EPIPACTIS ATRORUBENS (ORCHIDACEAE) IN ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMED ECOSYSTEMS SOUTHERN TAIGA (KIROV REGION)
Natalya Yu. Egorova1,2, Venera N. Suleymanova1,2
1Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming, Kirov, Russia
2Vyatka State Agrotechnological University, Kirov, Russia
Keywords: Orchidaceae, Epipactis atrorubens, cenopopulation, vitality, anthropogenic disturbed habitats, Kirov Region
Abstract
Research aimed at identifying the adaptive potential of rare and protected plants in conditions of secondary biotopes is one of the relevant directions in studying the processes of anthropogenic transformation of flora. One of the species actively inhabiting the dumps of spent industrial quarries is the dark red dormouse Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser. The aim of the work is to assess the vital structure and viability of E. atrorubens cenopopulations in the conditions of industrially transformed ecosystems of the southern taiga within the Kirov Region. The study of E. atrorubens cenopopulations was conducted during the 2023 growing season at a non-reclaimed limestone quarry (near the village of Pervomaysky, Slobodskoy District, Kirov Region) in three areas with different ecological and coenotic conditions, as well as at the sludge dump of the Kirov Plant for the Processing of Non-Ferrous Metals (KZTNM) (Kirov). As a result of the research, it was found that E. atrorubens is characterized by significant cenotic plasticity and, in addition to natural habitats, successfully develops secondary phytocenoses formed on the site of post-anthropogenic territories. Vascular plants belonging to 5 ecological and cenotic groups are noted in the composition of the communities under consideration; meadow and meadow-fringed species are most represented in ecotopes of both types. The morphometric parameters of the vegetative and generative spheres of E. atrorubens vary significantly in the studied cenopopulations. The parameters of the generative sphere turned out to be highly plastic, with maximum response to changes in habitat conditions: the length of the inflorescence and the number of flowers. As a result of the analysis of the structure of the variability of morphological features of four groups of E. atrorubens traits are described: ecological, ecological-biological, biological, and genetic. The least variable features include the number of leaves and the length of the 2nd leaf from the base of the metamer shoot. The most variable feature is the length of the inflorescence. Data on the vital state of the studied E. atrorubens cenopopulations have shown that the studied cenopopulations are heterogeneous in their composition and, according to the complex of features of both vegetative and generative spheres, belong to the prosperous type (forest-meadow ecotonic biotopes) or depressive types (secondary forest communities).
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