Biological Invasion of the Lime Leafminer Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in Europe
I. V. ERMOLAEV
Nechkinskii Nationаl Park, 427413, Republic of Udmurtia, Novyi twp.
Keywords: Phyllonorycter issikii, Tilia, lime leafminer, invasion
Abstract
This review article covers the history of invasion of the Lime leaf miner in Europe and European Russia. It observes forage plants, entomophages of the miner and specifics of the development cycle. Biocenotic mechanisms and ecological consequences of invasion are also analyzed in the article. Practical recommendations on work with the miner outbreaks are elaborated.
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