Assessing the annual runoff of the rivers of the Ural River basin
M.V. BOLGOV1,2, E.A. KOROBKINA1, I.A. FILIPPOVA1
1Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2Russian Research Institute for Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Keywords: water resources, transboundary river, climate change, conditionally natural runoff, irrecoverable water consumption, water management zoning
Abstract
The article examines the specifics of determining the normal annual runoff under conditions of insufficient moistening using the transboundary Ural River basin as an example. An integrated assessment of current trends in the annual runoff of rivers of the Ural River basin was carried out. The spatiotemporal patterns of changes of long-term fluctuations in the annual runoff of the rivers in this basin were analyzed, and the stationarity of long-term series of annual runoff was revealed. Reliable estimates of the normal annual runoff and its variability were obtained. Based on the updated runoff data, the dependencies of annual runoff on the area and catchment elevation, as well as the dependence of the annual runoff variability on the normal annual runoff, have been refreshed. The catchment area was subdivided into zones in accordance with the dependencies of runoff on the area and elevation of the catchment area, as well as the dependence of annual runoff variability on the normal runoff. A summary of current data on the average annual runoff of the rivers in the Ural-Emba region district is presented in the form of a map of the average runoff depht. The resulting dependencies and maps made it possible to refine the values of runoff from water management units taking into account transboundary water inflow. An approach has been developed to assess irrecoverable losses required to obtain the rate of conditionally natural runoff. An analysis of irretrievable water consumption in water management units of the basin was carried out for the Russian and Kazakh parts of the Ural River catchment. It has been shown that the amount of irretrievable water consumption in the Russian part of the Ural River basin is insignificant. An assessment of water resources in the Russian part of the basin by water management areas was obtained, as well as an estimate of the conditionally natural runoff formed on the territory of the Russian Federation within the Ural River basin.
|
