The article analyzes attitudes toward the reforms expressed by the East-Siberian governor-generals and other high-ranking officials. Many of them, including N.N. Muravyov-Amurskiy and M.S. Korsakov, supported the governmental course of reforms. However the top administrators strove for greater independence and biger budget for the Far Eastern regions' development, while the liberal bureaucracy in the capital opposed both of these initiatives.
The article analyzes the instant reaction of the Siberian regionalists G.N. Potanin, N.M. Yadrintsev, S.S. Shashkov, N.I. Naumov and others to the reforms of 1860s-1870s and shows how their opinions changed in course of time.
This article is devoted to the study of reformatory activities of the Russian governors. The subject of analysis is governors' official reports «on measures taken with the purpose of reorganization of municipal government», drawn up on the instructions of Minister of Internal Affairs on the eve of serfdom's abolition in the Russian Empire.
The paper characterizes the role of the «Gubernskiye Vedomosti» («Provincial Gazette») in the provincial administration in the early period of Alexander II's reign. Based on the materials about the Tomsk and Tobolsk provinces the author finds out what problems were solved by the local administrators with the help of the official press.
The article considers the question of the law on the all-classes military service in January 1874 in Russia. The process of preparation and carrying out of the recruitment in the country and its peculiarities in Siberia is investigated. The author estimates a value of the law for the improvement of military efficiency under the conditions of rapid rise of military potential of some leading European countries. Attitude of different social groups to the law is analyzed.
I.G Adonyeva
Keywords: professional legal conscience, local justice, local court, justice of the peace, district court, idealization of law
Pages: 22-25
The paper considers specific traits of West-Siberian lawyers' legal conscience in the context of their perception of the local justice's structure and functions. The lawyers' opinions were determined by the level of their vocational training as well as by peculiarities of the regional judicial system. As a result it led to idealization of justices of the peace as described in the judicial regulations and to expectations that judicial reform will be carried out in full.
The article deals with the everyday life of justices of the peace in Western Siberia before the revolution. Peculiarities of this legal institution along with Siberian conditions created difficulties the local justices of the peace had to overcome. compared to other employees of the Ministry of Justice they were more burdened with lawsuits, wanted for material resources and suffered from disorderly life, so the results of their work were adversely affected by all these factors. The central authorities tried to take proper account of the region's specific features, but the everyday judicial work proved that all these attempts failed and the whole system of justice of the peace worked under the permanent crisis.
The article is devoted to the stages of the East Siberian legal profession's formation as a professional group. The article analyzes peculiarities of its structure and territorial distribution. The author studies the factors influenced the distribution of public solicitors. Interconnection between territorial distribution of lawyers and accessibility of professional juridical help in the Eastern Siberia is established.
A.A. Pavlov, S.E. Nikitina
Keywords: Governor of the Yakutian Oblast, socio-cultural processes, scientific studying of the region, folk education, public health, agronomical culture, educational public organizations, periodical press
Pages: 33-36
The article deals with the Councilor of State Ivan I. Kraft who was the most colorful figure of all the heads of the oblast. In the years when Ivan I. Kraft governed the Yakutian Oblast (1907-1913) the considerable socio-cultural changes took place: the cart-roads were built; delivery of mail became faster; the new stations were opened at the roads. Telephone, electricity, movies became the realities of Yakutsk citizens' life; the public and political press became widespread. Ivan I. Kraft gave special attention to enlightenment, public health, and equipping agriculture with advanced technologies.
The paper describes how historians could use the new modernization paradigm in their studies on regional history of Russia. The author shows how the nature and dynamics of modernization were influenced by the frontier location of the country bordering on different civilization worlds; by Russia's versatile climatic and environmental conditions, her rich mineral resources. He also proves that the eastern regions of Russia provide material for creating a unique «frontier model» of modernization.
The article shows the importance of studying the historical experience of mobilization methods of Siberia's development in the Soviet era. The author considers possible lines of research, the general state of research both in Western and Russian historiography.
The paper based on the documents regarding the purge in the personnel of the cooperative enterprises in 1930 analyzes the managerial staff of the Tsentrosoyuz which came in sight of the state controlling bodies. The author concludes that the cooperative managerial personnel consisted of a large number of administrators focused on market methods of procuring and manufacturing activities. They kept their top positions in the most significant spheres of cooperative sector owing to their high qualification and absence of any politically incriminating evidence. Only in the late 1920s when the government set a course for creating a system of centralized planning and refused from the private market methods the cooperatives' managers who had had a work record before the revolution were considered not only irrelevant but also dangerous for fulfillment of state programs. The planned procurements and ration card system replaced the free trade and agricultural goods purchasing as the top-priority methods of cooperation work.
The article analyzes the results of the spring agricultural campaign in 1930 in Siberia. It reveals political, economical, natural and climatic factors which lead to significant acreage reduction. One of the most important goals of the research was to define the representative and comparable sources on the basis of which one can credibly reconstruct the dynamics of planting acreages in the region in 1929-1930.
The article observes the changes in educational potential of the labours, engineering and technical workers and servants during 25 years after the World War II. The author compares educational status of the employees occupied in the building industry and other branches of material industry. The article shows the difficulties in supplying Siberian construction sites with specialists of higher and specialized secondary education, reveals the role of the system of night classes and part-time education, including schools for working youth in increase of the builders' cultural and technical level.
V.P. Timoshenko
Keywords: international division of labour, compensatory agreements, credit agreements, wood resources, oil and gas complex, transport building
Pages: 59-63
The article considers the practice of foreign technical-technological experience application in the process of Siberian development in the form of compensatory agreements. Favorable conditions have been created in Siberia for development of this form of cooperation, which has played an appreciable role in industrial development of the region.
N.A. Kupershtokh
Keywords: Academician A.L. Yanshin, geological research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Pages: 63-67
The article analyzes the Academician A.L. Yanshin's role in organizing the research activities in the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of sciences of the USSR. His work resulted in exploration of major deposits of natural resources, necessary for the development of the productive forces in Siberia and adjacent territories.
The article analyzes the party nomenclature in the Western Siberia in 1985-1991. The author shows that during perestroika significant reduction and change in the party's composition took place. In 1985-1990 the correlation between gender, age and national groups among the party cadres has not practically changed. However a number of national economy specialists and persons with higher political education increased in executive positions. Significant reduction in number of experienced workers in the party committees reflected their weakness and decrease of their status in the political system. As a result it lead to the further weakness of the KPSU.
The article deals with formation of a new sector in agrarian economy of Siberia in 1990s, its significance and input in agricultural industry and reasons of its low effectiveness.
The article is devoted to analysis of effectiveness of the Siberian scientific community participating in scientific project contests organized by the RGNF (Russian Foundation for Humanities) in 2009-2010. Based on the vast statistical data the author shows the results of projects supported by the RGNF and implemented in different fields of science; correlation between projects carried out by researchers from the Russian Academy of Sciences and from higher education institutions. Special attention is given to evaluation of results of the main contest. The article reveals unfavorable trends in contests organized during the crisis years; analyzes underlying factors which influenced these trends; among them - preferences of the contestants from the Russian Academy of Sciences.
There is a vast historiography on the Altay mining industry, its creation, its role in economic and cultural development of the local population. However researchers didn't pay much attention to the history of transportation of gold and silver from the Altay district to Saint-Petersburg. That is why an attempt was made to trace the routes of gold and silver delivery from the Altay to Saint-Petersburg in the end of the XIX century as well as to evaluate its costs (also taking into account the transportation costs). This task was accomplished on the basis of archival documents for the first time introduced for scientific use. It allowed determining not only the total expenditure of the gold and silver transportation from the Altay to the capital, but also showing separate costs for overland transport, waterways and later - for railroads.
The article studies Irkutsk custom-house activity in the second half of the XIX - early XX century. The main attention is devoted to the process of the custom-house's foundation, registration of its structure, identification of its activity bases. This makes possible to trace the volumes and flow of goods, their selection, relations between businessmen and the custom-house and its struggle with smuggling.
This article provides a review of studies conducted by historians, regional ethnographers, archaeologists, anthropologists and devoted to the history of urban cemeteries in Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Barnaul and Tyumen. The author analyzed each author's contribution into researching this issue, determines the gaps in their knowledge and prospects for future studies.
The article is devoted to pre-election struggle of candidates in the State Duma of four convocations in 1906-1912 in the Yenisei province, party identification of the Siberian deputies. The article gives consideration to the change of the elective legislation concerning Siberia and other regions of Russia after dispersal of the Second State Duma, decline in political activity of population after suppression of the first Russian revolution 1905-1907.
The article analyzes the organization of industrial enterprises' patronage of kolkhozes and sovkhozes in the middle of the 1960s - the first half of the 1980s in the Altai, Kemerovo and Novosibirsk regions. The author comes to the conclusion that under the conditions of the administrative organizing economic managing system in the agrarian sphere the organization of the patronage to agricultural producers was a desperate measure caused by shortening of labour potential in West Siberian village and weak material and technical base of the regional agricultural enterprises.
A. I. Kopylov, D. B. Kosolapov
I. D. Papanin Institute of Biology of Inland Waters RAS kopylov@ibiw.yaroslavl.ru
Keywords: Plankton microbial community, bacteria, Protozoa, the lower reach of the Ob
Pages: 3-11
Spread of the major components of the plankton microbial food chain - bacteria, heterotrophic flagellates and infusoria - in the lower reach of the Ob near Salekhard was studied. In early summer, the level of quantitative development and species diversity of protozoa were not high; heterotrophic bacteria were dominating. Their biomass exceeded that of the phyto- and zooplankton. Anthropogenic activization of bacterioplankton was detected at the river region downstream from Salekhard. The data obtained provide evidence of the importance of heterotrophic microorganisms in trophic dynamics and self-purification of the lower Ob.
O. V. Kolmakova1, M. Y. Trusova2 1 Siberian Federal University 2 Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch RAS mtrusova@ibp.krasn.ru
Keywords: free-living non-cultivated bacterioplankton, amino acids, PCR-DGGE, microecosystems, 16S ribosomal RNA
Pages: 13-21
Species (clones) of the water-reservoir bacterioplankton living on lysine and glycine were revealed in the experimental microsystems using unsterile cultivation. The structure of the community was anаlyzed using the separation of amplificated fragments of the 16S рRNA gene of the bacteria under the conditions of denаturating gradient gel electrophoresis. Identification of the dominant species (clones) of bacterioplankton was carried out using molecular cloning and determination of the nucleotide sequence of the region of 16S gene of ribosomal RNA. It was discovered that glycine, one of the prevailing amino acids of an eutrophic water reservoir, and lysine, with its lower content in natural water, served as nutrition substrates for different subdominant species (clones) of bacterioplankton. So, it was established that the species of free-living bacterioplankton are narrow-specialized with respect to the consumption of separate amino acids.
V. A. Gabyshev, O. I. Gabysheva
Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS v.a.gabyshev@ibpc.ysn.ru
Keywords: the Amga River, phytoplankton, physicochemical parameters of water, background data, water quality
Pages: 23-31
For the first time for the Amga, a large river running through Central and South Yakutia, the data on the structure of phytoplankton from the river head to its mouth have been obtained. Patterns of the development of plankton algae groupings and formation of hydrochemical water behavior of the river have been revealed. We also made a complex assessment of the water quality over physical and chemical parameters, saprobic algae and phytoplankton biomass. The background data on the structure of phytoplankton and hydrochemistry of the Amga will serve as the basis for monitoring in the case of possible disturbance of the environmental situation at the river because of the coming operation of the ES-PO oil piрeline.
G. V. Kim
Institute of Water and Ecological Problems SB RAS kimg@iwep.asu.ru
Keywords: phytoperiphyton, ecological spectrum, the Teletskoye lake
Pages: 33-41
Generalized data on the composition and structure of phytoperiphyton of the Teletskoye lake on different substrates (stones, higher aquatic plants and their fall) are presented It is noted that, in spite of differences in structure and abundance, periphyton aalgal communities on different substrates have a similar ecological spectrum. This gives one the possibility to use the periphyton algal communities on different substrates to evaluate the quality of water in the lake.
V. A. Bakalin1, O. A. Chernyagina2, V. E. Kirichenko2 1 Institute of Soil Biology FEB RAS 2 Kamchat Affiliation of the Pacific Institute of Geography FEB RAS v_bak@list. ru, defens@mail.kamchatka.ru
Keywords: Hepaticae, Russian Far East, thermal habitats, thermophiles, Kamchatka
Pages: 43-50
The flora of liverworts (Hepaticae) in the nearest surroundings of thermal sources at Kamchatka is described. It is revealed that the wide propagation of hydrothermal activity over Kamchatka allows conserving some heat-loving taxons and growing a small group of species occurring only in the vicinity of thermal fields over the entire natural habitat. In general, the taxonomix diversity of Hepaticae from thermal habitats is rather low: 45 species have been revealed.
E. L. Ermakov
Research Institute of Biology at the Irkutsk State University ermakov_eugeny@mail.ru
Keywords: Lake Baikal, zooplankton, variance anаlysis, abundance, population
Pages: 51-58
On the basis of the data obtained in collecting the zooplankton samples for 10-day periods in water layer 0-250 m during the years 2001-2004, the saeasonbal dynаmics of abundance and age structure of the natural population of Episсhura baiсalensis Sars, 1900 (Copepoda, Calanoida)from Southern Baikal was investigated. It was established by means of variance analysis that the seasonal changes of abundance and relations between nauplius, copepodites and mature individuals are statistically significant. By means of sample reduction, three phases of the population cycle were identified: growth, peak, and depression of abundance, corresponding to the three biological seasons. The importance of the data obtained for investigating the mechanisms of regulation of the number of population of E. baiсalensis is discussed
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:252:"А. V. Krylov1, М. I. Gladyshev2, D. B. Kosolapov1, N. N. Sushchik2, L. G. Korneva1, O. N. Makhutova3, D. V. Kulakov1, G. S. Kalachova3, O. P. Dubovskaya3";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";} 1 I.D. Papanin Institute of Biology of Inland Waters RAS 2 Institute of Biophysics of SB RAS; Siberian Federal University 3 Institute of Biophysics of SB RAS krylov@ibiw.yaroslavl.ru
Keywords: shallow lake, plankton community, heron, essential polyunsaturated fatty acids
Pages: 59-68
It is shown that definite changes of some indicators of plankton structure occur in a zone of input of the products of heron vital activity in eutrophic-hypertrophic lake, which points to an increase in organic and inorganic load. These changes are similar to the changes observed during anthropogenic eutrophication. Also a number of indicators, which are usually not registered under increased anthropogenic influence, are revealed. Results of the studies of polyunsaturated fatty acids in seston and zooplankton indicated that a smaller amount of diatoms and components of terrestrial origin were present in zooplankton food from the site near a colony of herons, in comparison with the food from the background site of the lake. Zooplankton developing in the zone of influence of the herons colony is a higher-quality food for fish; it is rich in DHA, which is a fatty acid essential and necessary for their growth and development.
A. M. Wieser
Novosibirsk Affiliation of the FSUE Gosrybtsentr- West-Siberian Research Institute of Water Bioresources and Aquaculture (ZapSibNIIVBAK) sibribniiproekt@mail.ru
Keywords: Novosibirsk Water Reservoir, zoobenthos, water level
Pages: 69-75
Zoobenthos of the main biotopes in the drainаge zone of the Novosibirsk water reservoir was studied for the first time. Composition and quantitative characteristics on dry sections was determined depending on soil composition, drainаge duration, distance from the permanently flooded zone, and the position above the minimal level of the reservoir. It was shown that the major destruction of the zoobenthos occurs during reservoir filling periods.
Y. K. Chugunova1, N. M. Pronin2 1 Federal State Institution the Enisey Basin Department on Fishery and Conservation of Water Biological Resources 2 Institute of General and Experimental Biology SB RAS jhermann@mail.ru, proninnm@yandex.ru
Keywords: component communities, parasites, non-commercial fish, dominаnt species, generalist, interaction, ecological niche
Pages: 77-85
The structure of the communities of non-commercial fish parasites in the Kacha river (a tributary of the Enisey) was determined for the first time. The studied communities are formed mainly by generalist species (68 %) with an insignificant fraction (16 %) of specialist species. According to the frequency of occurrence, only one species (Trichodinella epizootica Raabe, 1950) with the occurrence frequency > 70 % is related to the basic ones and three to secondary ones (Paratrichodinа incisа, Lom, 1959, Diрlostomum phoxini Faust, 1918, Rhabdochonа denudatа (Dujardin, 1945)). All the other species (46) are additionаl.Characteristic features of the parasitic faunа of fich in the Kacha river are very low indices of the species similarity according to Jacquard, which is an evidence of the originаlity of ecological niches of the studied hosts.
E. T. Pintaeva1, S. V. Bazarsadueva1, L. D. Radnaeva2, E. A. Petrov3, O. G. Smirnova3 1 Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS 2 Baikal Institute of Nature Management SB RAS; Buryat State University 3 PC Vostsibrybtsentr e-pimtaeva@yandex.ru
Keywords: roach, perch, ged, biomonitoring
Pages: 87-92
Metal content (Мn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Со and Hg) in the muscular tissue and liver of the fish of different trophic levels from the Kichera river (Severobaikal'sky Region, Republic of Buryatia) was investigated.
T. N. Solomonova, V. T. Sedalishchev, V. A. Odnokurtsev
Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS anufry@ibpc.ysn.ru
Keywords: frog, distribution, fertility, prolificacy, age structure, helminthes, hemoglobin, glycogen
Pages: 93-98
Expansion, mode of living, reproduction, nutrition, infectiousness with helminthes, seasonаl variations of hematological indices, content of ascorbic acid in organs and glycogen in liver were studied.
Z. V. Markina, N. A. Aizdaicher
A. V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Sea Biology FEB RAS zhannav@mail.ru
Keywords: biotesting, pollution, Japanese sea, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin
Pages: 99-105
Water biotesting in the Amur Bay of the Japanese sea was performed using protophyte algae Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohl. during the years 2007 and 2008. It was revealed that the number of cells, content of chlorophyll a and carotenoids of the microalga grown in the water under test deviated from those in the reference samples during all the seasons of investigation. Our results confirm previously obtained data on the unfavorable ecological situation in the bay and the negative action of its water on hydrocoles.
T. S. Borodulina1, V. I. Polonsky1, E. S. Vlasova2, T. L. Shashkova1, Y. S. Grigoriev2 1 Krasnoyarsk State Agricultural University 2 Siberian Federal University media3000@rambler.ru, tatyana_eco@inbox.ru
Keywords: oil toxicity, growth of Chlorella vulgaris, survival probability of Daphnia magna, delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll
Pages: 107-111
Effect of different oil concentrations in aqueous medium on chlorella alga and daphnia was studied in laboratory experiments. It was shown that with an increase in oil content in water, the intensity of delayed fluorescence of the test culture of chlorella and the survival probability of daphnia decrease. However, for chlorella, a decrease in fluorescence as an index of its photosynthetic activity is observed only for very high oil concentrations (1000-2000 MPC), while for daphnia the survival probability decreases starting from 4 MPC. A similar dependence is also observed when sunflower-seed oil imitating oil pollution is introduced into the medium. It is assumed that the negative effect of oil on microalgae and daphnia is due to physical factors rather than chemical ones.
N. V. Gureeva
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:166:"State Educationаl Establishment of the Higher Professionаl Education Tyumen State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health and Social Development nаtalivg@mail.ru";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: hydrochemistry, amylase, liрase, antioxidants, ascorbic acid, monoaminoxidase
Pages: 113-121
River water containing a set of pollutants causes substantial changes in the amylolytic activity of human saliva and affects the kinetics of fat hydrolysis under the action of pancreatic lipase. In fish living in polluted water, specific features of the distribution of ascorbic acid over the tissues of organs were detected; a decrease in the amount of cavity fat and lower content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in it were also observed. The monoamine exchange in the liver of fish is impeded under the effect of the soluble fraction of oil. The applicability of the used biochemical methods for evaluating the quality of natural water was demonstrated.
E. A. Shusharina, A. V. Zadesenets, S. A. Gromilov
Keywords: rhenium, platinum, thermolysis, crystal chemistry, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray powder analysis
Pages: 447-450
The crystal structure of Na2[ReCl6]·6H2O is determined. The crystallographic characteristics are as follows: a = 6.6955(2) Å, b = 7.0926(2) Å, c = 8.3667(3) Å; α = 102.567(1)°, β = 98.853(2)°, γ = 107.236(1)°; V = 360.08(2) Å3, P-1 space group, Z = 1, dx = 2.550 g/cm3. The thermal properties of Na2[ReCl6]·6H2O are studied in the hydrogen atmosphere. During the thermolysis of Na2[ReCl6]0.50[PtCl6]0.50·6H2O double complex salt in the hydrogen atmosphere, RexPt1-x nanocrystalline solid solutions were obtained.
P. A. Slepukhin, N. S. Boltacheva, V. I. Filyakova, V. N. Charushin
Keywords: Specific features of the molecular and crystal structures of 1, 5-bis-(4?, 4?, 4?-trifluoro-1?-methyl-3?-oxo-but-1?-enylamino)-3-oxapentane are determined by single crystal, XRD, 1, 5-bis-(4?, 4?, 4?-trifluoro-1?-methyl-3?-oxo-but-1?-enyl am
Pages: 451-452
