Home – Home – Jornals – Journal of Mining Sciences 2024 number 5

The SO₂ - CO₂ line profile parameters are important to study the carbon dioxide atmospheres of terrestrial planets (Venus, Mars) and exoplanets. The carbon-dioxide shift coefficients of sulfur dioxide lines in ν₁ + ν₃ band are calculated at room temperature; the rotational quantum numbers J varies from 0 to 100 and K_a varies from 0 to 20. Calculations were made using a semi-empirical method, which includes a correction factor with adjustable parameters depending on the rotational quantum numbers. The calculated shift coefficients are in a good agreement with few published data.

Absorption by carbon monoxide in a mixture with argon is considered on the basis of the asymptotic line wing theory. Line contour parameters, related to the quantum potential of intermolecular interaction describing absorption in the short-wavelength wing of the CO rotational band have been found. This contour is used for describing continuum absorption within the longwave wing of the CO rotational band, leading to agreement with experiment. Thus, the line contour obtained can be applied for estimation of the CO continuum absorption within the CO rotational band.

The parameters of the spectral model of small-scale turbulence are the most important characteristics used to describe the propagation of light and sound in the atmosphere. One of the determining factors affecting the spectral composition of turbulence is the stratification regime. Based on the processing of time series of fluctuations of meteorological parameters recorded by acoustic weather stations, the effect of stratification of the surface air layer on the deviations of the turbulence spectrum from the Kolmogorov-Obukhov model is investigated. When comparing the time dynamics of the stability characteristic (Monin-Obukhov number) and the index of the power model of the spectrum of temperature fluctuations, a significant correlation between them is established. An empirical model of the dependence of the spectrum index on the stability parameter is proposed. The model makes it possible to estimate changes in the parameters of the spectral structure of small-scale turbulence based on estimates of the magnitude and direction of turbulent heat and momentum fluxes. The dependence reflects the features of generation of temperature turbulence with different stratification in the surface layer. Information on turbulent spectral parameters obtained on the basis of estimation of stratification can be further used to solve problems of propagation, of optical and acoustic as well as sounding of the atmosphere.

Atmospheric aerosols have a significant impact on air quality, climate, and human health. The comparison of gaseous impurity and ionic composition monitoring data in the surface atmosphere over Antwerp and Beijing showed that the hygroscopicity level of dense haze particles over Beijing in winter is determined by the depth of heterogeneous reactions of sulfate and nitrate formation. The paper discusses the dynamics and mechanisms of these non-photochemical processes, as well as the features of their coupling in a haze-polluted atmosphere. Their rapid occurrence in particles in combination with the absorption of water vapor from the air causes abnormally high mass concentrations of aerosol and their variability during the haze period over Beijing. The results are necessary for forecasting the occurrence of dense hazes, as well as for constructing models of transfer of gas and aerosol microimpurities in the atmosphere.

The paper investigates the generation of THz radiation in the filamentation process. The possibility of increasing the generation efficiency of terahertz (THz) radiation in a single-color filamentation mode excited in air by laser beams with necklace amplitude profile is considered. A stationary model of THz radiation generation is proposed, which allows us to study the dependence of conversion efficiency on the amplitude profiling of pump beams. It is shown that the partitioning of radiation over subapertures allows controlling the energy of THz radiation. The optimal class of gorget beams is found by the genetic algorithm method. The results of this work are important for the development of technologies for remote generation of THz radiation in gaseous media.

The ongoing global warming leads to the need for continuous monitoring of greenhouse gas concentrations and the magnitude of their fluxes. Gas exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere is mainly measured using eddy covariance, gradient, and chamber methods. This work compares greenhouse gas fluxes measured using the airborne eddy covariance technique and by means of the gas analysis system and meteorological sensors at the ZOTTO observatory. A description of instrument suites of the aircraft laboratory and observatory is presented. The comparison results showed that CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes measured by two different methods at the same altitudes coincide in sign, are close to each other in value for carbon dioxide, and differ by up to 2 times for methane. The results are of interest to specialists who study greenhouse gas fluxes using the eddy covariance method.

The paper presents the results of lidar measurements of the vertical ozone distribution in the lower stratosphere - upper troposphere at the Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) of V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, over Tomsk in 2023. The annual variation in the vertical ozone distribution and the increased ozone content in the lower stratosphere - upper troposphere recorded in March 2023 are shown. It is assumed that the event of high ozone content in the lower stratosphere - upper troposphere on March 9 was caused by a rather rare process of stratospheric - tropospheric transfer of an air mass through the tropopause.

The study of internal gravity waves (IGWs) generated in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) under stable temperature stratification and the mechanisms of interaction of IGW with wind turbulence are important for understanding the dynamic processes in the atmosphere and improving the algorithms of ABL numerical modeling and weather forecasts. This work is devoted to the study of wave structures and turbulence in stable ABL using the data of our experiments conducted in 2023. In these experiments, two pulsed coherent Doppler lidars (PCDL) horizontally spaced 3250 m apart were simultaneously used. The analysis of the experimental results has shown that from the measurements of two PCDLs it is possible to determine the time shift of the moments of passage of the leading edge of an atmospheric wave through the lidar locations, which is used to determine the propagation velocity of the atmospheric wave. For the first time in our lidar experiments, the case of atmospheric wave propagation in the layer at altitudes from 200 m to 1 km with a maximum amplitude of quasi-harmonic oscillations of the vertical component of the wind speed vector of about 4 m/s (at an altitude of 400 m) was revealed. It is established that due to the transfer of energy from an atmospheric wave to small-scale wind fluctuations, it is possible to increase the turbulent energy dissipation rate by four orders of magnitude in just a few tens of minutes.

A system has been created for numerical prediction of concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere and their deposition to the ground using the Chimere chemical transport model, which takes into account emissions from stationary, emergency, and mobile sources. The forecast of meteorological fields was carried out using the regional high-resolution non-hydrostatic atmospheric model WRF-ARW. The system is fully automated, which allows it to be used as a tool for quickly obtaining operational information in the work of situation centers and decision-making centers in the cases of industrial, natural, and man-made emergencies. The results of testing the system showed its operability, the possibility of using it in operational and research work, as well as in scenarios of development of emergency situations anywhere in the country and implementation of measures to assess and eliminate the consequences of accidents. The first results of the calculation of atmospheric pollution with the system are presented. They can be considered as test. To obtain statistically reliable results, it is necessary to have longer series of measurements of atmospheric pollution concentrations and of higher resolution.

Cirrus clouds play an important role in formation of the climate of our planet, as far as they influence its radiation balance. Their study requires solving the problem of interpreting atmospheric laser sounding data, which is solved differently for clouds consisting of randomly oriented ice crystals and clouds containing layers of horizontally oriented crystals. In this article, within the framework of the physical optics method, light backscattering properties for horizontally oriented ice particles of cirrus clouds of the “plate”, “column” and “hollow column” type were numerically simulated. Simulations were carried out for particles ranging in size from 10 to 316 µm for wavelengths of 0.532 and 1.064 mm with refractive indexes for ice of 1.3116 + i 1.48 × 10^-9 and 1.3004 + i 1.9 × 10^-6. The solution was obtained for typical lidar tilt angles of 0, 0.3, 3, and 5°. The results are of interest for developing an optical model of cirrus clouds for interpreting atmospheric laser sounding data in case of cirrus clouds containing this types of particles.

The article presents statistics on the distribution of aerosol particles during the summer vegetation and winter dormancy of woody plants at the size Fonovaya observatory of the IAO SB RAS (Tomsk Region) from July 1, 2022, to June 30, 2023. The analysis of the ratios of aerosol fractions revealed a paradoxical situation, where the count concentration of aerosol particles 0.3-2.0 mm diameter turned out to be significantly higher in winter than in summer. A phenomenological model is suggested which describes this effect as a manifestation of the action of radiometric forces.

The main results of investigations of energy and time characteristics of laser pulse transmission in the range from 0.36 to 1.55 mm along horizontal and inclined mountain paths with lengths from 0.05 to 8.5 km at altitudes from 1100 to 2100 m at ILP SB RAS research site “Kaitanak" in the Altai Mountains are presented. The characteristics of optical interference in the UV- A range at different altitudes were measured. Experimental estimates of optical signals reception in the range of 0.36 mm and 0.45 mm by UAVs at a distance of up to 1.5 km from ground-based laser emitters are obtained. The parameters of retroreflectors for laser signals after operation for several years at remote mountain posts are given. The totality of the obtained characteristics opens new possibilities of building laser environmental monitoring systems for remote control of dangerous deformations of mountain slopes and rockfalls, snow accumulation, and occurrence of fires, storms, etc.

This article commemorates a double jubilee date on February 8, 2024-the 300th anniversary of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the 80th anniversary of the Institute of Mining SB RAS. The author reviews the research and findings of the Institute’s scientists over the last 10-15 years in the area of mathematical modeling and numerical solution of present-day problems in geomechanics.

Wind transport of an air-borne dust cloud in the atmospheric boundary layer in the neighborhood area of a surface mine is analyzed by numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations in their full form for a compressible liquid and in a subsonic flow approximation. The dust source is a large-scale blast at a total mass of ~ 100 g of TNT at a depth of 250 m in the pitwall rock mass. The calculations take into account a portion of dust raised above ground surface by blasting. The size of the surface areas of air-borne dust concentrations above maximal allowable values is estimated. The relationship of this size and the wind direction-pitwall angle α is analyzed. The maximal distance between the pitwall and the area of dust concentration above MAV is 3 km. The exposure duration at the fixed point on ground surface is independent of the angle α and ranges from a few minutes at a distance of 500 m from the blast center to a dozen minutes at a distance of 3 km.

The author discusses the deformation kinematics method using the concept of displacement of material planes in a medium. Displacements of planes can be described by two vector fields of displacement or, by way of alternative, by one tensor field which is a field of relative displacement of planes. This is an asymmetric tensor, and its components are uncorrelated by Saint-Venant’s compatibility conditions. This approach recovers an “equality” between the kinematic-based and force-based descriptions of deformation in a medium. The adopted notion of stresses relates to the forces that affect planes inside a body, and the notion of deformation relates to the change of distances between pairs of points. The article gives a case-study of modeling an initially isotropic geomedium using this approach.

Experimental research determined the concentration zones of seismic events and their sources in operating Taimyr Mine. The features of formation and spreading of these zones are assessed. The influence of mined-out void volume on total energy of seismic events before and after flooding and dewatering of mines is analyzed, which allows predicting the level of seismic hazard during further mining.

The ore drawing procedure of the synchronous filling shrinkage mining method is simulated using PFC software. Isolation layer thickness A, isolation layer interface friction factor B , ore particle friction factor C, particle radius D and wall friction factor E are chosen as the five influencing factors of the orthogonal test, along with the characteristics of the orthogonal test and force chain parameters. The findings demonstrate that the primary and secondary order of each factor impact on the orthogonal test index is D>C>A>E>B. The best test configuration was A₁ B₂ C₃ D₃ E₃, with the relevant factors being thickness 0.003 m, isolation layer interface friction factor 0.5, particle friction factor 0.8, particle radius 0.008 m and wall friction factor 0.8.

The article describes inertial impact fracture of geomaterials using a rotary hammer drill. The capabilities of the tool in underground large-hole drilling are discussed. The authors present the procedure and results of the lab-scale testing of influence exerted by different combinations of rotational and linear path velocities of the rotary hammer drill on the strength of current taken by working tools and on the shock vibration velocity of supporting members of the rotary hammer drill. The rational ranges of these velocities, such as the process of fracture runs at the least energy input and minimum impact on the working tools, are determined.

The experimental research assessed the influence exerted by the parameters of cutting process and cutting tool on the loads in cutting hard inclusions in rocks. It is found the in central cutting of hard inclusions, the maximal loads on a cutting pick depend on the width and depth of a cut, and on the cutting pattern, and are independent of the cutting velocity. The increase in the width of the cutting point of a cutting pick contributes to an increase in the peak and average-peak forces of cutting and feed, while the lateral loads in cutting hard inclusions by cutting picks with a flat face depend only on the depth of cut. The peak feed forces essentially depend on the shape of the cutting point of a cutting pick, and the cutting force depend on the angle of cutting. The decrease in the wedge angle of the face of a cutting pick reduces the peak forces of cutting and feed, while the lateral loads increase.

To increase the efficiency of gas extraction drilling in coal seams, screw drilling tools used in petroleum-related operations were introduced instead of common bottom-hole combination drilling tools. According to the Box-Behnken experimental design principle, the significance of three main construction factors on the drilling efficiency is: the flow rate > pump pressure > feed force. The optimized drilling parameters were used to conduct a field test in Wangzhuang coal mine of Shanxi Lu’an Group. The results showed that the drilling efficiency of screw drilling increased by 39.08% and the drilling slag discharge increased by 48.28% compared with the conventional rotary drilling technique, which significantly improved the construction efficiency of coal seam drilling and is expected to reduce the gas treatment cycle and cost of coal seams to a significant extent.

The authors have revealed and compared the internal and external parameters that form a multi-element loop system (dimension chain) of a roller cone drill bit. The article presents procedures for the probability calculation of a dimension chain of the tool dimeter, calculation of the tool diameter error because of the rotation of the cone drill bit on the bit leg, and for the calculation of eccentricity error of gage cones relative to the axis of the fitting thread for three- and four-cone drill bits. It is recommended to revise the values of dimensional tolerance for roller cone drill bits and to amend related normative and technical documentation.

The article reports the research of composition and properties of loparite concentration tailings at the Umbozero plant closed in 1999. During the research, samples of tailings were taken in the surface layer and at depth, using the method of cutting ring. The geological and engineering properties of the tailings were investigated, and the sizing, chemical, X-ray phase and radionuclide analyses were performed. The research revealed heterogeneity in material constitution and properties of the test tailings. The mineral composition of the tailings is dominated by nepheline, and by K and Na feldspars. Loparite is detected by the X-ray phase analysis at one of the four test sites of the tailings pond, and its content increases in the fine fraction. The analysis of radionuclides shows the presence of radium and thorium in the test concentration tailings.

The research focuses on usability of tailings from the Talmovskie Peski and Ursk dumps in the Kemerovo Region as a manmade source of barite after suitable recovery and processing. Mineralogical, geochemical and typomorphic characteristics of barite are assessed from morphology, mineral associations, content and grain size distribution. The technological studies are accomplished, and barite concentrates are obtained from the test tailings by gravity separation and flotation. The concentrates are assessed with respect to barite content with a view to using the concentrates as a weighting material as per the USSR State Standard GOST 4682-84. The barite recovery potential of tailings from the Talmovskie Peski and Ursk dumps is evaluated.

The authors analyze convection-induced stratification of air flows in an inclined drift with an intense heat emission source. The research methodology included 3D numerical modeling of nonstationary aero-thermodynamic processes in an inclined drift and in an adjoint horizontal drift. The article describes three possible scenarios of convection-induced air flow stratification in an inclined drift depending on heat emission intensity. The dependence of the critical heat rate of the heating source on the initial depression and incline of the drift is determined. The pressure difference-mass air flow relationship in the inclined drift is analyzed at different heat emission intensities using the 3D numerical model and a 1D network model. Description of underground mine fires using 1D models requires empirical relationships of air drag, average air density and air flow rate.

The articles describes the studies of influence exerted by operation of a jet fan installed on a shearer on air drag and on methane and coal dust concentrations in a longwall. The investigation used ANSYS Fluent and field data from coal mines in Kuzbass. The object of study was dust and gas/air mixtures in extra-long panels with a length of 400 m and at mineable coal seam thickness of 2.4 and 3.7 m. It is found that jet fans can decrease air drag in such longwalls by 35%, which enables decreasing the air feed in the longwall by 24% without increasing the main fan capacity. The air flow generated by a jet fan eliminates dead methane-air zones nearby an operating shearer and decreases coal dust concentration at work places of shearer’s operators by 13.8-36.7%.

The authors address a relevant problem connected with digital transformation of the mining industry toward import substitution and creation of a barrierless technology to operate digital data and models of objects of a mining technology with a view to solving tasks in geology, surveying and engineering. An important component of a barrierless technology is a single virtual digital space for the database translation when using program products based on different object models. Such technology is implementable through formation of a digital platform containing a basic function to operate object models in digital space and API-functions to integrate the created tools into this digital space. The requirements of the digital platform are to the largest degree met by the program products of mining and geological information systems. In the digital space of such systems, 3D modeling is performed and basic mining and geological problems are solved. The article formulates the main functionality standards of such digital platform and describes the current situation in creation of the platform using the mining and geological information system (MGIS) MINEFRAME at the Mining Institute, KSC RAS, and at MINEFRAME Laboratory LLC.

The article presents an analysis procedure for remote sensing imagery for monitoring ground surface objects. The studies on development of an algorithm for identifying mining waste disposal facilities on ground surface are described. The source data were Sentinel-2 and Landsat 5-8 images of the southern area in the Russian Far East. Using Earth Engine platform, the vegetation index is calculated for each pixel using the function of normal distance, and the test area is generated using a standard tool. Pixels were converted to square units using the reduce() method. The proposed procedure is of current interest in monitoring various objects (tailings ponds, surface mines, waste dumps, etc.) at different stages of development.

It is found that zeolite-bearing rocks from the Khola deposit can be dressed toward manufacture of high-quality sorbents to remove impurities from waste and recirculated water, and the relevant processing circuit is proposed. The mineral composition of the Khola zeolite-bearing rocks is described, and their electromagnetic and electrostatic separation results are reported. The layout of a continuous adsorption plant using zeolite-bearing rocks is developed. The sorption capacity of original and dressed zeolite-bearing rocks from the Khola deposit is tested in model solutions. The test data of arsenic adsorption using zeolite-bearing rocks are presented. The efficiency of zeolite-bearing rocks in removal of arsenic, fluorine, zinc, lead, nickel and chrome from a model solution of waste water is evaluated and compared. The prospects of using zeolite-bearing rocks in mine waste water treatment and in removal of impurities is assessed. The resultant purification boasts high-value results which ensure the required quality of waste water.

This article describes a method to detect and control low-velocity intercalations in rock mass in neighborhood of tunnels and underground mine workings using calculated phase velocities of surface seismic waves. Initial data are synthetic seismograms from numerical modeling of radially symmetric propagation of seismic waves along a mine working. It is shown that overlapping of a low-velocity heterogeneity in rock mass by a higher velocity layer brings no obstacles to the identification of the heterogeneity by the proposed method. Observations over phase velocities of surface seismic waves make it possible to assess rock mass adjacent to underground structures, which is a relevant result from the practical point of view.

The limitations of traditional methods of rock mass classification are reviewed. A modification is proposed for the Hoek-Brown failure criterion, with the compression strength of rocks presented in an explicit form. An approach to the compression strength assessment is taken on the ground of generalized results obtained by Kim in experiments with model block structures made of equivalent materials. An approach to determination of scale effects on strength, deformation modulus, creep and internal friction angle is described. The constant of creep is introduced, and the correlation dependences are obtained to find the creep constant in four types of rocks. It is found that the ratio of displacement at the boundary of a mine opening to displacements in the plastic strain zone can be approximated by a function of the internal friction angle only. This concept is used to calculate internal friction angles in rocks from the analysis of field measurements. The author puts forward two hypotheses and makes an attempt to substantiate them. Hypothesis A supposes that a scale effect in similar structure rock mass depends on the compression strength, and weaker scale effects are typical of hard and brittle rocks as against softer and plastic rocks. Hypothesis B supposes that time of stress and strain relaxation increases in a larger rock mass volume while the strain rate decreases.

The author calculates initial stress state generated under the action of gravity and temperature which changes linearly with depth in stratified rock mass. It is shown that the dominant influence is exerted on the initial stress distribution by the parameter δ which is a ratio of products of triaxial compression moduli and linear expansion factors of rock layers. In two-layer rock mass, when δ calculated as a ratio of thermomechanical characteristics of the upper and lower layers is higher than one, the temperature effect results that the tensile vertical stresses are induced in the lower layer; when suchwise calculated δ is lower than one, the compressive vertical stresses arise in the lower layer. In case of a great divergence of δ from one, in the lower layer, the initial vertical and horizontal stresses increase jump-wise, and the stress pattern resembles a hydrostatic stress distribution. The author performed mathematical modeling of thermal stress field redistribution during advancing undercut-and-fill operations. The software used in the calculations took into account the backfill sequence. The features of stresses in enclosing rock mass and in backfill were revealed.

The article describes the calculated temporal development of the stress-strain behavior for the tubing support-concrete lining-rock mass using a finished 3D numerical model. The model passed verification with the help of laser scanning data on tubing support in two shafts. The factors of safety are obtained in terms of compressive stresses and strains. The authors make recommendations on using tubing of certain sizes in shafts 7 and 8 m in diameter at different depths.

The framework of the research are Bridgmen’s and Farbman’s models for viscosity of powders. The article reports the uniaxial compression test data for ground materials. The authors give examples of calculation of viscosity for coal, quartz, sandstone and sandy shale.

The shear creep failure mechanism of jointed soft rocks is a critical issue in geotechnical engineering. Using the discrete element method, a numerical model of jointed soft rocks was constructed to simulate shear creep under varying joint roughness, normal stress and shear directions. The effects of multiple factors on the creep deformation of soft rocks were then analyzed. Results indicate that the amount of creep deformation in soft rocks significantly decreases with an increase in joint roughness and with an increase in normal stress. However, the influence of shear direction on creep deformation is relatively minor. This study lays a foundation for further research into the creep behavior of soft rocks.

The article describes experimental studies on water saturation of samples of major rock types typical of Donbass. The alterations of deformation properties of moist rocks are generalized. The procedure of modeling with regard to the effect of flooding on displacement parameters in different rocks is presented. Using laboratory data, a finite-element model of activation of geomechanical processes initiated by rock mass undermining and flooding is constructed. It is found how rock mass lithology influences displacement parameters in flooding of underground roadways in coal mines being closed. The research results can help improve effective regulatory documents on ground surface displacement prediction in coal mining and mine closure through lithological analysis of coal-rock mass.

The article provides a philosophical and methodological analysis of the concept of historical natural science by the American researcher C. Cleland. In her view, natural historical hypotheses, i.e. hypotheses about the past of nature, can be empirically proven or refuted, but the character of such empirical evidence differs significantly from repeated experimental verifications or falsifications. To clarify her position, Cleland uses the notion of “asymmetry of overdetermination”. The metaphysical meaning of the “asymmetry of overdetermination” in the discussed concept is that events in nature develop from one “root” towards constant branching. In turn, the epistemological meaning of this notion is expressed in the fact that, relying on metaphysical ideas about the temporal asymmetry of nature, natural historians should search for a common cause of events through finding “strong evidence” left behind - “smoking guns”, i.e. evidence that will allow a clear choice to be made between competing hypotheses

This paper begins a series of articles focused on the problem of digital transformation of organizations. Analyzing the role and importance of key information and communication technologies and consequences of their application in the digital transformation of organizations, the authors conclude that the emergence of economic actors with a new organizational structure is expected in the near future. And since it is necessary to be ready for this now, the problem is posed of describing the features of the expected new structure and determining what will be required for the successful functioning of organizations of this structure both in terms of methodological support and in terms of their technological support. It is clear that readiness for the emergence of economic actors with a new economic structure requires a good knowledge of the current state of the problem of digital transformation of participants in economic relations. In the first part of the article, this problem is considered regarding the object component of economic actors. Its second part will present the results of the analysis of the problem of digitalization regarding the subject component of economic actors, as well as the analysis of what organizational structures of organizations currently exist, how and with what tools their digital transformation is carried out, why they are not adequate to the new organizational structure, where everything is going and what everything can come to. The following articles (after these two parts) will deal with the discussion of methodological and technological issues of the approach proposed by the authors to solving the problem of digital transformation of economic actors.

The article recognizes the ever-increasing costs of digital transformation and notes that the role of philosophy and other social sciences is to justify and develop optimal and safe paths of digital transformation. It is emphasized that the information revolution equips scientists working in the field of contemporary natural science with a new super-efficient methodology capable of leading to epochal discoveries in physics, chemistry, biology, geology and medicine. The criteria for defining the concept of “information society” are presented, and the history of the emergence and development of the information society as a stage of post-industrial society is outlined. The definition of digitalization is given, its history is traced, starting from the discovery of counting, the emergence of the numbers 1 and 0 and the work of the founder of digital transformation Pythagoras of Samos; the views of Plato are mentioned, who believed that “the practice of counting” is a perfect example of “awakening thought”. The article presents the events of all five eras of digitalization - from the pre-Internet era to the era of artificial intelligence. The methodological status of digitalization is considered from the point of view of the philosophical theory of knowledge, the stages of development of science are given. It is noted that digital transformation has greatly contributed to the progress of science communication. A brief history and analysis of the current state of science communication are presented. The problem of changing the content of the concept of “scientific subject” is considered, and the emergence of crowdsourcing as part of the paradigm of new open science is noted. The topical issues that digitalization and the information society have posed to contemporary science are formulated.

Cognitive studies of music have a long history. Thoughts that are consonant with today’s ideas were expressed by G.W. Leibniz in the early 18th century, reconsidered by A. Schopenhauer and got a new impetus after the so-called cognitive revolution, when everything related to cognition was agreed to be understood as the processing of symbols according to rules. People use symbols to record natural speech, which is the main means of information exchange, to operate with quantities and to store musical ideas, but the rules of these symbolic systems differ significantly. That is why within the framework of the classical cognitive approach, the point of view presented in the works of F. Lerdahl and R. Jackendoff prevailed, according to which the talk about the semantics of music in a traditional sense is not relevant, although some neurophysiological data indicate at least a mutual overlap of the “speech” and “musical” regions of the brain. This approach was based on the classical understanding of computation as a rule-based manipulation of symbols. At the current stage of development of cognitive sciences, such an understanding is clearly insufficient. One must distinguish between natural computations and their representations in conscious operations and human communication. The approach, now known as predictive coding, offers a kind of “soft” understanding of computation as any transformation of information, defining the latter (following C. Shannon) as anything that reduces uncertainty. Using Bayesian probabilistic methods, proponents of this concept show possible ways to resolve some paradoxes in neurophysiological data regarding the processing of musical information by the brain.,

The article formulates preliminary critical remarks on the reading of L. Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and understanding of the rule-following problem proposed by G. Priest in the context of the limits of expressibility at the limits of thought. In the introductory and first sections, we briefly explicate Priest’s position and provide examples of the limits of expressibility both proposed by Priest and our own. The second section formulates the “doctrine” of the inexpressible in the Tractatus in the context of a determined and traditional reading of this Wittgenstein’s work. In the last section, we offer criticism of the relevance of Priest’s reading of the Tractatus and his understanding of the rule-following problem.