Features of modeling atmospheric pollution by carbon monoxide in Kislovodsk: influence of orography and correction of vehicle emissions
M.I. Nakhaev1,2, V.A. Semenov1,2,3, A.V. Chernokulsky1,2,3, I.B. Belikov1, V.A. Belousov1, A.Yu. Artamonov1
1A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia
3Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: air pollution, chemical transport model, air quality, carbon monoxide, orography, vehicle emissions
Abstract
Air pollution modelling in mountainous regions is a relevant challenge due to the complex interaction of topography with atmospheric dynamics and uncertainty in emission data This paper presents the results of atmospheric pollution modeling for carbon monoxide (CO) in complex mountainous terrain, using the Kislovodsk region as a case study. The study used the mesoscale meteorological model WRF and the chemical transport model CHIMERE. The results were validated against instrumental measurements carried out at the High-Mountain Scientific Station of A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences. It is shown that refining the EMEP emission database by incorporating local features of the road network (density and road types) and their daily/weekly dynamics allows the spatial distribution of pollution sources to more closely approximate the actual layout of the region's road network, and also improves the accuracy of reproducing the daily cycle of CO concentrations. An experiment was conducted to quantitatively assess the contribution of orographic factors to the overall pollution level. It was established that the complex terrain of the region accounts for 20-50% of the average CO concentration level, creating zones of pollutant accumulation and dispersion. Statistical analysis demonstrates satisfactory agreement between the modeling results and observational data. The study confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the WRF-CHIMERE modeling system in monitoring and analyzing atmospheric air quality in resort regions with complex topography. The results can serve a foundation for fundamental and applied scientific research aimed at studying the mechanisms behind the formation of periods with adverse environmental conditions. The air quality modeling can be used by local government authorities for such tasks as urban planning, optimization of road networks, and the development of recreational areas taking into account orographic conditions, as well as for improving regional environmental monitoring systems.
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