Home – Home – Jornals – Chemistry for Sustainable Development 2008 number 2

Principal tendencies of variation in crude oil composition and properties during thermolysis under laboratory conditions have been studied by the example of heavy, high-viscosity crude oils from Usinsk and Lyaokhe oil fields. The experiments were conducted in an autoclave of periodic action in a range of temperatures 200-350 ^oC with addition of water and with application of a mineral admixture to study the nature of the influence of oil-bearing rock. Thermolysis products are represented by gases, insoluble carbonisation products, and converted oil. It has been found that the content of nitrogen, sulphur in liquid products of thermolysis differs from that for initial crude oils, the content of asphaltenes grows, the proportion of resins and oils decreases. Proportion of nitrogen bases, aromatic and oxygen-containing structural fragments in the composition of aquathermolysis products increases, amides appear in it. Specific absorption index of oils and their fractions at a wavelength of 500 nm tangibly change together with individual composition of alkanes and naphthalenes. Tendencies of variation in key parameters of composition during the aquathermolysis of Usinsk oil and crude oil from Lyaokhe oil field are quite opposite. The effect of mineral admixture on the results of thermolysis manifests itself only at the level of liquid yield, of their elemental, group, and functional (according to IR spectra) compositions and it is imperceptible at the level of functional group composition and at the level of individual composition of compounds that were identified in these oils