M.V. Tarasenkov, V.V. Belov, E.S. Poznakharev
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: atmosphere, scattered laser radiation, NLOS optical communication, visible and UV wavelength regions, unmanned aerial vehicle
A model of an optical communication atmospheric channel on scattered radiation between the ground surface and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is considered. Changes in the useful signal attenuation, the minimum energy per source pulse providing the stable link, and the maximum information transfer rate versus the optical and geometrical conditions of forming the communication channel are estimated. Based on the results, recommendations are formulated for the choice of optimal schemes of optical communication systems on scattered radiation with UAV.
Yu.V. Kistenev1,2, A. Cuisset3, O.A. Romanovskii2, A.V. Zherdeva1
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:272:"1National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia 2V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia 3Université du Littoral-Cöte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: trace atmospheric gas, “water - atmosphere” interface, laser absorption spectroscopy, IR spectral range
Trace atmospheric gases (TAGs) emitted by the Earth's water surface significantly impact the chemical processes in the atmosphere, weather formation, and the global climate change. The main TAGs emitted from the ocean surface and wetlands are described and analyzed. The laser absorption spectroscopy technique for local/remote gas-analysis suitable for detection of several TAGs is considered, including cavity-ring down spectroscopy and optical-acoustic spectroscopy. Approaches to the development of laser absorption spectroscopy tools for the control of a large number of TAGs using an optical parametric oscillator as a tunable laser source are considered, as well as examples of their implementations.
R.Sh. Tsvyk, N.A. Vostretsov
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: fluctuation, scattered radiation, focused beam, spectrum, rain, drizzle, fog, haze, turbulence
The results of experimental studies of the spectra of fluctuations of the scattered radiation intensity of a laser beam propagating through the surface atmosphere in rains, drizzle, haze, and fog are presented. The laser beam radiation was focused at the end of a 130 m path. The intensity fluctuations were measured at a distance of 10 mm from the focal spot, in the region of radiation scattered on the particles in the atmosphere. The spectrum of scattered radiation fluctuations U ( ƒ ) = ƒW ( ƒ )/∫ W ( ƒ ) dƒ in rain, drizzle, and haze is characterized by four parameters: the maximum frequency ƒ max, the inclination of the low-frequency part of the spectrum 1 > γv > 0 at ƒ < ƒ max and two inclinations of the high-frequency region γv = -2.5…-5/3 and γv1 = -3…-5 at ƒ > ƒ max; and in a weak fog, mainly by two negative inclinations γv = -0.5 and γv1 = -4…5. The frequency of the scattered field spectrum maximum is determined by the interaction of the vortex field of wind speed fluctuations, the field of particle size and mass distributions, and the drag coefficient.
V.V. Polkin1, L.P. Golobokova2, I.A. Kruglinsky1, A.O. Pochufarov1, S.M. Sakerin1, O.I. Khuriganova1,2 1V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia 2Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Irkutsk, Russia
Keywords: White Sea, atmospheric aerosol, microphysical characteristics, ionic composition
The paper presents the results of a statistical generalization of the microphysical characteristics and ionic composition of the aerosol in the atmosphere of the White Sea obtained during the expeditions of 2003-2021. Based on the recalculation of the measurement results using a uniform data filtering algorithm, the total number concentration of particles with a radius of 0.2-5 μm, the volumes of particles of fine and coarse dispersed drive aerosol with a radius of less than and more than 0.5 μm, the distribution function of particles by volume are considered, mass concentrations in the composition were estimated aerosol of eight water-soluble ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NH4+, NO3-, Cl-, and SO42-. Spatial inhomogeneities and causes of anomalously high concentrations and ionic composition of the aerosol are analyzed.
I.N. Smalikho, V.A. Banakh, I.A. Razenkov, A.A. Sukharev, A.V. Falits, A.M. Sherstobitov
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: coherent Doppler lidar, wind velocity
A pulsed coherent Doppler lidar (PCDL) developed at the Wave Propagation Laboratory of Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (LRV lidar) was tested in two experiments carried out in 2021 at the Basic Experimental Observatory of Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS and on the coast of Lake Baikal. In those experiments, a serial Stream Line PCDL (HALO Photonics, Great Britain) was also involved. The comparative analysis of estimates of the average horizontal and vertical wind speeds from measurements with Stream Line and LRV lidars showed a good agreement between the results (the correlation coefficient of the estimates is 0.98 with a 30-minute averaging of the data).
V.V. Kuskov, V.A. Banakh, E.V. Gordeev, A.N. Shesternin
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: laser beam, wavefront, atmospheric backscatter, misalignment of optical axes, compensation, image center of gravity
The results of atmospheric studies of a possibility of compensating for the beam deviation from a direction specified by means of shifting the energy center of gravity of the optical image of the beam scattering volume are presented. The experiments were carried out with collimated and focused beams. The image of the laser spot on the scattering atmospheric layer was recorded by an array detector located in the sharp-image plane of a telescope. The laser beam propagation direction was controlled with a rotary mirror. It is shown that the beam deviation can be compensated for accurate to several microradians.
B.D. Belan, G.A. Ivlev, A.V. Kozlov, D.A. Pestunov, T.K. Sklyadneva, A.V. Fofonov
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: atmosphere, radiation, albedo, radiation balance
Variations in solar radiation in the wavelength ranges λ = 0.285 ÷ 2.8 mm, λ = 0.280 ÷ 0.400 mm, and λ = 0.280 ÷ 0.315 mm are analyzed on the basis of ground-based measurements at the Fonovaya observatory in 2021. The results of calculations of the radiation balance and albedo of the underlying surface are presented. During the period of a stable snow cover, from November to March, the daily average radiation balance is shown to be -1.20 ± 1.18 MJ/m2, and in the absence of snow, from May to September, +8.83 ± 4.49 MJ/m2. The daily solar radiation absorption by the Earth's surface is estimated. During the period of a stable snow cover, from December to March, the daily solar radiation absorbed by the Earth's surface did not exceed 2 MJ/m2, and it varied from to 25 MJ/m2 in summer.
K.B. Moiseenko1, A.V. Vasileva1, A.I. Skorokhod1, Yu.A. Shtabkin1, I.B. Belikov1, A.Yu. Repin2 1A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 2E.K. Fedorov Institute of Applied Geophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: atmospheric boundary layer, ozone generation, peroxy radical, volatile organic compound, ZOTTO Tower
The rates of ozone production ( P ) and sink ( L ) and total peroxide (OX) content are assessed with the use of the photostationary state approach from measurements of ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2) at Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO), central Siberia, in 2007-2014. Mean diurnal cycles of the above quantities for May - September cloud-free days peak at 6 ppb/hour ( P ), 1.4 ppb/hour ( L ), and 115 ppb ([OX]) between 11:00 and 15:00 local time. The linear dependence of P on [NOx] is derived in the range of measured NOx mixing ratios from 0.2-0.8 ppb, suggesting for NOx-limiting conditions of ozone production, with the slope rate P (O3)/[NOx] estimated at 13 (ppb/h)/ppb. The estimated high OX levels along with the condition P >> L manifest for high rates of the in-situ oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds and ozone generation. The surface air layer in boreal forest around the site can be considered an ozone source for the atmospheric boundary layer over remote central Siberia at NOx levels characteristic for both weakly polluted and clean (background) air masses.
A.P. Luzhetskaya1, E.S. Nagovitsyna1,2, E.V. Omelkova1, V.A. Poddubny1 1Institute of Industrial Ecology Ural branch of RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia 2Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Keywords: mass concentration of aerosol particles РМ2.5, aerosol optical depth, monitoring of the atmosphere, empirical statistical model, regression analysis
Measurements of aerosol parameters in the surface air layer with sets of Panasonic PM2.5 optical sensors and throughout the atmospheric column by the photometric method at urban and background observation sites in the Middle Urals for 2016-2019 are analyzed. The features of the intraannual and diurnal variations in aerosol parameters in the surface air layer and in the atmospheric column are compared. Correlations between the PM2.5 concentration, AOD, and meteorological parameters in the two regions are also studied. Multivariate regression models for estimating the logarithm of PM2.5 concentration ensure much higher quality than single-factor models. The significant predictors are determined: boundary layer height (blh, m), ln AOD, normalized relative vegetation index (NDVI), relative air humidity (Hu, %), and air pressure ( P , Pa).
V.I. Mankovskiy
Marine Hydrophysical Institute National Academy of the RAS, Sevastopol, Russia
Keywords: light scattering phase function, asymmetry coefficient, particle scattering, molecular scattering, wavelength, spectral variability
Data on the spectral variability of the coefficient of asymmetry of the light scattering phase function in the water of Lake Baikal obtained by Tarashchansky B.A. et al. in the work “Methods and Results of Monitoring the Optical Characteristics of the Water Environment of the Baikal Neutrino Telescope, Carried out by a Stationary Deep-Sea Device ASP-15” are analyzed. It is shown that these data contradict the theoretical and experimental results. The model calculation of the spectral variability of the coefficient of asymmetry of the light scattering phase function in the waters of Lake Baikal has been performed.
L.A. Bolbasova, V.P. Lukin
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: laser guide star, adaptive optics, atmospheric turbulence
The work is devoted to the application of laser guide stars (LGS) technology for the adaptive optics system of a ground-based telescope. The results of the study of the possibilities of correcting the global wavefront tilt with the use of LGS are presented. To approaches are compared: polychromatic LGS, where the correction signal is a difference random refraction due to the atmosphere for different optical radiation wavelengths, and traditional monochromatic LGS, where an LGS is considered as a point source with a random center. The calculations were performed in the approximation of the Huygens-Fresnel method. It is shown that in this approximation, the signal from a monostatic monochromatic LGS used to correct the global wavefront tilt is comparable to the signal from a polychromatic LGS. Seasonal changes in the concentration and altitude of the mesospheric sodium layer, which determines the characteristics of sodium LGS, are estimated for Russian observatories.
D.M. Ezhov1, D.M. Lubenko2, A.A. Mamrashev3, Yu.M. Andreev1,4 1National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia 2High Current Electronics Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia 3Institute of Automation and Electrometry of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 4Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: nonlinear crystal, lithium triborate, THz range, temperature dependence, refractive index, difference frequency generation, birefringence
Using nonlinear LBO crystals of 30 × 30 × 10 mm3 in size, the spectral-temperature dependences of refractive indices in the long-wavelength part of the THz range 0.05-0.5 THz are obtained by means of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy under heating from 20 to 200 °C. Intersection of spectral dependences of the refractive index components nx and ny at ~ 84 °C is found. The results can be used for selection of types and phase-matching conditions for frequency conversion into long-wavelength part of the THz range, which is prospective for monitoring the gas composition of the atmosphere due to weak influence of the aerosol attenuation.
I. A. Bykadorov, Yu. N. Ismaiylova, M. V. Pudova, S. E. Khruschev
Siberian Institute of Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: interregional trade, transport costs of "iceberg types", social optimality, elasticity
We study the model of interregional trade under monopolistic competition of producers. We obtain a local comparative statics of symmetric social optimality with respect to transport costs. Particular attention is paid to situations of free trade and autarky. For the case of two regions, counterintuitive results we obtain that (1) with low transport costs in one of the regions, public welfare can either increase or decrease; (2) when transport costs are high, trade liberalization worsens public welfare in one region and improves it in another.
Responsible investment is a trend in the development of the world economy. Russia’s lagging behind the trend can lead to negative effects on the economy. The article examines the formation of responsible investment as an economic institution. An institutional-evolutionary approach based on the principles of variability, selection and heredity of conditions, rules, norms and restrictions of economic activity is applied. It is shown that the institutionalization of responsible investment can be the result of not only external influence on economic agents, but also the result of their independent activity. In this regard, the regulator should pay attention to the problem of information asymmetry, which prevents the spread of responsible investment in the activities of economic agents and its subsequent institutionalization.
S. Z. Faronova
Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Keywords: digitalization, industry, directions of development, strategic task, digital, information platform
The purpose of the article is to consider the directions of digital transformation of housing and communal services as one of the most problematic sectors of the economy. The main state programs and strategies aimed at the digital transformation of the industry are highlighted. Real examples are presented in the priority areas of digital transformation of housing and communal services. We considered possible obstacles to the introduction of digitalization and identified additional initiatives regarding the introduction of digital technologies on the example of the region of Russia - the Republic of Bashkortostan.
G. V. Zhdan1, T. V. Sumskaya1,2 1Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 2Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: improvement of methodological recommendations, strategy of socio-economic development of the municipality, scenario conditions, development forecast for the city of Berdsk, inertial development scenario, innovative development scenario
The article analyzes the current methodological recommendations for the development of strategies for the socio-economic development of municipalities in the Russian Federation, and suggests ways to improve the methodological recommendations. The conditionality of the scenario conditions of development by the conducted strategic analysis of external and internal factors of development is shown. The relationship is reflected on the example of scenario conditions for the development of the municipality - the city of Berdsk, Novosibirsk Region. It is shown that the use of models for forecasting calculations ensures the balance of the forecast values of the main indicators of the development of the municipality. It is noted that the forecast of cost indicators is rarely correct due to the poor predictability of inflationary processes. Structural indicators are more stable. It is these indicators that should be recommended as the main ones for the strategies of socio-economic development of territories.
Yu. S. Moroz, A. I. Shmyreva
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: Chinese yuan, Turkish lira, exchange rate, foreign exchange market, China, Turkey
The article discusses the state of the exchange rates of individual countries, in which certain changes have been outlined. The factors influencing changes in the exchange rate of the national currency of China, Turkey in 2020-2022 are determined. The analysis of the exchange rates of the Chinese yuan and the Turkish lira against the Russian ruble was carried out. Conclusions are drawn.
N. V. Telminova
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:85:"Moscow University for Industry and Finance «Synergy», Moscow, Russian Federation";}
Keywords: investment projects, agrotech project, assessment of commercial and investment attractiveness of project, assessment of efficiency of project, net present value of projects, profitability index of project, value-based analysis
Agrosector companies use investment projects on implementation and realization of technological innovative solutions - agrotech projects - to increase business competitiveness. Agrotech projects demonstrated high growth rates and higher demand in the venture capital market in 2019-2021. The aim of the study was the analysis of theoretical and practical aspects of assessment of competitiveness of the projects in the agrotech field and the development of the modified method of assessment of their competitiveness. The following tasks of the study were set on the basis of the target goal: identification of agrotech project, marking out the types of agrotech projects and venture funds interested in their assessment, as well as in the development of the modified method of assessment of their effectiveness. The review of the projects in the agrotech field was done; the types and funds of agrotech projects specialized in their realization were marked out. The agrotech market trends, which stipulated the necessity for adaptation of the methods of analysis and assessment regarding the mentioned objects, were shown. The definition of the agrotech project was formulated; the main types of agrotech projects were systemized with the analysis of their subtypes, and the technologies, serving as the main types of agrotech projects, were presented. The following levels of assessment of agrotech project potential were offered: innovativeness, commercial and investment attractiveness. The method of assessment of investment attractiveness of agrotech project, introduced in the article, was developed using modification of the assessment of economic efficiency of agrotech project. Generalized and two-phase models of calculation of the indicators of net present value and profitability index of agrotech projects were offered.
S. A. Danilkova
Belarusian State Economic University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Keywords: internal audit, classification, types, classification group, comparison of types, content
The object of theoretical understanding of the typology of internal audit is often experience in control and audit activities, which has both a positive and a negative aspect. Based on international practice, an analysis of various approaches to identifying types of internal audit was carried out, an assessment was made of the completeness of the content of its types, new classification features were introduced to identify the types of internal audit, taking into account objective and subjective factors, which contributes to the disclosure of the essence, meaning, role, functions and responsibility internal audit before society.
The article analyzes international and Russian experience in the accounting of valuation allowances for deferred tax assets. The methodological aspects of the impairment procedure for deductible differences are specified, the criteria for assessing the adequacy of taxable income are summarized. The directions of the use of valuation allowance for the purposes of manipulating the financial result are disclosed. Primary and secondary distribution of tax effects, including in accordance with the concepts of their accounting, was characterized. Unresolved debatable problems of deferred tax accounting are characterized.
I. Yu. Ilina
Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: an increase in age. An assessment of the risks and prospects for the development of the personnel potential of universities is given. personnel potential of universities, teaching staff, age dynamics, efficiency of professional activity, modernization of higher education
The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of age transformation of the teaching staff of universities during the modernization of the higher education system. The revealed trends in the transformation of the age structure of teachers indicate a gradual “aging” of the teaching staff, which cannot be assessed as an unambiguously negative process, since in a certain sense it determines the continuity between generations of teachers and provides the necessary level of quality of training of specialists. The analysis of the dynamics of the age structure of teachers differentiated by various professional qualification segments reflects a slight shift in the career trajectories of university teachers towards an increase in age. An assessment of the risks and prospects for the development of the personnel potential of universities is given.
A. S. Baldina
Scientific Research Institute of Communication and Management Systems, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: lean manufacturing, quality management, QMS, LMMS, business processes, military-industrial complex
The article is devoted to the peculiarities and problems of the introduction and use of lean manufacturing and quality management technologies at Russian defense enterprises. The general concept of quality management systems (QMS) and lean manufacturing management systems (LMMS) is given, the domestic practice of implementing and applying these systems at defense industry enterprises is considered, the main tools of the systems are investigated, problems of implementation are identified, the specifics of personnel training in lean manufacturing and quality management technologies are considered, the issues of standardization and certification of these technologies are studied.
E. A. Pomerlyan
Moscow State University of Integrational Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: EAEU, trade agreements, regional integration, EAEU development strategy
The article discusses the main approaches of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), a regional trade bloc created to support the sustainable economic growth of the countries of the region, towards establishing regional and interregional trade cooperation, including through conclusion of trade agreements. The article describes the network of existing EAEU’s trade agreements and formulates proposals for further development of trade relations. The article concludes that the Eurasian integration represents a necessary condition for further strengthening of interregional trade and economic ties of the EAEU.
Yu. A. Shcheglov1,2, I. A. Soboleva1 1Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 2Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: training course, product vision, target market, training course consumer profile, consumer preferences, analogues
The article deals with the creation of new products in the field of educational services. The focus is on the main issues that must be resolved before the decision to produce an educational product is made. The model of developing a market value is considered in detail, on the basis of which the tasks of prototyping a product, implementing a market sample and developing a marketing program to promote a product in the target market are solved. Mastering the competencies of building a value proposition for an educational product in the format of a training course or other educational resource opens the way to the correct solution of a large and complex task of organizing an educational business in various fields of knowledge.
I. A. Bykadorov, Yu. N. Ismaiylova, M. V. Pudova
Siberian Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: interregional trade, transport costs of "iceberg types", market equilibrium, elasticity
We study a homogeneous model of interregional trade under monopolistic competition of producers with additively separable utility and linear production costs. The mass of firms (“the length of the product line”) is determined endogenously, from conditions of free entry. We obtain the local comparative statics of the market equilibrium with respect to transport costs of “iceberg types”. Particular attention is paid to situations of free trade and autarky. We establish the following counter-intuitive result: under high transport costs, trade liberalization can decrease public welfare.
N. P. Sukhanova
Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: narrative, education, logic, critical thinking, definition of concepts, language
In modern higher education, the number of educational programs aimed at improving the quality of thinking, reasoning abilities, and creativity is growing. The campus course «Logic and Critical Thinking» is aimed at improving the intellectual dispositions of students involved in the professional and personal sphere. Narrative in the educational process is considered as a didactic technique in teaching logic and critical thinking. The purpose of the article is to analyze the narrative as a supporting construct of the emerging discursive model, to study the possibility of the narrative as a role model in the process of forming their own mental practice of the project participants. The flexible narrative model used for interpretation is designed to awaken the deep curiosity of the student, the subjective need to solve logical problems and form the skill to think critically. The author studies the experience of narrative in the concept of an oral narrative of such a form of education as a seminar lesson. The trigger mechanism of students’ reflexive activity is a narrative text, the value of the narrative is shown in the recognition of qualitative questions, their clear formulation and the direction of their own research. It is concluded that an effective pedagogical narrative is content-variable and subject-oriented. Narrativization of the educational process is important not only for the development of critical thinking of students, but also for the teacher who reflects on the issues of building a more effective educational strategy.
V. N. Minat
Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev, Ryazan, Russian Federation
Keywords: high-tech sectors of the economy, high-tech types of economic activity, revenue of US companies, reindustrialization, information and digital transformation, source of industrial growth
The relevance of the study is due to the global trends in the formation of a knowledge economy focused on the actively developing core of high-tech industries of industrial production, as well as knowledge-intensive and innovative-active sectors of the economy associated with their development in the context of changing technological and world economic structures. The sources of the strategic post-crisis spatio-temporal evolution of this core in the United States, which form a set of effects that positively affect economic growth, are cognizable by assessing the dynamic development of high-tech industries in the period 2011-2020, are the key areas of reindustrialization that have replaced the deindustrial-globalist paradigm of development. The purpose of the study is to identify and evaluate various sources of growth in high-tech economic activities that form the material basis for the reindustrialization of the United States (sources of industrial growth) and, associated with them, the territorial distribution of high-tech sectors of the American economy. The methodological tools used in this paper, based on the indicator of company revenue in its ten-year dynamics, made it possible to fully or partially confirm a number of research hypotheses put forward about the advantages of high-tech industries of the American economy in the structure of US economic growth over the past decade. The identified sources of growth, analyzed in the dynamics of the revenue of American high-tech companies and the territorial differentiation of the US geo-economic and geo-innovation space, to a certain extent, are reflected in the strategic measures implemented by the government and large businesses in the field of stimulating the development of relevant industries based on NBIC technologies and digital transformation.
The paper presents a systematic view for a swirl flow produced within a cylindrical container with fixed walls and a rotating top lid using two theoretical approaches: the lattice Boltzmann equations and Navier-Stokes equations. The flow modes for this confined liquid flow were tested as functions of two parameters: Reynolds number and the cylinder height to radius ratio. The lattice convergence of both solutions was analyzed. The simulation data exhibit compliance between these two variants and with the available experimental data, including the case of the development of recirculation flow at the cylinder axis (which corresponds to the event of vortex breakdown).
A model of a thermochemical plume in the subduction zone is presented here, based on experimental modeling and theoretical analysis, as well as geological and geophysical data. A thermochemical plume originates at the boundary between the upper and lower mantle when a chemical additive is present in the crustal layer of the subducting oceanic lithospheric plate, which lowers the melting point of the crustal layer substance. The structure of thermal gravitational flows in the plume conduit melted out in the crustal layer was established due to experimental modeling. The heat power at the plume base and the heat power transferred by the plume conduit to the surrounding mantle were determined. The depth of location of a primary magma chamber, from which the thermochemical plume originates and rises to the surface of the continent, where the volcano is formed, was determined depending on the crustal layer thickness, the rate of subduction, and the angle of subducting lithospheric plate inclination. The primary magma chamber is formed in a region where the rates of subduction and melting of the crustal layer are equal in magnitude and directed oppositely. A model of the origin of a thermochemical plume on the primary chamber roof is presented, and the conditions of the plume conduit outcrop are determined. Based on theoretical modeling, geological and geophysical data on the depth of the primary chamber origin, the thermal and hydrodynamic conditions for the existence of a thermochemical plume incipient from the primary chamber and responsible for volcano formation on the surface were found.
The results are reported on the study of burning titanium particles with the diameter of 200 - 550 µm while free fall in air. Video with the rates of 25 and 500 fps captures the particle trajectories. The mathematical procedure for averaging of particle trajectories was developed. The trajectories can be classified into classes with the particle size variation within each class about 20 - 30 µm. The evolutions of particle coordinate x(t) and particle velocity v(t) as functions of time t (until the event of particle fragmentation) were presented as generalized functions for each of the size-classes. The comparison of empirical curves x(t) and v(t) with the analytical solutions for this problem about a spherical particle motion under gravity and aerodynamic drag forces gives the effective aerodynamic drag coefficient for a burning-in-air titanium particle in the format Cd = A /Re, where Re is the Reynolds number. For the particles within the tested size range, the parameter А is independent of the particle diameter and equals about 61 ± 2 for the particle motion with the Reynolds number varying from 1 to 10. If we take the aerodynamic drag coefficient Cd = 61/Re and the air viscosity equal to 5,07·10-5 Pa·s, then the motion of burning titanium particles in air can be described by the known analytical solution for a problem of spherical particle motion driven by forces of gravity and drag within the accuracy provided by the empirical equations.
Computational experiments in the field of thermal radiation emitted by combustion products of rocket engines allow tracing the effect of determining factors on the emission characteristics, which serves to plan, predict, and interpret a physical experiment. The paper considers the influence of the condensed phase (aluminum oxide particles), the gas phase and its individual components (H2O and CO2) on spectral and integral radiation energy flux densities and emissivity factors in various sections of the flow of heterogeneous combustion products of a model solid-propellant rocket engine (SPRE). A comparison of the emission characteristics of incomplete combustion products and combustion products is performed for the chamber and initial section of the plume of the first-stage SPRE of Trident II (D5). The calculations of spectral radiation intensity of an initial section of the plume are compared with the results of other authors.
E.Yu. Shadrin1, I.S. Sadkin1,2, E.P. Kopyev1, I.S. Anufriev1,2, V.V. Leshchevich3, S.Yu. Shimchenko3 1Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia 3Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of NAS, Minsk, Belarus
Keywords: superheated steam, spraying burner, liquid fuel, steam, atomization, shadow photography method, disperse composition
The characteristics of a fuel spray atomized by a steam jet were studied using the method of shadow photography. The studied method of forming a two-phase flow for dispersing liquid fuel allows application of a wide range of hydrocarbons and increases the service life of the combustion equipment due to the absence of fuel spraying nozzles. Using a long-focus macroscopic lens, the dispersed composition of spent engine oil was measured at various fuel supply frequencies: 10, 25, and 40 Hz. The dispersed phase velocity was determined using the PIV-algorithms; it amounted to 60 m/s for all studied regimes. It is shown that the frequency of liquid fuel supply does not affect the size and velocity of the formed fuel droplets.
In the current study, we conducted a numerical analysis of water-TiO2 nanofluidand entropy generation in a wavy channel under constant heat flow( q") by using a two-phase mixture model. The analyses were carried under a laminar forced convection flow condition. Reynolds numbers (Re) are considered in the range of 50≤Re≤600, with the volume fraction of nanoparticles φ are considered in the range of 1 ≤ φ ≤ 5 %. The governing equations are solved by using Ansys-Fluent software 14.5.The validation of the outcomes has demonstrated a strong consensus between the results and the literature's data. The effect of various Re, φ, and wavy amplitudes (α) on the flow behavior and heat transfer are examined. Moreover,the distribution of the static temperature, streamlines, total entropy generation Sg,t, Bejan number (Be) contours have been presented and discussed. Results showed that the heat transfer rate improves when φ , Re, and α increase. The heat transfer is enhanced when using a wavy wall compared to a straight wall. The performance evaluation criterion (PEC) increases with φ and Re. Therefore, it is recommended to use large values for each of φ and Re in the wavy channel from engineering and economics perspectives. Concerning Sg,t, Sg,t,h Be, we conclude that these parameters decrease when φ and Re increase, except Sg,v is increased with φ and Re.
R. Lazarova1, G.E. Georgiev1, A.N. Cherepanov2, V. Dyakova1
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:277:"1Institute of Metal Science, Equipment and Technologies with Hydro- and
Aerodynamics Centre. "Acad. A. Balevki" – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria 2Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: electron-beam treatment, nanoparticles, modifier, crystal structure
The paper presents experimental and theoretical study of crystal nucleation and growth in aluminum and structure development in the aluminum melt after the introduction of a cubic-shaped nanoparticle modifier and using the electron-beam surface treatment method. The output of this study is the rate of solid phase nucleation as a function of TiCN nanoparticle size dispersed in molten aluminum. The numerical simulation of crystal structure growth for a sample of AlSi12Cu2NiMg alloy treated by electron beam was performed using the MAGMASOFT computer code.
A.B. Kruglov, V.I. Rachkov, I.G. Merinov, V.S. Kharitonov, L.P. Paredes
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:59:"National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow,Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"text";}
Keywords: pulse heating method, thermal conductivity coefficient of lead, impurities in lead, thermal resistance of contact of lead melt and steel
The article presents the results of measuring the coefficient of thermal conductivity of lead in the temperature range of 350-1000 °C using the pulse heating method. The methodology of processing experimental data is described. The estimates of the experimental data error are given. The difference in the content of impurities in the lead samples is shown to have an in significant effect on the thermal conductivity coefficient of the lead melt. The deviation of the experimental data on the thermal conductivity of lead from the proposed interpolating dependence does not exceed ±2 %. The obtained data are compared with the known recommended dependences for calculating the thermal conductivity coefficient of lead.
A comprehensive study of the thermophysical properties of an ultralight eutectic Mg-Li alloy (with a lithium content of 23 at.%), promising for use in the aerospace industry has been carried out. New reliable experimental data have been obtained for thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, density, linear thermal expansion coefficient and relative elongation of the alloy in the temperature range of 300 - 759 ÷781 K. The obtained results have been compared with well-known literature data on thermal conductivity and thermal expansion for Mg-Li system alloys. Approximation equations and a table of reference data of the studied properties are presented. The relative density change during melting of eutectic has been determined.
S.D. Sleptsov1, N.A. Savvinova2 1Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk, Russia 2North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
Keywords: ice, melting, Stefan problem, anisotropic scattering, selectivity, substrate
Numerical calculation of the influence of various types of opaque substrates on ice melting was carried out using mathematical modeling methods. It is shown that while maintaining a constant low temperature of the left boundary of the heat-conducting substrate, ice melting does not depend on its thermophysical properties. The threshold value of thermophysical properties, below which the dependence on the substrate must be taken into account, is found.
4 August, 2007 is the 75th anniversary of the well known scientist, scientific administrator and head of scientific school of Tymen Division of Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Amir A. Gubaidullin.
The article analyzes the category of tendency and its relation with the category of development. The reasons for the increase of scientists’ attention to the problems of identifying and describing tendencies are explained. The most popular types of tendencies in modern science are considered. When searching for an adequate definition of the category of tendency, the experience of modern natural and social sciences is summarized. The conclusion about the fundamental methodological importance of the category of tendency in scientific knowledge is substantiated.
