Ammonia - Oxygen - Nitrogen -- a Flammable Mixture with no Carbon Footprint
A. A. Vasilyev1,2, V. A. Vasilyev1
1Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Kutateladze Institute of Thermal Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: ammonia, chemical reaction rate, activation energy, ignition delay, detonation cell, critical initiation energy, nitrogen oxides, lean and rich mixtures
Abstract
The most interesting and important gas-dynamic and kinetic parameters of combustion, explosion, and detonation of ammonia/oxygen combustible systems of stoichiometric, lean, and rich compositions with the addition of molecular nitrogen (transition from fuel-oxygen to fuel-air mixtures) are presented. The same data are presented for fuel-air mixtures ranging from the lower to the upper concentration limit and with varying initial pressures. From an explosion safety perspective, the most important data are on the critical initiation energy, which allows for an analysis of the relative hazard of various mixtures. Critical energy E* is defined as the minimum energy of the initiator that ensures the propagation of combustion and detonation waves in the mixture under study: the lower the E*, the more hazardous the mixture. Data on the detonation cell size, which is used to determine the characteristic parameters of combustion chambers, which have the dimension of length, are also presented.
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