Materials of scientific expeditions to Siberia and the Far East in the history of Russian cartography of the 18th - first half of the 19th century
I.A. SHIPILOV
Institute of History, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: history of science, cartography, geographical maps, Russian scientific expeditions, astronomical observations, geodetic survey
Abstract
The article examines the evolution of scientific cartography in Russia and the mapping of Siberia and the Far East by academic and government expeditions of the XVIII - first half of the XIX century as relevant processes. Materials from the scientific heritage of the expeditions are analyzed from modern theoretical and methodological positions and the historical dynamics of cartography in Russia is traced. It is revealed that the form and content of cartographic works of the participants of the Russian expeditions of the first half of the XVIII century (D.G. Messerschmidt, the First and Second Kamchatka, etc.) indicate the formation of cartography as a science, its further evolution is associated with the results of the expeditions of the 1760s-1790s, and a new stage in the development of cartography is marked by the scientific works of G.A. Sarychev, I.F. Krusenstern and Yu.F. Lisyansky, F.P. Wrangell, F.P. Litke and other travelers of the first half of the XIX century.
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