Ecogeographical variability of phenology in herbaceous perennial plants ex situ
T. I. Fomina1, E. S. Fomin2
1Central Siberian Botanical Garden of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: seasonal development, phenological trends, herbaceous perennials, accessions, Russian Far East, Western Siberia
Abstract
The results of a long-term study (2006-2024) on the phenology of 25 species of herbaceous plants, represented by 33 accessions from natural populations in the Russian Far East - Primorye, Sakhalin, and the Southern Kurils, under the conditions of the forest-steppe of Western Siberia (Novosibirsk), are presented. The study revealed the features of seasonal rhythms for most accessions: spring growth occurs in early to mid-terms (April - first decade of May), and the onset of flowering is timed to summer periods (June - mid-July), with a phenorhythmotype classified as spring-summer green. Therefore, based on their primary rhythmic characteristics, the Far Eastern accessions correspond to herbaceous perennials of the regional flora. At the same time, a complete and regular seasonal cycle, as an indicator of biological sustainability, is observed in 16 accessions (48 %), while the others are unstable or weakly stable in the new environmental conditions. Using linear phenological trends, the main patterns of phenological shifts were established: a delay in the dates of the vegetation start (6-13 days / 10 years) and an advance in the dates of vegetation end (6-16 days / 10 years). There is also a later start for flowering (up to 6 days / 10 years), and an earlier end for flowering (3 days / 10 years), as well as a significant reduction in the duration of all interphase periods. Significant intraspecific variability of phenological events depending on the provenance of materials was demonstrated. The findings indicate an accelerated seasonal development of Far Eastern perennials when adapting to a continental climate.
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