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Contemporary Problems of Ecology

2014 year, number 4

Cytogenetic Abnormalities of an Aquatic plant Elodea Canadensis in the Zone of Anthropogenic Contamination of the Yenisei River

M. Yu. MEDVEDEVA, A. Ya. BOLSUNOVSKY, T. A. ZOTINA
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok
Keywords: Elodea сanаdensis, artificial radionuclides, bottom sediments, chromosome aberrations, genotoxicity

Abstract

Chromosomal abnormalities in ana-telophase cells of apical root meristem of the aquatic plant Еlodea сanadensis (elodea), sampled in 2011-2012 in the Yenisei River at a site with background level of contamination and at several sites on the stretch contaminated with artificial radionuclides, and with chemical pollutants from municipal and industrial discharges of the Krasnoyarsk city were studied. Lowest rate (5.2 %) of cells with chromosome abnormalities was registered at sampling site with background level of contamination upstream of the Krasnoyarsk, highest rate of cells with abnormalities (39.7 %) was registered in roots of elodea sampled in bottom sediments with highest concentration of 137Cs. Sum of rates of cells with cytogenetic abnormalities and rates of cells with different types of abnormalities positively correlated with total concentration of artificial and natural radionuclides, with concentration of artificial radionuclides and 137Cs in bottom sediments of the Yenisei River ( r 2 = 0.91–0.96, p < 0.0005 for sum of rates of cells with cytogenetic abnormalities; r 2 = 0.58–0.92, p < 0.05 for different types of abnormalities).