Home – Home – Jornals – Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics 2022 number 8

A new variety of Ti-clinohumite garnetites (‘garnet peridotites’) of the diamond-bearing Kumdy Kol terrane in the Kokchetav Massif has been studied. An ultrahigh-pressure phase, Ti-chondrodite, orthopyroxene and contrast-zoned garnets of retrograde zoning have been found in these rocks for the first time. Ti-chondrodite and orthopyroxene were not described in these rocks earlier, and garnet composition was supposed to be homogeneous. Based on the character of chemical zoning of garnet and orthopyroxene, the peak and three retrograde parageneses for these minerals have been distinguished. Using the garnet-orthopyroxene geothermobarometry, for the Kumdy Kol terrane, based on the quantitative P-T estimates of Ti-clinohumite garnetites, a detailed retrograde P-T trend has been constructed for the first time; this trend includes the UHP peak stage (55-57 kbar, 1075-1120 °С), and three stages of retrograde metamorphism under UHP (32 kbar, 830 °С), HP (21 kbar, 750 °С), and MP (12 kbar, 740 °С) conditions. For the Kumdy Kol terrane this is the most detailed Р-Т trend indicating subisothermal decompression during crustal rock exhumation from the mantle depths (~ 170 km) to the lower-crust conditions (~ 36 km). The above-mentioned mineralogical findings allowed reconstructing all the described metamorphism stages, using the same rock and various generations of the same minerals (garnet and orthopyroxene) formed at different stages of tectonometamorphic evolution of the Kumdy Kol terrane. Preservation of the relics for mineral zoning of the early metamorphic stages seemed to be due to high uplift velocities resulted in rapid decrease in P-T parameters and short duration of regressive metamorphism. The virtually complete identity of the obtained P-T trend for the Kumdy Kol terrane and the P-T trend for the Barchi terrane supports the idea of the common tectonometamorphic evolution of the whole western (diamond-bearing) part of the Kokchetav massif.

Pyrolysis-free gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the gas phase composition of inclusions in phenocrysts from basalts and rhyolites of the Men’shii Brat Volcano (Medvezh’ya caldera, Iturup Island). Among more than 300 compounds detected in the inclusions, hydrocarbons are predominant (52-92 rel.%). These hydrocarbons (С₁-С₁₇) are alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers and esters, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids as well as sulfonated, nitrogenated, and halogenated organic compounds. Inorganic substances, which are predominantly CO₂, H₂O, SO₂, and N₂, are present in subordinate amounts. The organic compounds are interpreted as products of abiogenic synthesis of hydrocarbons in magmatic gases. This fundamentally new information about the composition of magmatic fluid suggests that mantle and crustal magmas can transport hydrocarbon substance.

We present results of Pb-Pb geochronology and Sr- and C- chemostratigraphic study of limestones and dolomites of the Ara-Oshei Formation of the Tunka ridge in East Sayan. The δ¹³C value of the limestones varies from -0.6 to 2.3‰ PDB, the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio is within 0.70851-0.70864, and the Pb-Pb age is 521 ± 21 Ma (MSWD = 0.9). The δ¹³C value of the dolomites varies from -3.9 to 0.5‰ PDB, the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio is 0.70844-0.70882, and the Pb-Pb age is 417 ± 8 Ma (MSWD = 2.5). The U-Pb isotope system of the dolomites was disturbed during the geologic evolution of the region, which led to the rejuvenation of their Pb-Pb age in the Early Devonian. The obtained Sr-chemostratigraphic and Pb-Pb data show that the limestones of the Ara-Oshei Formation accumulated in the early Cambrian. This provides a reliable proof that the limestones are part of the Vendian-Cambrian sedimentary cover of the Tuva-Mongolian massif.

Coal fragments in basaltic melt were subjected to degassing, graphitization, and disintegration. As a result, the partial pressure of hydrocarbon (HC) fluids near xenoliths of graphitized coal in the melt increased, which provoked the sialic-mafic segregation of the basaltic melt, the formation of anorthosite-hortonolite association, and the separation of bitumens and ore mineral phases. The fluid-magmatic differentiation of the melt and the formation of ore phases were caused mostly by the reducing properties of HC fluids, their high affinity for metals, and their unique collective capability to adsorb microimpurities from the melt and rocks during migration and to form anomalous mineral and geochemical clusters at geochemical barriers. The diversity of ore mineral phases is due to the extraction of trace elements Fe, As, Ge, Sb, Sn, and S from coal and of Fe, Mg, Cu, Ni, Co, Pt, Pd, Rh, Au, and Ag microimpurities from the basaltic melt.

Complex analysis of jointing in the Morskoi fault zone rocks (Cisbaikalia) has been carried out to compare two principally different methods of tectonophysical reconstruction of paleostress tectonic field, by geologic-structural data. A new approach to the paragenetic analysis of statistic measurements for ‘mute’ joints has been used; this approach makes it possible to reconstruct the stress state in the local rock exposure and to understand whether it belongs to the fault zone of a certain morphogenetic type and orientation. The second approach to reconstruct the stress filed is the Angelier-Delvaux kinematic analysis, which allows us to calculate the stress tensor and determine the stress regime, based on the analysis of strike-slip vectors on joints. Using the two methods we obtained the stress state solutions of local and regional levels for the study area. The paragenetic analysis gave twice as many local solutions for the same number of observation points. This is due to different environments of the formation of jointing sets and slickenlines in time (stages of fault zone evolution) and space (closeness to the fault plane). Most of the local solutions of the kinematic analysis coincide with the identical solutions of the paragenetic method on the stress state of the first or second orders. We obtained by an order of magnitude more ‘new’ (not repeated in the other method) paragenetic solutions than kinematic ones. At the next hierarchic level, the paragenetic analysis made it possible to reconstruct the stress field and fault zones of a higher rank. The results of both methods involve several stages of tectonic evolution of the rock massif. The identical regional stress fields reconstructed by different methods seem to belong to one stage. The studied fragment of the Morskoi fault, according to both methods, was activated in the three most intensively pronounced settings: compression, left-lateral strike-slip, and extension. Strike-slip stresses are concentrated closer to the fault plane. Moreover, we also revealed submeridional extension and NW compression. The results of the stress field reconstruction using the two methods are compatible and, in general, successfully complement and justify each other; however, the paragenetic method gives more numerous and variable solutions, resulting in the transition to the regional level and construction of the map for the study area fault zones. Complex application of both methods is recommended.

The purpose of this study is to determine a morphologically pronounced fault-block structure identified with the neotectonic stage and compare it with sites with manifested exogenous processes, as well as modern and historical paleoseismicity in order to establish faults activated in the postglacial time. Based on the analysis of space images (Landsat-ETM+) and a digital elevation model (GTOPO-30), the territory of the Kola Peninsula and the adjacent part of North Karelia is subjected to morphostructural interpretation with identifying morpholineaments and an elementary block structure. It is shown by the analyzing the directions and extent of elementary, single (simple), and complex (echeloned, parallel conjugated, and imbricated) linear structures and their zones that both linear (fault) and areal (block) structures are characterized by a predominance of a single system of northwestern and northeastern differences with a clear dominance of the former and unimodal distribution of the extent of faults and the area of blocks, depending on their number. This indicates a single (recent) stage in the formation of the morphotectonic appearance of the territory and no discrete hierarchy the morphostructures. The degree of fragmentation of the territory at different depths is calculated depending on the number and extent of morpholineaments. It is determined that morpholineaments have a high degree of inheritance from Archean-Proterozoic structures (≈50%). Elementary morphotectonic blocks are grouped into composite blocks bounded by linear zones of great extent (100-600 km) having individual physiognomic features determined by fault patterns, which indicates the nature of the neotectonic dynamics and the degree of inheritance or reformation of the structural plan. The localization of manifestations of exogenous processes, epicenters of paleo-, historical, and modern earthquakes is determined on the basis of the analysis of topographic maps scaled at 1:100,000, catalogs of historical and paleoearthquakes, and the consolidated literature (including the data obtained by the authors of this study) on paleoseismic deformations. A geoinformation base is compiled, which is used to simulate the spatial distribution of endo- and exogenous signs of tectonic activity and compare it with the neotectonic fault-block structure. The spatial similarity of endogenous and exogenous activation zones and their confinement to faults, defined as activated in the postglacial time, are revealed. It is revealed that the following elements are most active in the postglacial-Holocene. First, flank elements on the Kola Peninsula along the Barents Sea coast, the Kandalaksha Bay shores, and the Gorlo Strait of the White Sea. Second, the central (nodal) part with the Khibiny and Lovozero massifs. Third, submeridional (transverse) secant structures separating the eastern part of the peninsula from the western part (Khibiny-Kola and Khibiny-Niva). The spatial parameters of the activated zones indicate a range of earthquake magnitudes M ≈ 6.5-7.5 generated by these structures both in the postglacial period and in the Neopleistocene as a whole.

The paper presents some results of the development of a digital permanently operating structural and geological model (implemented at the Autonomous Institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District-Yugra V.I. Shpilman Research and Analytical Center for the Rational Use of the Subsoil) for the area of central West Siberia and important aspects that need to be considered in implementation practice. The methodological challenges of the variational-grid mapping method and its application include problems such as finding an optimal computational grid and using heterogeneous input information for mapping key seismic horizons. An effective method is considered for using seismic data with uncorrected misties in geological mapping based on corrections for derivatives of the desired function along the seismic profile direction (i.e., seismic surface shape). Special attention is paid to a priori information when mapping stratigraphic boundaries with poorly correlated seismic sections. The conformal thickness model linking geometry of the mapped surface with the structural framework of the two reference boundaries has been tested on the construction of regional structural and geological models for the Jurassic interval of the cross section of West Siberia. The model modification can also be applied to mapping clinoform formations. Given the scale and non trivial tasks of regional mapping, the issues related to setting up the computing workflow are considered in detail: algorithmization, programming protocols, and automation. In the light of the accentuated relevance of the development of specialized software, the GST (Geo-Spline Technology) software product is considered, with the digital structural framework of the region implemented therein. This resulted in a permanently operating model, since the hierarchical object-oriented approach implemented in GST ensures a complete protocol that integrates computational procedures and data flows, as well as automation of model recalculation. The structural framework serves as the basis for mapping physical properties and parameters, assessment of the region resource potential, and study of other aspects. The proposed model being not conclusive, it offers rich opportunities for revision and refinement as to the area size (geological model domain), level of detail, database enlargement, thereby determining the directions of further development of the digital structural framework.

The magnetotelluric sounding (MTS) method implemented on drifting ice floes in the Arctic is suitable for detection of 3D inhomogeneities in crustal conductivity while recording the transverse magnetic (TM) mode potential of the electromagnetic field. High-conductivity layers of seawater and sediments shield the underlying 3D inhomogeneity. Their presence virtually does not affect changes in the standard responses of the medium used in MTS but is quite noticeable in the characteristics of the TM mode. To register them, one can use a circular electric dipole (CED) located at the surface of an ice floe. During the drift, the electric field can be measured on the ice floe using electrodes in seawater. We propose to lower the magnetic sensors beneath the ice, in seawater, because ice deformations interfere with the magnetic-field component measurements. The coordinates of the observation station during MT soundings on the ice floe in the Arctic (similar to earlier observations at North Pole stations) can change significantly. In order to take into account the effect of horizontal movements of the drifting station, we propose to complement all the recorded time series with the coordinates of measurement points. We developed a technique for processing such data to take into account nonplane-wave effects, which can occur in the Arctic because of the proximity of ionospheric current jets. We carry out the synchronization of all observations in the investigated area, using a model of spatial and temporal field variations and data accumulation. To test our approach, we use the synthetic experimental data for the model that considers the existence of seawater, sediment, resistive crust, crustal object, and the underlying mantle. We determine the crustal 3D object parameters with account of the TM-mode potential distributions at the seawater surface restored from the synthetic experimental data obtained at the drifting station during the drift. We use the Nelder-Mead method for optimization of the object characteristics. The parameters of the object become highly similar to their test values if the trajectory of the drifting station passes through an object, covering it most fully.

The possibility of determining the orientation of H₂O molecules adsorbed on the surface of SiO₂ airgel nanopores is studied. The interaction energy of a free H₂O molecule with H₂O molecules adsorbed on the surface of a nanopore are quantum-chemical calculated for the cases of their chaotic and ordered orientations. Experimental data on the broadening of the vibrational-rotational absorption lines of H₂O in airgel nanopores are analyzed. It is shown that the experimental data correspond to the model of orderly oriented H₂O molecules on the surface of nanopores.

The H₂O absorption lines broadened by the carbon dioxide pressure were recorded using IFS 125 HR Fourier spectrometer in the spectral region of 3760-4160 cm^-1. The values of the broadening and shift coefficients of the H₂O absorption lines are determined for the Voigt profile and the modified Voigt profile which takes into account the dependence of the broadening on the speed of the colliding molecules. The parameters of the H₂O absorption lines obtained in the work allow more accurate determination of the H₂O concentration in the carbon dioxide atmospheres of the planets, as well as more accurate calculation of these parameters for other spectral regions.

Results of calculating the spectrum of phosphorus monoxide (PO) fluorescence bands are presented. It is shown that the use of excitation radiation with wavelengths near the bandheads of the ( P₂₂ + Q₁₂) and P₁₂ branches of the A²Σ⁺ ( v ′ = 0) - X²Π_3/2 ( v ″ = 0) band provides a spectral separation of the γ (0, 1) PO fluorescence band and the vibrational-rotational Raman spectrum of oxygen. The spectra of the γ (0, 1) fluorescence band of PO fragments of dimethylmethylphosphonate and the vibrational-rotational band of spontaneous Raman scattering on atmospheric oxygen molecules were experimentally obtained under exposure to KrF-laser radiation at a wavelength of 247.78 nm. It is shown that the results of calculations of the shape and position of the fluorescence spectra are in good agreement with the experimental data.

The absorption spectrum of ¹³CH₄ in the range from 9000 to 9200 cm^-1 is studied using a Bruker IFS-125M Fourier spectrometer at temperatures from 208 to 296 K. The lines of the R-branch of the 3ν₃¹³CH₄ band are identified up to the rotational quantum number J = 11. The list of identified lines includes nine previously unknown lines with high rotational quantum numbers. For the first time, 32 levels of the state (0030) of the ¹³CH₄ molecule were interpreted according to the symmetry types ( А₁, А₂, F₁, F₂, E ) up to J = 10.

New data are presented on the dependence of the function of the refractive index of soot particles on their average size in the visible and near-IR spectral regions found by the method of laser-induced incandescence. The sunlight absorption by soot aerosols is currently calculated with a value of the refractive index function of about 0.2 at a wavelength of 550 nm regardless of the origin of soot particles and their variability. The new data confirm the dependence of the optical properties of soot on the size of particles and conditions of their formation, which is related to the degree of their graphitization. It is shown that the solar radiation absorption by soot aerosol can double as compared to the commonly accepted values if taking into account the particle size distribution.

Statistical parameters are presented for the concentrations of heavy metals of the first, second, and fourth hazard classes in dust samples. The correlation analysis of the concentrations of some heavy metals is carried out. The interannual variations in the concentrations of Co, As, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe₂O₃, V, MnO, Cr, TiO₂, and Sr in samples of atmospheric aerosol in south-central part of Tajikistan are studied. The air mass motion trajectories are constructed according to the HYSPLIT model, which correspond to transport of the pollutants.

The study shows a possibility of practical application of remote sensing data for digital marking and determination of the areas with a high content of suspended matter in sea coastal waters. Using the example of the region at the southwestern coast of Crimea, the relationship between seasonal and domestic winds and cases of increased suspended matter content is shown based on data of high- and medium-resolution optical satellite sensors in 2017-2019. The contribution of continental runoff depends on season; it is weaker compared to the action of the wind. The approach suggested can be useful for prompt mapping of the dynamics of suspended matter based on satellite observations from several sources.

The problem of fluid withdrawal (or injection) from a reservoir into a well in the presence of a hydraulic fracture perpendicular to the wellbore in the mode of a constant pressure difference between the wellhead and the reservoir is considered. Analytical solutions are obtained that describe the evolution of pressure in the fracture and fluid flow into the well. Approximate solutions are constructed using the method of successive change of stationary states. The comparison of exact and approximate solutions of problems for determining the pressure fields in the fracture and the volumetric flow rate of fluid from the well into the fracture is carried out and it is shown that they practically coincide (the relative difference does not exceed 1-2%). In this case, the calculation time for approximate solutions is significantly reduced. This contributes to the creation of effective calculation algorithms for transient modes of well operation in reservoirs with complicated reservoir characteristics. The influence of reservoir characteristics of a reservoir and a fracture on the evolution of pressure in the fracture and fluid flow into the well is analyzed.

The results of simulation of the process of unsteady fluid filtration in a formation penetrated by a well, which is crossed by a vertical hydraulic fracture of finite length, are presented. Using the method of integral Laplace transformations, an analytical solution of the system of equations describing fluid filtration in a formation and a fracture is constructed. Based on the analysis of the obtained solutions, the main characteristic features of the studied filtration process in the system reservoir - fracture.

A variant of the refrigerator emitter made of aluminum alloy with anti-meteoroid protection of the tube with a coolant in the form of a bumper, which is a radiating surface, is presented. An approximate method for calculating the stationary thermal state and pressure losses in the device has been developed. A prototype was made and tested. It is shown that the calculated and experimental data are in good agreement. A computational analysis of an efficient (efficiency parameter is equal to 3.27 kg/m2) protected (the probability of non-damage within two years is equal to 0.97) device made of aluminum alloy with a power of 570 kW is performed when the coolant is cooled from 250 to 110oC.

The shortcomings of the classical mathematical theory of plasticity are investigated, on the basis of which the processes of plastic deformation of metals are developed and studied. Using the previously proposed physical and mathematical theory of plasticity of metals, the process of plastic structure formation of the 1570P alloy (Al-Mg-Sc system) was studied, and the applicability of this theory to the formulation and solution of boundary value problems of plasticity in the development of modern technical devices was shown.

The problem of bending of a plate with arbitrary holes and cracks is solved with the use of complex potentials of the theory of bending of thin electromagnetic elastic plates. Moreover, with the help of comformal mapping, expansion of holomorphic functions into the Laurent series or Faber polynomials owing to satisfaction of boundary conditions by the least squares method, the problem is reduced to an overdetermined system of linear algebraic equations, which is then solved by the method of singular expansions. Results of numerical investigations for a plate with two elliptical holes or cracks and for a plate with a hole and a crack (including an edge crack) are reported. The influence of physical and mechanical properties of the plate material and geometric characteristics of holes and cracks on the basic characteristics of the electromagnetic elastic state is studied.

In this study, the Rayleigh-Ritz method is used to analyse the vibration of a point-supported rectangular plate with a concentrated mass. The deformation and the first-order natural frequency under various working conditions are calculated. The results are compared with those obtained by the finite element method.

The critical load (force) is estimated for a space with a disk-shaped crack, in the case when a concentrated force acts on its edges along the circumference. It is shown that it is impossible to determine the ultimate force with the help of classical fracture criteria, so a structural strength criterion formulated for axisymmetric problems is used. The relationship between fracture toughness and crack size is investigated and a two-criteria fracture diagram is constructed.

Using the nonlinear equations of elasticity theory and the geometric theory of defects, a cylindrical dislocation in an incompressible Mooney - Rivlin body is investigated. A cylindrical dislocation consists of two hollow concentric cylinders, one of which is inserted into the other and glued after a corresponding symmetrical deformation. The approaches of the classical theory of elasticity and the geometric theory of defects are compared, which made it possible to give a physical interpretation of the tensor momentum energy density in the Einstein equations for a cylindrical dislocation.

Based on the modified couple stress theory and stress relaxation phenomenon, the governing equation of motion for a double viscoelastic nanoplate system is established, and the bending analysis of the system is performed. Using Navier's method, an analytical solution of the transverse relative deflection for two nanoplates is obtained. The effects of geometrical and physical factors on the bending behavior of the system are discussed. It is concluded that the transverse relative deflection of two nanoplates depends upon the relaxation time, ratio of the delayed to initial extensional elastic moduli, and damping parameters.

The paper presents the results of tests of a system for monitoring the rolling surface of freight car wheelsets in motion using dynamic strain measurement. The research was carried out at a test ring under the conditions of multiple repetition of train load to evaluate the reproducibility of the results of strain measurements. During each passage of the train through the measuring section, a high-speed system with a sampling frequency of 64 kHz measured the strain of the rail neck caused by the impact of the wheels of the rolling stock. A specially developed software was used to automatically identify defective wheels from the obtained data and determine the dynamic force of wheel impact on the rail. The repeatability of strain measurement data was evaluated by comparing them with the results of visual and measuring control of the rolling stock conducted before the beginning of the tests.

Sustainable development of rice production in Russia requires serious scientific argumentation from the economical point of view. The analysis of journal articles of domestic specialists devoted to rice production economy reveals their relatively high number (44 works during 5 years) and diversity (11 themes attributed to 3 thematic clusters). The geographical distribution of these articles is highly uneven, and the majority of them are linked by focus and authors’ affiliation to the Krasnodar Region. Meantime, several regions developing rice production (also very successfully) lack the relevant articles. Many articles bear limited citations of sources, and the use of fresh international information is minimal. The results indicate on the interest of Russian specialists to the economical aspects of rice production, although the current state of the related scientific argumentation is a kind of challenge to sustainability of this direction of crop production, and this requires implementation of special research initiatives.

The main problems hindering the timely implementation of the adopted programs for the long-term development of the country’s economy are identified and analyzed. The role of science and technology in achieving strategic advantages by economic entities is substantiated, as well as the need to update and strengthen the scientific, technical and innovative potential of domestic enterprises, primarily chemical industries and mechanical engineering. The options for financing programs of socio-economic development of the country are proposed.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created huge challenges for all aspects of life, including social, economic, social activities, healthcare, government and business activities. After the mandatory closure and quarantine, there is new hope in the fight against the virus, as vaccines and new precautions have been implemented around the world, but the crisis is not over yet. Many lessons from this crisis are still being learned, indicating the need for human resource managers to review lessons learned from past emergencies and disasters, in addition to organizational responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, existing human resources management plans and policies, occupational safety and health procedures, and plans to ensure continuity of operations in future emergencies will need to be reviewed.

Large-scale digitalization of the economy has provoked the emergence of new forms of employment, which are classified as non-standard according to the International Labor Organization. The article considers the development of job sharing as a megatrend of digital globalization in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic. The possibilities and risks of using job sharing are considered. The results of the author’s study of the use of job-sharing in the face of the challenges of the BANI-world are presented.

The article considers the public procurement system as a tool for the fiscal policy within the framework of the implementation of state programs, national and federal projects of the Russian Federation, as support for small businesses, as an object of antimonopoly regulation. The aim of the work is to reflect institutional changes in the public procurement system in the context of the development of digitalization processes. The indicators affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of procurement activities are identified, based on the analysis of the state of procurement activities of the Russian Federation for 2017-2020, an assessment of the effectiveness of the contract system of the Russian Federation is given. Institutional changes in the public procurement system have had a significant impact on reducing transaction costs, increasing the level of competition, taking into account the possibility of participating in procurement regardless of the geographical location of participants, increasing the efficiency of procurement processes. The result of the article is to clarify the main indicators of efficiency and effectiveness of procurement activities, as well as to propose new performance indicators that are aimed at ensuring competitiveness, budget savings, compliance with legislation in the field of procurement, support for small businesses and the implementation of national projects.

The article considers the main indicators of industrial production in Berdsk, city in the Novosibirsk Region, in a period of 2012-2019. In particular, the dynamics of industrial output and volume of innovative products of Berdsk was analyzed. The analysis was carried out both for gross values of the mentioned indicators and their indices of actual volume, i.e. the dynamics was analyzed without regard to price level change. The contribution of industry to the economy of Berdsk was revealed. Core enterprises of the city and small innovative enterprises, where certain high-tech manufacturing is formed, were defined. The comparison of the main indicators, characterizing industrial production of Berdsk, with similar indicators for the Novosibirsk Region in general was made. It was revealed that the development of this f

The article considers the issues of improving financial literacy of the population and develops its multifactorial model. It is concluded that digital financial literacy contributes to the formation of sustainable skills among the population that help to search, evaluate and choose financial services to improve the quality of life. Users of financial services are becoming more informed, responsible and selective in their financial decisions, and mathematical tools for analyzing financial culture provide an opportunity to make an objective analysis of financial activity and explain the legality or illegality of certain actions in digital profiles of citizens, which indirectly helps to ensure personal financial security.

The article analyzed the main problems of the world development related to the increasing pollution of oceans, land and space at the hands of human population and as a result of the activities of legal entities which are producers of the most types of products. Inter-country (by the example of the USA, Canada and some European countries) comparison of the experience in solving the waste management problem in the context of legislative, economical and organizational measures was made. The authors suggested several indicators as the criteria of assessment of efficiency of the system of the measures for prevention of waste formation, recycling, removal and reuse. The problematics in the Russian Federation was also assessed, including the progress of the “Ecology” national project implementation, and the recommendations regarding increase of efficiency of the state and municipal management in this field of social development in dual context of the commitment to the experience of the North American continent and own way of formation of a new model of waste management, with specialized hubs located near large cities and industrial centers acting as central cores, as well as creation of the incentive system for individuals and legal entities regarding the employment of separate waste collection technology.

The article considers in depth the key aspects of implementation of the “Health” national project in the territory of the South Siberian macroregion (Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo Regions, Altai Territory, Republic of Altai); the emphasis is laid on the comparative analysis of the state and dynamics of the main indicators of health, indicators of development of healthcare systems of the macroregion subjects in 2005 - 2018 time interval; open data of government statistics, information posted at the websites of authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, ratings of the territories and authorial assessments of the processes in progress were used as information base; conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made.

The article reveals methodological guidelines of the scientific study of healthcare system as a space for the construction and reproduction of social trust/distrust in Russian society. It is investigated how the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, in terms of media rhetoric and health policy of the last decades, have affected trust in healthcare institute in Russia today. The cognitive limitation of the modern concepts is connected with the reduction of social trust to positive perceptions of health services and their external accessibility, although it should rather be about the result of influence of the social situation, culture as well as individual traits, social values, attitudes and self-preservation behavioral patterns. It is shown that there is methodological turn significance from quantitative sociological assessments of medical care consumers’ satisfaction to qualitative interpretive practices of different institutional agents’ activities that allow revealing the deep socio-economic, organizational, managerial and socio-cultural factors of distrust in the healthcare sphere. The author comes to conclusion that the polyparadigmality and multidisciplinary constitute the key conceptual advantage of sociological methodology, since social trust in healthcare is a complex and layered reality, with its own internal dynamics and structure.

The article is devoted to changing the role of a person in a changing social reality. The social background constructed to date has become a qualitatively defining marker and a bifurcation point for a profound change in the habitual way of life of society. In this regard, it is possible to state the formation of multilevel system-paradigm, socio-cultural shifts both in the social reality itself, the usual way of life, in the established pictures of the world of modern society, and in the minds of people. In this regard, the question arises about man as the main factor and at the same time the subject of ongoing transformations. Using the example of transhumanism as one of the actively developing practice-oriented philosophical trends, the author analyzes the main trends in changing attitudes towards a person, his role and place in social reality.

For a comprehensive study of the topic, several methods were used: analysis of messages in social media, telephone survey and focus group interviews. It was found that almost half of the respondents did not have a clear idea of what the right to health care includes; others envision the right as mostly free, high quality and accessible medical care. Authors identified the need of residents for medical care and assessed the volume of rights violations (January-September 2020). The study described the main behavioral strategies of population when faced with rights violation: avoiding the problem, solving the problem “on the spot”, solving the problem after violation. The study presents practical recommendations on organization and structure of channels for citizens’ appeal and awareness campaigns.

In this article, the author compares the effectiveness of TensorFlow detection models in solving the problem of detecting areas with eyes in human face photo. Experiments of two types were carried out: additional training of a pretrained detection model and training of the model from scratch. Face images from Flickr-Faces-HQ Dataset were used to form training and evaluation samples. The article describes the training parameters, shows classification and localization loss graphs, assesses the accuracy of the trained models, and also demonstrates the operation of the “SSD MobileNet V2 FPNLite 320×320” detection model trained from scratch, which received the highest accuracy scores after additional training and training from scratch. For programs with a requirement for IoU of detected objects greater than 0.5, the accuracy of the model is 99.9 %. The results of the experiments can be applied in various researches, that use the TensorFlow platform to detect objects in images, and only one class of objects is detected.

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the indicators characterizing the use of three types of information and communication technologies, namely wired and wireless Internet, own websites, as well as electronic data exchange by Russian organizations. The official information of Rosstat for 2020 was used as empirical data. Empirical data modeling was based on the density functions of the normal distribution. The study showed that about 78 % of organizations used the Internet, 44 % of organizations had their own websites, 49 % of them carried out electronic data exchange.

The article substantiates the scientific inconsistency of modern economic theory, which is based on the market model of production relations. It is proved that they have entered the final phase of their development - a digital format in which they reach their limit and must be replaced by a more progressive type of economic mechanism. It is verified that he must obey the action of the ethical laws of being, according to which the material basis and the mental superstructure of society constitute a single configuration that ensures the harmonious development of the individual. The article gives a description of the subject and method of alternative economics, as well as the most important principles that make up its foundation.