SECTORAL SPECIALIZATION AND NETWORK INTERACTION OF COMPANIES IN RUSSIAN PHARMACEUTICAL CLUSTERS
E.S. Stepanova, P.E. Iakovleva
National Research University Higher School of Economics in Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Keywords: pharmaceutical cluster, network interaction, localization coefficient, shift-share analysis, regional development, innovation economy, constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Abstract
Given the growing importance of import substitution and ensuring Russia’s pharmaceutical security, the study of cluster interactions in the pharmaceutical sector has become particularly relevant. This article examines the characteristics of network cooperation within pharmaceutical clusters. The aim of this work is to identify patterns of network interaction among cluster participants and to determine the factors influencing their effectiveness. The main hypothesis of the study posits that network ties are highly intensive in regions with a pronounced specialization in the pharmaceutical industry. The methodological basis of the study includes a set of complementary approaches: calculation of the localization coefficient to determine the region’s level of specialization in pharmaceuticals, the shift-share analysis method to differentiate national, sectoral, and regional growth factors, as well as social network analysis to assess the structure and density of interactions within the pharmaceutical clusters under consideration (the St. Petersburg Medical and Pharmaceutical Cluster, the Kaluga Pharmaceutical Cluster Association, Kirov Region Industrial Biotechnology Cluster). The results of the study demonstrate the interrelationship between network interaction parameters, the degree of localization, and structural effects in the development of the industry. The practical significance of this work lies in the development of recommendations for adjusting cluster policy and designing support programs for the pharmaceutical and medical technology industries in Russian regions.
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