The problems concerning the restoration of natural populations are discussed in the article. A phased study of the processes of reconstruction of populations was carried out using six rare Siberian species: Allium eduardi Stearn ex Airy Shaw (Amaryllidaceae), Brachanthemum krylovii Sergievsk. (Asteraceae), Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. (Fabaceae), Viola taynensis T. Elisafenko et Ovczinnikova, V. dactyloides Schult., V. ingolensis T. Elisafenko and hybrid Viola x incissecta Vl.V. Nikit. (Violaceae). The conclusions are made regarding the success of restoration work for populations of each species based on the results obtained in the reconstruction process. Th e problems of choosing a place for reconstruction and genotypic matching of the donor and recipient are considered. Th e agricultural activities to reduce competition must be organized in the early years. It was noted that the temp of development and morphological characteristics of reintroducents correspond to the development of plants of natural populations for most species and this depends on the biological characteristics of a particular species. Th e possibility of reconstructing Hedysarum theinum, Viola dactyloides, V. ingolensis and Viola x incissecta in existing cenoses has been identifi ed. Th e search for new reconstruction sites for V. taynensis and the use of translocation and repatriation (in vitro) for Brachanthemum krylovii are necessary.
For the first time, a mineral spring was investigated in the Novosibirsk region, located in the spurs of the Salair ridge (Western Siberia). The material for this article is the results of processing 25 algological samples collected in July and October 2018. Deposits and films of algae were removed from the pebbles, concrete and iron gutters, carried out squeezing of mosses growing in the stream, and collected silt from the bottom. During the collection of the material, the temperature and pH of the water were measured. The algae was examined using a “Amplival” Carl Zeiss Jena light microscope when magnifi ed from 640 to 1600 times. The list of algae includes 58 species belonging to 30 genera, 19 families, and 4 divisions. It was found that the basis of algoflora is diatoms and green algae. The dominants of Meridion circulare and Diatoma mesodon were identified. An ecological and geographical analysis was carried out, according to which the algoflora is represented by benthic species, with a predominance of indifferent forms in relation to the halobicity and active reaction of the environment. The marked predominance of betamethasone and oligosaprobic. Cosmopolitans and boreal species dominated geographically.
The study of the fl ora of Novosibirsk Oblast provided the records of new species of Stipa genus: S. dasyphylla , S. lessingiana , S. pulcherrima , S. praecapillata , as well as new finds of the rare and endangered S. zalesskii . Th e work was based on the studies of vegetation cover in the territory of Novosibirsk Oblast that had been conducted since 1987. In the course of those studies, a database of georeferenced geobotanical relevés was compiled in IBIS 7.2 environment. It facilitated the query of vegetation plots containing Stipa plants. In the given study, we show the distribution of Stipa species within Novosibirsk Oblast, give their phytocoenotic and ecological characteristics, and provide the identification key to nine species growing in the region. At present, nine Stipa species grow in the territory of Novosibirsk Oblast. Three of them are widely distributed within the steppe and forest-steppe zones: S. capillata , S. pennata , and S. zalesskii . Five species are known from a limited number of sites. Th e species S. dasyphylla rarely occurs as a component of rich forb - bunchgrass meadow steppes confined to dry valley slopes on the right bank of the Ob’. Th e species S. pulcherrima was recorded in rich forb - bunchgrass steppes covering the only dry valley network. Th e species S. borysthenica is a facultative psammophyte characteristic for sandy steppes of the steppe zone. In the territory of Novosibirsk Oblast, it prevails in Stipa steppes confined to sandy soils in Kupinsk District. The three species, Stipa lessingiana , S. praecapillata , and S. korshinskyi , were recorded in forb - bunch grass true steppes in the south-west of the Oblast abut with Kazakhstan. This territory features the least amount of precipitation and high temperatures, while the communities with the rare Stipa species represent the most xeric variants of steppes of Novosibirsk Oblast. Th e species S. dasyphylla and S. pulcherrima are listed in the Red Data book of the Russian Federation (Krasnaya kniga…, 2008) and to be entered to the next edition of the Red Data book of Novosibirsk Oblast. Stipa borys thenica is a dominant species of sandy steppes that are exceptionally rare for Novosibirsk Oblast. Th e species Stipa lessingiana , S. praecapillata and S. korshinskyi that grow in forb - bunchgrass true steppes in the south-west of the Oblast are also rare. High anthropogenic load represents a critical threat to the existence of steppe ecosystems.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:161:"T.V. An’kova1, P.D. Gudkova2, N.S. Nuzhdina1, I.Yu. Selyutina1, I.E. Smelyanskiy3, S.V. Titova4";}
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:400:"1Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 101, Zolotodolinskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia ankova_tv@mail.ru 2Altai State University, 61, Lenina Av., Barnaul, 656049, Russia 3LLC “Sibecocenter”, 20A, Rogacheva str., Berdsk, Novosibirsk Oblast, 633009, Russia 4Institute of Geography RAS, 29, Staromonetniy lane, Moscow, 119017, Russia";}
Keywords: Красная книга Алтайского края, Красная книга Российской Федерации, новые местона хождения, плейстоценовый реликт, сосудистые растения, флористические находки, floristic findings, Red Book of Altai Krai, Red Book of the Russian Federation, new locations, vascular plants, Pleistocene relicts
Monitoring of known locations and finding of new populations of species listed in the Red Book are necessary for the adoption of effective protection measures: the creation of specially protected natural area regulation of economic activities. The foothills of the Western Altai, a unique region of humid true herb-rich-bunchgrasses steppe communities, is the key importance for the conservation of biodiversity of the steppes of Russia and needs special attention of environmental organizations (Smelyanskiy et al., 2005). In 2011-2018 field studies of large steppe massifs of several admini strative regions of the Altai Krai: Zmeinogorskiy, Krasnoshchekovskiy, Kuryinskiy, Loktevskiy, Tretyakovskiy, Shipunovskiy, were conducted. The studies were carried out by the route method for floristic study and find locations of rare Red Book’s species, some vouchers were send in the Herbarium of the Central Siberian Garden SB RAS [NS] (USU 440534). We found 63 locations for 19 rare species (of Alliaceae, Asphodelaceae, Brassicaceae, Dipsacaceae, Fabaceae, Fumariaceae, Iridaceae, Liliaceae, Malvaceae, Paeoniaceae, Poaceae, Polyganaceae, Ranunculaceae families). Locations are pointed on maps (Figs. 1, 2, 3). There are species of the Red Book of Altai Krai: Allium fl avescens Besser, A. tulipifolium Ledeb., Ere murus altaicus (Pall.) Steven, Galitzkya spatulata (Steph. ex Willd.) V.V. Botschantz., Scabiosa austro-altaica Bobrov, Oxy tropis inaria (Pall.) DC., Oxytropis setosa (Pall.) DC., Corydalis schanginii (Pall.) B. Fedtsch., Iris glaucescens Bunge, Tu lipa patens C. Agardh ex Schult Schult.f., Alcea froloviana (Litv.) Iljin, A. nudifl ora (Lindl.) Boiss., Paeonia hybrida Pall., Atraphaxis frutescens (L.) K. Koch, Adonis wolgensis Steven ex DC. Among them 30 new locations discovered for 12 species, including Stipa dasyphylla (Lindem.) Trautv. and S. zalesskii Wilensky of Red Data Book of the Russian Federation. We find the second location in Altai Krai for Allium fl avescens , the tird - for Galitzkya spatulata and Alcea nudifl ora . We found Astragalus depauperatus Ledeb. and A. macropterus DC. at the north-western borders of areal. Both species are Pleistocene relicts, very rare in Altai Krai, spread sporadically own areals, due to stenotopic ecological valence. We recommend to including their in the Red Book of Altai Krai with status 3a (rare species). Findings populations of rare species are in well condition. The presented data can be used for the reprint of the Red Book and Checklist flora of Altai Krai.
The information about rare species of agaricoid basidiomycetes, included in the IUCN Red List of Th reatened Species with category VU are listed. In total 5 species of agaricoid basidiomycetes are described: Arrhenia discorosea , Baeospora myriadophylla , Hygrocybe spadicea , Hygrocybe punicea , Tricholoma acerbum . Specimens are deposited in the M.G. Popov Herbarium (NSK) at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article provides detailed information on the distribution of the listed agaricoid basidiomycetes in Western Siberia, Russia and around the world, specifies the ecology and biology, outlines the key threats and protection in Russia. A map with the locations of these species in the south of Western Siberia is presented.
Typification of names was performed for two varieties of Geranium pseudosibiricum J. Mäyer - G. pseudosibiricum var. uschkanense (Popov) Peschkova and G. pseudosibiricum var. subuschkanense (Popov) Peschkova - described by M.G. Popov from the shores of Lake Baikal. Type specimens of the varieties are present in M.G. Popov Herbarium (N SK), their categories are indicated, data from protologues are cited, and notes are provided.
V.M. Vasjukov
Samara Federal Research Scientific Center of RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of the RAS, 10, Komzina str., Tolyatti, Samara region, Russian Federation, 445003 vvasjukov@yandex.ru
Keywords: Thymus, юг Восточной Сибири, Забайкальский край, Иркутская область, Республика Бурятия, Thymus, South of Eastern Siberia, Zabaikalsky Krai, Irkutsk region, Republic of Buryatia
Sedum hybridum L. belongs to perennial herbaceous succulent-leaf plants of the Crassulaceae family. In Siberia, the species is common in the steppe zone and lower zones of mountain systems. In the southern part of forest zone, it founds fragmentarily along open slopes and cliffs with steppe vegetation. S. hybridum is a valuable medicinal, ornamental and honey plant. Due to the limited distribution in the Tomsk region, this species recommended for protection. The article presents the results of in vivo ontogeny study for S. hybridum in the southern part of forest zone in Western Siberia (within the Tomsk region). The development of individuals include 4 periods and 10 ontogenetic stages. The seeds are small, obovate, dark brown and ripen in August. In laboratory testing, seeds have high germination, which significantly related with seeds photosensitivity. Seedlings are few, appear immediately after ripening and dissemination, or in the next year spring. In the early stages of ontogenesis, the development of individuals proceeds slowly. At least 5-6 years plants pass before the first blossom. The generative period is the longest stage in the life circle of individuals. In a middle-aged generative state, individuals reach their maximal development and begin active vegetative propagation, which subsequently leads to its disintegration into new individuals. New formed clone consists of the old parental generative individual - a genet and separated particles - the ramets. Ramets formation is the results of normal or traumatic plants partitioning. They have a little bit rejuvenation (to a virgin state) and themselves are capable of repeated partitioning. Further development of ramets are similar to the development of individuals of seed origin. The transition to the postgenerative period accompanied by the gradual destruction of the perennial part of the individual with the formation of already non-viable particles. Thus, in nature, S. hybridum extremely rarely passages the complete life cycle by one seed originated individual without formation of vegetative progeny. Ontogenesis of this species is complete, complex and includes genets and ramets ontogeny.
The ontomorphogenesis of Z. pamiroalaica (Lamiaceae) was studied in the conditions of the Western Pamir (Tajikistan). The ontogenesis of individuals is complex and consists of the ontogenesis of the seed individual and the partial ontogenesis of the particles. In ontogenesis of an individual, the following phases of morphogenesis change: primary shoot (p, j) - primary bush (im-g2) - clone (g3-ss). It is established that in the belt of cryophilic vegetation at an altitude of over 4000 m above sea level. m. a cushion life form is formed in the species. It is shown that the cushion structure is formed by two types of sympodially growing skeletal axes: orthotropic and plagiotropic. The nature of the death of shoots in the structure of the cushion corresponds to the death of shoots of the semi-wood type. The distinctive features of the ontomorphogenesis of individuals of the species were revealed: later (in the mature generative state) the formation of the cushion, the fragility of orthotropic branched skeletal axes, the death of the main root and the formation of a clone, the duration of ontogenesis up to 25-28 years.
The right bank of the Ob River within the Novosibirsk Region represents a piedmont plain adjacent to the Salair Ridge in the West. This territory features erosive landforms with a dense network of river valleys and draws. Th e ravine-draw networks in West Siberia act as reserves for natural vegetation (Laschinsky et al., 2014). The aim of the study was to describe the sintaxonomical diversity and spatial distribution of dry meadow communities growing on the right bank of the Upper Ob basin within the Novosibirsk Region. The study was conducted in the basins of minor rivers which are the Ob, Berd and Inya tributaries. The study was based on 245 geobotanical relevés. The study area is situated in the forest-steppe zone (Kuminova et al., 1963; Makunina, Maltseva, 2008; Makunina, 2016). According to the ecological-fl oristic classification meadow vegetation is represented by 6 associations, 5 subassociations and 3 variants that belong to 2 suballiances, 4 alliances, 4 orders and 2 classes (Table 1). The most widespread meadows are those of the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea . Forest meadows of the order Carici macrourae-Crepidetalia sibiricae form the edge of forests patches. Draw bottoms and shaded slopes are the best places for developing moderately moist forest meadows of the association Crepidetum sibiricae , subassociation C. s. typicum , represented by three variants (Table 2). The typical communities of this subassociation occur mainly within the Inya-Berd interfl uve. They are confined to the edges of moist small-leaved forests on the upper and middle parts of draw slopes and in depressions. Th e variant Delphinium elatum combines communities of the moistest habitats and is diagnosed by mesohygrophyte species. They occur in ravines, bottoms and lower parts of draw slopes in the north-eastern part of the studied region. Th e variant Serratula coronata combines the most xerophytic communities of the subassociation. They are common in the central part of the Upper Ob basin and in the areas adjacent to Suzun and Karakan pinewoods. They form the edges of forests. They are composed of mesophytes and mesoxerophytes which are characteristic for the forest-steppe birch and birch-pine forests. The edges of zonal birch and aspen-birch forests on the upper and middle parts of draw slopes of various aspects are represented by natural dry forest meadows of the association Filipendulo vulgaris-Brachypodietum pinnati (Table 3). Flattened watersheds and inter-draw areas are covered with derived communities of stepped meadows of the association Filipendulo vulgaris-Dactylidetum glomeratae of the order Galietalia veri (Table 5). True meadows of the order Arrhenatheretalia are developed on old fallow lands and are represented by communities of the subassociations Cirsio setosi-Phleetum pratensis dactyletosum glomeratae and Festuco pratensis-Dac tylidetum glomeratae trifolietosum pratensis (Table 4). A new association Peucedani morisonii-Calamagrosti etum epigeii ass. nov. hoc loco was described and attributed to the class Festuco-Brometea . Its communities are confined to the light-exposed draw slopes and represent the most xeric stepped meadows in the studied area (Table 6). The nomenclature type (holotypus hoc loco): table 6, rel. 2 (field number 19-372), Novosibirsk Region, Cherepanovsky District, Posevnaya settlement vicinities, 54.30933° N, 83.26871° E, 21.06.2019, author: A.Yu. Korolyuk.
N.A. Alekseeva1, O.G. Voronova1, V.A. Glazunov2, E.V. Elisheva3, A.N. Ivanova1, O.N. Kulyov4, N.V. Kulyova5, S.A. Nikolaenko2, N.V. Khozyainova1
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:634:"1Tyumen State University, Institute of Biology, 3, Pirogova str., Tyumen, 625043, Russia 2Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS, Institute of the Problems of Northern Development, P/O box 2774, Tyumen, 625003, Russia v_gl@inbox.ru 3Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution Omutinsky Secondary School No. 2, 233a, Sovetskaya str., Omutinskoe, Tyumen, 627070, Russia 4LLC Scientific and Production Enterprise “Ivolga”, 143a, Respubliki str., Tyumen, 625026, Russia 5Regional social rehabilitation center “Semiya”, 14a, Geologorazvedchikov str., Tyumen, 625026, Russia";}
Keywords: flora, new location, rare species, Red Data Book, Western Siberia
The article contains information about the new locations for 29 species of vascular plants from the regional Red Data Books, including for fi ve species from the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation ( Coleanthus subtilis , Cypripedium calceolus , C. macranthos , Neottianthe cucullata , Orchis militaris ). Rarity categories are indicated, as well as the presence in the Red Data Books of adjacent regions. For Dryopteris fi lix-mas , Lycopodiella inundata , Malaxis monophyllos recommendations for changing the status of rarity are given.
S.A. Senator1, V.M. Vasjukov2, L.A. Novikova3, A.E. Mitroshenkova4, N.S. Rakov2, S.V. Saksonov2 1Tsitsyn Main Botanical Garden N.V. Tsitsyn, RAS, 4, Botanicheskaya str., Moscow, 127276, Russia stsenator@yandex.ru 2Samara Federal Research Center of the RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of the RAS, 10, Komzina str., Tolliatti, 445003, Russia 3Penza State University, 40, Krasnaya str., Penza, 440026, Russia 4Samara State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26, Antonova-Ovseenko str., Samara, 443090, Russia
Keywords: flora, rare steppe communities, Red Data Book, valuable botanical object, Ulyanovsk region
The data on the vegetation of a valuable botanical object “Peony steppe” are presented. The stow is located in the vicinities of the village Belogorovka (Radischevskiy district of Ulyanovsk region) and is proposed for inclusion in the regional network of protected areas. In the structure of the vegetation cover the patterns of rare plant communities distribution were revealed depending on the main geomorphological and edaphic factors: semi-shrub calciferous steppes were more oft en confined to the tops and upper parts of the slopes; feather-grass and herbaceous calciphyte steppes were developed in the middle and lower parts of the slopes; restoration of many rare species of different herbaceous steppes is often carried out with some disturbance. Flora of the stow “Peony steppe” contains 248 species of vascular plants, including 9 species listed in Red Data Book of the Russian Federation: Fritillaria ruthenica , Globularia punctata , Hedysarum grandifl orum , Iris aphylla , I. pumila , Paeonia tenuifolia , Stipa pennata , S. pulcherrima , Th ymus dubjanskyi ( Th . cimicinus auct. p. max. p.) and more than 20 species listed in Red Data Book of the Ulyanovsk region: Adonanthe vernalis , Alyssum lenense , Asperula exasperata , Astragalus cornutus , Cephalaria uralensis , Euphorbia pseudagraria , Goniolimon elatum , Helictotrichon desertorum , Linum perenne , Polygala sibirica , Scabiosa isetensis , Stipa korshinskyi et al. The stow is characterized by presence of rare calcifi c steppe and forest vegetation including community with Paeonia tenuifolia .
The composition and content of phenolic compounds in the leaves and infl orescences of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. in natural conditions and the introduction were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The samples for the study were picked in natural cenopopulation of Altai Republic and Novosibirsk region and at the introduction division of the CSBG SB RAS. Flavonols, fl avones and phenolic acids is represented in plant extracts. Hyperoside, rutin and ellagic acid were identified as the main components in the above-ground organs of A. pilosa . The highest contents of rutin (6.31 mg/g) and hyperoside (4.53 mg/g) were found in infl orescences and leaves of plants from the Ust-Koksinsky district of the Altai Republic. A sample from the natural population of Novosibirsk region is released by the largest amount of ellagic acid in leaves (2.26 mg/g) and infl orescences (4.12 mg/g). The smallest content of all identified substances was detected in plants from the introduction population. It was found that the total fl avonoid content studied by spectrophotometric method in the above-ground organs of A. pilosa is quite high and ranges from 2.66 to 4.37 % in the leaves and from 3.15 to 4.87 % in inflorescences. It was noted that the content of individual flavonoids and the total content of flavonoids are higher in the infl orescences of A. pilosa than in the leaves.
E.V. Zheludeva1, L.S. Yakovchenko2, T.V. Makryi3 1Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, 18, Portovaya str., Magadan, 685000, Russia elena.zheludeva.88@mail.ru 2Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, 159, 100th Anniversary of Vladivostok Ave., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia lidiyakovchenko@mail.ru 3Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 101, Zolotodolinskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia tatiana.makryi@gmail.com
Keywords: lichens, new records, distribution, Russian Far East
It is reported about 17 species of lichens, new to the North-Eastern Priokhotye within the Magadan Region: Acarospora veronensis A. Massal., Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins et Scheid., Aspicilia cinerea (L.) Körb., Caloplaca cerina (Ehnh. еx Hedw.) Th . Fr., Lecanora circumborealis Brodo et Vitik., L. polytropa (Hoff m.) Rabenh., L. pulicaris (Pers.) Ach., L. symmicta (Ach.) Ach., Lecidella euphorea (Flörke) Hertel, L. stigmatea (Ach.) Hertel et Leuckert, Lepra panyrga (Ach.) Hafellner, Myriospora smaragdula (Wahlenb.) Nägeli ex Uloth, Ochrolechia androgyna (Hoff m.) Arnold, Ophioparma lapponica (Räsänen) Hafellner et R.W. Rogers, Pertusaria coriacea (Th . Fr.) Th . Fr., Rhizocarpon grande (Flörke ex Flot.) Arnold, Tremolecia atrata (Ach.) Hertel. Two species among them, Myriospora smaragdula and Caloplaca cerina are new for the Magadan Region. Data on new locality and habitats as well as distribution within the Russian Far East are presented.
Information on seasonal development of early-blooming plants in Buryatia is presented. Analysis of long-term phenological studies with 50-year span and blooming dynamic for Pulsatilla patens from end of XIX century till beginning of XXI century have been elaborated. Mapping of blooming of P. patens in different regions of Buryatia revealed eco-geographic features of species phenology. Using phenological information on the base of herbarium specimens of Amygdalus pedunculata showed perspectives of such approach for estimating seasonal development of the species.
A.G. Shiryaev, V.A. Mukhin
Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, UB RAS, 202, 8 March str., Ekaterinburg, 620144, Russia anton.g.shiryaev@gmail.com
Keywords: global warming, forest-tundra, monitoring, indicators, remote sensing, fungal ecology, Arctic, Russia
Due to the climate warming in the Arctic, natural zones are shifting to the north, while typical forest species different groups of living organisms are increasing ability in areas where previously the basic positions were occupied by the Arctic-Alpine species (Walker et al., 2012; Shiryaev et al., 2019; Myers-Smith et al., 2020). Th e 40-years long dynamic on dominant species abundance of wood-inhabiting Poroid fungi in the southern Yamal Peninsula (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District) due to climate change was studied. The data on fungi abundance are based on the results obtained by Prof. V.A. Mukhin (1993) in the early 1980s. Repeated syntopic studies were carried out in 2018 and 2019. Changes in the abundance were studied by two methods: direct - implying the registration of accounting units (fruiting bodies) of fungi for an area (specimens/hectare); and indirect - an estimation of the proportion of woody substrates inhabited by fungi (%). Both methods showed similar results. In areas that 40 years ago were characterized by the “forest-tundra” abundance of boreal fungi, the abundance has changed and corresponds to the “northern boreal” indicators. Over the 40-year period, the average annual air temperature in the study area increased by 0.8 °С, and therefore the “forest-tundra” abundance of Poroid fungi species shifted to the north. For fungi growing on deciduous wood in zonal habitats, the displacement averaged 47 km/1 °С, while for those associated with conifers - 31.5 km/1 °С. This result indicates that Poroid fungi are clear indicators of ongoing climate warming in the Arctic.
The reproductive biology of Ajuga reptans (Lamiaceae) was studied in the Moscow region. A. reptans is a perennial, chasmogamous species that occurs relatively frequently in Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, Agrostietea stoloniferae, Galio-Urticetea dioicae, and Carpino-Fagetea communities. According to our data (Godin, Akhmetgarieva, 2019), A. reptans is a gynodioecious species that forms two types of flowers on the different plants. Gynodioecy is a type of a breeding system where, when pistillate flowers are produced on some plants, it perfects flowers on other plants (Rivkin et al., 2016; Godin, 2019, 2020). There is too little information about the reproductive system of A. reptans as the gynodioecious species. The reproductive biology of A. reptans was studied, specifically addressing the following: P/O ratio, breeding system, and seed production. Pollination and breeding system observations were carried out in a natural population. A gauze bag was used to bag 10 inflorescences from 10 diff erent individual plants; the remaining inflorescences (control) were always within sight of potential pollinators. Because bagged perfect and pistillate fl owers of A. reptans produced no fruits, newly opened flowers were hand-pollinated with pollen from the same flower or from the other plants and the flowers were subsequently bagged in order to detect self-incompatibility. The presence of agamospermy was investigated by emasculating flowers immediately before anthesis, followed by bagging. The number of seeds produced in each treatment was counted at the end of fructifi cation. The mean values of the P/O ratio for A. reptans flowers were from 592 to 731. According to ideas of R.W. Cruden (1977), A. reptans refers to the facultative xenogamic species. Neither two types of sexual plants produced seeds from emasculated and bagged flowers, which indicates the absence of agamospermy. Seed production by self-pollinated, by hand, and bagged perfect fl owers of A. reptans was 75.5 %, indicating the presence of certain self-pollination and geitonogamy. Seed production (control, free pollination) of perfect flowers and plants are significantly higher than pistillate flowers and female plants. Th ese differences are related to a low activity of different insects that visit fl owers of A. reptans , especially pistillate fl owers. There are no differences in seed production of perfect and pistillate flowers when they are pollinated by hand because, in such situations, an abundance of pollen occurs.
The results of the analysis of literature on ecology and geographical distribution over zones and subzones of 60 Closterium Nitzsch ex Ralfs species of West Siberian flora are presented. Data on halobity, active water reaction and saprobity are given for each of species.
On a level with research of the species diversity lichen biota of the Tuva Republic was analysed and appraised participation of 1162 lichen species from 225 genuses at main types of high-mountain phytocoenoses.
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Zolotodolinskaya str., 101, e-mail: nat.vlasova54@yandex.ru Data on type specimens for 6 taxa of the genus Silene L., 2 taxa of the genus Lychnis L., described from Eastern Siberia, are given. Taxa are kept in M.G. Popov Herbarium of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS (NSK). The 3 lectotypes, 1 isolectotype are designated, the 4 holotypes, 2 isotypes, 3 paratypes, the 1 authentic specimen are identified. A new nomenclatural combinations S. amoena L. f . glabra (Peschkova) N.V. Vlassova, comb. nov., S. chamarensis subsp. udocanica (Peschkova) N.V. Vlassova, comb. nov. are proposed. New variation S. amoena L. var. charaensis N.V. Vlassova is described from Zabaikalskiy Krai.
In this paper we present a list of type specimens of 20 taxa belonging to four genera of the Cyperaceae family that are stored in the M.G. Popov Herbarium in the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS (NSK) and partly in the Herbarium of the V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE). For each type specimen we give category, quote of the original label, and protologue data, as well as comments. We list 46 type specimens, including 4 lectotypes, 3 isolectotypes, 5 holotypes, 7 isotypes, 18 paratypes, and 9 authentic specimens. Lectotypes for name of 4 taxa were designated: Carex behringensis C.B. Clarke var. pallidior Popov, C. leucochlora Bunge var. subglabra V.N. Vassil., C. sylvatica Huds. f. angustifolia Litv., Scirpus affi nis Roth. var. maritimoides Drob. f. megalostachys Litv. Information about the 8 holotypes, 4 isotypes, 2 lectotypes, 3 isolectotypes, 2 syntypes from Herbarium LE, MW are cited.
As a result of identification of herbarium collections of 1985, 1989-1991 from the Bashchelakskiy Range, 49 species absent in the publications on the flora of this territory have been noted.
The ontogenetic structure of the сoenopopulation of Th ymus roseus was studied in different conditions of East Kazakhstan. It is established that in the steppes at the foothills and along the mountain tops of the biomorph of the species - monocentric, in the steppes along the slopes of the mountains - implicitly polycentric, in the communities of alpine meadows - explicitly polycentric. In individuals of the species of different biomorphs, biological features have been identified that determine the type of the characteristic ontogenetic spectrum of the coenopopulation. All the investigated coenopopulations are normal, in most cases they are full-membered. Th eir ontogenetic spectrums basically do not coincide with the characteristic type. Changes in the ontogenetic spectrum are associated with the conditions of growth (lack of a free substratum, high phytocenotic competition) and features of ontogenesis (skipping the mature generative state).
Variability of morphometric features in individuals from three cenopopulations of the species Rhaponticum car thamoides (Willd.) Iljin, rare for the Altai Republic, has been studied. Insuffi cient precipitation in the period preceding flowering is a limiting factor for the growth and development of plants of this species. Th e studied cenopopulations on the Seminsky Pass and the Krasnaya Mountain are normal definitive, their individuals are characterized by a suffi ciently high seed production. As a result of the moderate anthropogenic load from the fragments of rhizomes left in the soil during the harvesting of the underground part of plants, the adult generative plants become rejuvenated and the proportion of virgin individuals increases. In our opinion, intensive, uncontrolled exploitation in the collection of roots leads to a violation of the demographic structure of the cenopopulations. The recommended protection measure is the regulation of anthropogenic load in these habitats. It is necessary to further control the condition of the cenopopulations of this rare and resource species.
L.M. Kipriyanova
Institute for Water and Enviromental Problems, SB RAS, kipr@iwep.nsc.ru
Keywords: синтаксономия, водная растительность, экология, Западная Сибирь, syntaxonomy, aquatic vegetation, ecology, West Siberia
The article summarizes data on diversity, cenotic features, ecology and distribution of aquatic vegetation of the Lemnetea class in the south-east of West Siberia. 143 complete geobotanical relevés performed in 1995-2017 in Novosibirsk and Kemerovo regions, Altai Territory and Altai Republic were used. The cenotic diversity of the Lemnetea class identified was 11 associations of 3 unions and 1 order of the Braun-Blanquet approach, which is slightly higher than that identified for East Siberia (8 synthaxa of the association rank). Ceratophylletum demersi , Lemno-Utricularietum vulgaris and Stratiotetum aloidis were found in all natural zones - the forest belt of the Altai-Sayan mountain system, the forest-steppe and steppe zones. Lemno-minoris-Spirodeletum polyrhizae and Lemno-minoris-Riccietum fl uitantis were noted only in the fresh waters of the Altai-Sayan mountain system and the Ob region. Salvinio natantis-Spirodeletum polyrhizae , and Utricularietum macrorhizae were found only in the forest-steppe of the Ob region. Communities of Potamogetono-Ceratophylletum submersi association were noted in the forest-steppe and steppe of the plain part of the area surveyed, which is due to the presence of brackish water bodies there.
Defined seed production of three grades grass Lolium perenne L. destination and two samples from wild VIR. It was found that it is best to realize their potential seed mature plants (g2) of the second year of life. For all varieties revealed a significant correlation between the number and weight of seeds from the ear, significant variation from year to year of seed production potential and its weak link with the real seed productivity.
The resource base of herb Achillea millefolium L., Hypericum perforatum L., Vaccinium myrtillus L. St. John’s wort and shoots of blueberries on individual thickets in the Novosibirsk region. Chemical taxation of the studied thickets is carried out, it is established that all raw materials meet the requirements of regulatory documentation.
The mineral composition of certain plants in the buckwheat fl ora of Siberia has been assessed in terms of the quantitative content of macro- (calcium, potassium, sodium, iron) and micronutrients (zinc, barium, strontium, bromine, cobalt, silver, chromium, antimony, arsenic, gold). The prospect of using plants as raw sources for the manufacturing of phytodrugs was justifi ed.
The results of long-term studies on the effect of ultrasound and growth regulators on the rhizogenesis of Ribes atro purpureum C.A. Meyer are presented. It was found that ultrasound in the joint treatment of cuttings with solutions IBA, Tellura-M, Artemia and Solution No. 3, had no signifi cant effect on rhizogenesis. Only in the variants of Artemia + ultrasound and water + ultrasound it positively influenced the number of roots of the 2nd and 3d orders of branching. Cuttings were better rooted in the variant of Artemia, and in the variant 1 % Tellurium-M formed more roots of the 2nd and 3d orders of branching. Ultrasound and growth regulators had little effect on the rooting and rhizogenesis Ribes atropurpureum , rather than growing conditions.
The cellular organization of the mesophyll of leaf blades of coastal-aquatic plants is considered on the example of nine species from the families Juncaceae , Cyperaceae , Poaceae and Typhaceae . It is shown that the basis of the assimilative tissue of the above-water leaves in most plant species is the palisade parenchyma, represented by cells of different spatial configurations. Columnar cells of cylindrical shape with round or slightly oval bases are characteristic for plants of the families Juncaceae , Cyperaceae , Typhaceae , in the representatives of the Poaceae family, the palisade tissue is formed both by cells of simple and complex cellular contours. In this case, common features are found in the three-dimensional structure of the complicated forms of cells of the inner layers of the mesophyll in species from the families Poaceae , Cyperaceae , and Juncaceae .
The article contains information about the type materials for 27 taxa from 6 genera of the family Rosaceae kept in M.G. Popov Herbarium of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS (NSK), Herbariums of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE) and Moscow State University (MW). The type category is indicated, text of the original label and text of protologue are cited for each specimen. 88 type specimens were found in collections, including 5 lectotypes, 11 isolectotypes, 7 holotypes, 12 isotypes, 7 syntypes and 46 paratypes. Lectotypes for name of 3 taxa were designated: Chamaerhodos baicalensis Popov, Potentilla adenotricha Vodopjanova, P. ozjorensis Peschkova. Information about the 4 holotypes, 2 lectotypes, 2 paratypes from Herbarium LE and 41 isotypes from the largest virtual herbarium of the world are cited.
A cluster analysis of 39 local floras of the Putorana, Kotui and Anabar plateaus was carried out. Th ree large phytochoria of the rank of floristic regions were singled out. Their regional flora differ in their taxonomic composition, geographic and ecologo-cenotic structure. Differences are due to climatic conditions, geological structure and historical reasons.
The populations structure of Aconitum krylovii Steinb. and Aconitum septentrionale Koell was studied in the pine forest in Altai mountains. Cenopopulations of both species is normal, young, with ontogenetic spectrum left -side type. Density in A. krylovii cenopopulations loci varies from 5.1 to 9.4 adults per 1 sq. m, increasing in the middle part of the slope. The sprouts density is insignifi cant. The self-maintenance of the cenopopulation is mainly vegetative. Density in A. septentrionale cenopopulations loci is low, 2.3-2.6 adults per 1 sq. m, the seedage is suppressed. The more favorable conditions for the species is at the bottom of the slope.
Our researches were carried out in 6 river valleys of Salair Ridge. Landscapes formed by gold dredge are characteristic for studied area. One of typical landscapes are post-dredge reservoirs. We have compared the coenoflora of natural and post-dredge water reservoirs and have noticed their signifi cant difference. Both of them are characterized with Equisetum fl uviatile or Typha latifolia, which determine similar appearance, however the set of other species is diff erent. This fact is confirmed by their different ecological spectra, so newly created reservoir have another ecological characteristics and another succession status.
The syntaxonomic diversity of steppe meadows from steppe zone of North Kazakhstan was revealed. It is represented with 4 associations, 5 subassociations and 1 variant belonging to two alliances and two orders of the class Festuco-Brometea . 3 associations, 4 subassociations and 1 variant were described for the first time. Th e fl oristic peculiarities and distribution of these syntaxa were discussed.
The ISSR fingerprinting of the twelve Trollius species ( Ranunculaceae family) was used in order to establish its inter-species relationships. Based on 116 ISSR markers obtained by PCR amplification with four ISSR primers three divergent groups of species were revealed: european, siberian and far-eastern. According to the ISSR data the species T. altaicus , T. asiaticus , T. kytmanovii , T. sajanensis , have close genetic relationships, therefore introgressive hybridization between these species is permitted. The greatest genetic distance ( D = 0.428) was determined for the species T. sajanensis and T. vicarious and the smallest distance ( D = 0.091) for T. altaicus and T. asiaticus . Based on ISSR profile all individuals of T. sajanensis have been treated as hybrids.
In the result of revision of herbarium materials and literature data of genus Euphrasia from Yakutia it was clarifi ed that in Yakutia 6 species of this genus grow. Morphological characters and ecological affinity were analysed and area of each species was specified. Characters of pubescence and form of bracts have diagnostical value. Conspectus and key for species determination are presented.
Nine studied cenotic populations endemic highlands of southern Siberia Hedysarum austrosibiricum in diff erent growing conditions of the Altai Mountains in the Kuznetsky Alatau. The estimation of the state cenotic populations located in the subalpine and alpine zones of vegetation on a complex organism and population characteristics. Revealed a tolerant type of population strategy.
