The current state of surface waters and soils on the coast of Lake Baikal
I.A. BELOZERTSEVA, I.B. VOROBYEVA, N.V. VLASOVA
V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
Keywords: landscape and geochemical studies surface waters, soils, technogenesis, recreation
Abstract
The work is based on field landscape-geochemical and office analytical studies conducted in 2015-2024 on the coast of Lake Baikal and the adjacent territory. Samples of surface water and soil were collected at key sites, and chemical and physicochemical analyses were carried out in the field and laboratory conditions of the V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IG SB RAS) using standard methods. Increased contents of F-, NH4+, PO43-, Pb, Ni and oil products were found in surface waters near populated areas on the coast of Lake Baikal, exceeding the MAC values. The main anthropogenic sources of environmental pollution are: construction and road enterprises, thermal power plants, boiler houses, railway and motor transport, waste dumps. The sources of surface water pollution with phosphates and ammonium are housing and communal facilities. In the soils of the coast of Lake Baikal, local high content of Mn, Pb, Ni, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu was found, exceeding the MAC near the settlements of Listvyanka, Baikalsk, Bolshoe Goloustnoe, Sarma, Kabansk, Turka, Ust-Barguzin, Severobaikalsk and Nizhneangarsk. The maximum concentrations of chemical elements in soils in relation to the background also have: Ba, Sr, V and oil products, but do not exceed sanitary and hygienic standards. High concentrations of HM in coastal soils are possibly associated not only with anthropogenic sources, but also with deposits of rare metals.
|
