MDRD) and daily urine microalbumin levels measured before CABG and at day 7 after CABG. Major event rates were assessed (myocardial infarction, stroke or transient ischemic attack, acute or decompensated chronic renal failure or remediastinotomy) during the hospital stay. The EuroSCORE was calculated for each patient. Different EuroSCORE risk patients had similar serum creatinine levels while microalbumin concentrations in daily urine were significantly higher in moderate and high EuroSCORE risk groups before the surgery as compared to low-risk patients. Patients who experienced postoperative events had significantly higher microalbuminuria both before and after surgery while there were no differences in such renal dysfunction markers as creatinine and GFR. Preoperative microalbuminuria assessment can act as a marker of complicated postoperative period after CABG.

To assess the perioperative dynamics of compliance to the recommendations for the non-drug therapy for patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). 320 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), who had undergone CABG, were enrolled in the study. The questionnaires were used to assess patients’ sociodemographic data, present CAD risk factors, dietary habits, physical activity level, therapy prior to CABG and 1year after. The clinical state of patients was evaluated using medical and outpatient medical record data. The compliance was assessed by the Davydov’s method. During the assessment of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors about half of the patients were suggested to smoke prior to CABG, and only a few of them gave up the habit after surgery. Patients with abdominal obesity increased by 8 % after surgery. The number of patients, who had changed diet and engagement in physical training, did not differ. Patients did not achieve an adequate level of cholesterol, glucose and blood pressure in 1 year after revascularization. The level of compliance, assessed by Davydov’s questionnaire, did not change after 1 year. Inadequate compliance of the recommendations by patients, who had undergone CABG, was reported.

A survey and follow- up of 120 patients with Stage 1–2 stage, grade 1–2. Rated isolated and combined effects of pulsed electro transtserebralnoy and sodium chloride baths on lipid metabolism. Have shown that patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia to non-drug correction justified Course assignment transtserebralnoy pulse electrotherapy and sodium chloride baths. In the presence of dyslipidemia in patients with arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, with the presence of low-density lipoprotein, as a non-pharmacological treatment is advisable to use sessions transtserebralnoy pulse electrotherapy. For correction of dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia, justified the combined exchange application transtserebralnoy, pulse electrotherapy and sodium chloride baths, allowing for a personalized approach to drug-free correction of lipid metabolism in patients with hypertension.

In the review show the functions of high-density lipoprotein, is not related to the exchangeof lipids within them. The results own research, as well as literary evidenced of the important regulatory role. Regulatory effect of HDL is closely related to their antiatherogenic properties. However, it should be noted that the mechanism of action of antiatherogenic HDL is not limited to a “reverse” transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver, it is determined by many other factors, all of which is important not only in the context of defense against atherosclerosis, but also in the protective role of HDL in a broader sense. The data show that HDL has an important antiinflammatory effect, have antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties, regulate vascular tone and anticoagulant activity, act as antimicrobial and antiviral agents. Due to the urgency of the problem of atherosclerosis in the emphasis that understanding the molecular mechanisms of the regulatory properties of HDL opens up new prospects for the development of more effective treatments for this disease. New treatment strategies should include the development of promising therapeutic approaches that modulate HDL metabolism, which would increase their levels in the blood and improve the “reverse” cholesterol transport. This review deals with, in our opinion, the two most promising areas – is the creation and use of recombinant HDL or reconstructed, as well as peptide-mimetics of apolipoprotein A-I

The specific features of the development of atherosclerosis in women and determinants of subclinical changes of carotid artery are less investigated than in men. The purpose of review is to summarize the findings from published studies of the association between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in women. We performed a systematic PubMed literature search for 20 years (1993–2012) on this subject (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed). In addition, some early published major studies were included in the review. Despite heterogeneity of the results presented in literature, their analysis showed specific features of the associations between CIMT and CVD risk factors in women. For instance, weak association was revealed between CIMT and age in women under 50 years old and the faster annual progression of CIMT was shown at older age compared to men. Hypertension and blood pressure (predominantly systolic) are associated with CIMT increase similarly in men and women. Direct association between CIMT and obesity was also shown in both sexes. The higher prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome was reported among women in menopausal age than in men, but we failed to find out the evidence of different associations between these factors and CIMT in men and women in available literature. Specific associations was found with dyslipidemia, namely, the different impact of triglycerides level on CIMT in women depending on menstrual status and age. The smoking was associated with CIMT, and in women above 45 years old smoking was the most powerful predictor of atherosclerosis independently from menstrual status and age. Sex-specific effect of genetic factors and new biomarkers on the development of subclinical atherosclerosis was observed although the data accumulated in this area are controversial and require further research. The understanding of female peculiarities in the determination of carotid intima-media thickening might improve the efficiency of atherosclerosis prevention at early stage.

This review presents the current state of metabolic cardiomyopathy problem. The questions of terminology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, staging flow diagnostics, including electrocardiography, echocardiography and phonocardiography, and treatment of disease are discussed.

The present review is devoted to the analysis of the properties of sulfated polysaccharides from brown algae that determine their applicability in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. These compounds have antilipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory effect. Sulfated polysaccharides are structurally diverse and heterogeneous, which makes studies of their structures challenging, and may also have hindered their development as therapeutic agents to date. The production of a standardized commercial product based on algal sulfated polysaccharide constituents will be a challenge since their structural and pharmacological features may vary depending on species and on location and time of harvest. In this regard, currently sulfated polysaccharides are used as parapharmaceutical agents in combination with the main treatment.

By a single crystal X‑ray diffraction study the molecular structure of 3,7-dimethyl-9-thia-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-9,9-dioxide having a chair-chair conformation with a diequatorial arrangement of methyl groups at nitrogen atoms is determined. Compound 1 C₈H₁₆N₂O₂S crystallizes in the space group Pnma with the following cell parameters: a = 11.0262(3) Å, b = 14.4490(3) Å, c = 6.1780(3) Å.

The molecular structure of 5-[(triphenylphosphoranylidene)hydrazono]-exo-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0^2.6]decane-4-one is determined. The C₂₇H₂₆N₃OP compound crystallizes in the space group P-1: a = 9.2163(9) Å, b = 11.1102(11) Å, c = 11.9397(12) Å, α = 74.284(2)°, β = 78.532(2)°, γ = 72.004(2)°.

The salt (η⁵-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl){bis(pentafluorophenyl)thiomethylphenylphosphine-κ₂S,P)chloroiridium(III) tetrafluoroborate, [(η⁵-C₅Me₅)IrCl{κ₂S,P-(C₆F₅)₂PC₆H₄SMe-2}]BF₄, crystallizes as a conglomerate in the orthorhombic crystal system in space group P2₁2₁2₁ with unit cell parameters a = 9.9621(9) Å, b = 16.7793(15) Å, c = 18.5040(16) Å, V = 3093.1(5) ų, Z = 4, d_calc = 2.014 g⋅cm^–3. The structure of the S_Ir, S_S stereoisomer reveals three-legged piano stool geometry about Ir, with Cp*—Ir, Ir—P, Ir—S and Ir—Cl distances of 1.847(5), 2.2791(14), 2.3451(13) and 2.3840(12) Å respectively.

Reaction of cobalt hydroxide with the α,ω-dicarboxylic acid and 1,12-dodecanedioic acid under ambient conditions results in the formation of a trihydrate Co(C₁₂H₂₀O₄)(H₂O)₃ (1). Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallise in the orthorhombic space group Pccn with cell parameters a = 40.2343(7) Å, b = 8.1519(1) Å, c = 9.1011(2) Å. The structure has a very pronounced two dimensional character, with a separation of hydrophobic n-alkyl chains from the carboxylate groups, the Co²⁺ cations and the water of crystallisation. The structure is discussed in respect of the structures of other known compositionally related compounds, including the dihydrate Co(C₁₂H₂₀O₄)(H₂O)₂.