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Contemporary Problems of Ecology

2003 year, number 5

Spatial Organization of the Middle Urals Bird Population

S. G. LIVANOV
Pages: 625–636

Abstract

A multidimensional factor analysis of bird censuses in 31 habitats of the Middle Urals (from Primary fir-spruce forests to urban residential areas) was carried out. By the results of studies, graphs of spatial typological structure of bird population for the 1st and the 2nd half of summer and winter were drawn, and a multiple estimation of the force of constraint between the ornithocomplexes and the environmental factors was carried out. A comparison of the graphs demonstrated that in all the seasons the spatial non-uniformity of bird population was due to changes of the environment with respect to forestation, building, increase of influence of the surrounding landscape concomitant with simplification of architectonics, to decrease of food resources of the habitats and increase of man-caused activities on the whole. In summer, a considerable role is played by water content, heightening of temperature in water body, and in the first half also by the increase of industrial influence. The spatial organization of ornithocomplexes in the 1st half of summer is accounted for at 90 % by 27 natural