THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN EFFICIENT IN VITRO PROPAGATION SYSTEM FOR IRIS SIBIRICA (IRIDACEAE)
Aleksandra Yu. Nabieva, Tatyana V. Elisafenko
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Iridaceae, Iris, in vitro regeneration, direct organogenesis, conditions for successful adaptation
Abstract
Siberian iris Iris sibirica L. (Iridaceae) is known as a species included in many regional Red Books and has valuable ornamental and medicinal properties. The lack of a unified approach to overcoming dormancy, which is characteristic to varying degrees of mature seeds of many iris species, usually complicates their micropropagation. This study allowed us to determine the conditions that facilitate the germination of both mature and immature seeds of I. sibiricain vitro culture. The effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) on the morphogenetic potential of I. sibirica was assessed, which made it possible to create a protocol for effective microclonal propagation of the species. Data were obtained on the stimulation of I. sibirica seed germination in order to obtain adventitious shoot formation by direct organogenesis without callus formation. It was found that the use of cytokinin 6-BAP at a concentration of 1 mM is most effective for obtaining, on average, 3-4 adventitious shoots in seedlings obtained from immature seeds, as well as for increasing the energy of seed germination regardless of their maturity. At a low concentration of cytokinin, no violation of the ability of adventitious shoots to rhizogenesis was noted, which made it possible to obtain microclones with a well-developed root system when transplanted to a hormone-free medium. The deposition of microclones for 2 months at a low temperature allowed increasing the survival rate of regenerated plants to 86.5 % when they were subsequently transferred to ex vitro conditions. The plants developed at an accelerated rate, which allowed most seedlings to bloom in the second year after transplantation to the introduction site. This work is relevant for obtaining a large amount of plant material, both for further study and for preserving the species in vitro and ex situ , given that the habitats of I. sibirica are subject to anthropogenic impact and some populations listed in the Red Books have not been found again.
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