Home – Home – Jornals – Philosophy of Sciences 2025 number 3

The work is a continuation of the previous article, devoted to turns in the history of philosophy. The author admits that the true meaning of the concept of a turn occurs when the authors of the turn make a return to the generic beginning in their philosophical practice, return to the generic source, turning to ancient and then mythological roots. A true turn occurs when the ontological foundations are questioned and the need arises to return to the beginning, in order to perform the act of thinking again through this return, in order to return ontological power to this act, and to man - his original place, so that he can begin to think again. In this case, it is assumed that a true turn begins when a philosopher makes a new, different beginning, turning to ancestral sources, thereby restoring the spiritual tradition. The author proposes to consider the hypothesis according to which all the turns that took place in the twentieth century are parts of the anthropological turn, since all of them in one way or another concerned primarily the ontological ill-being of man, concerned various aspects of his activity, revealing various kinds of human deficiencies and shortages - in knowledge, communication, in the means and methods of research, in language, logical analysis, spiritual practices, etc. In this case, different types of turns, be it linguistic, rhetorical, pragmatic and others, act as different attempts to fill this or that human deficit. Thus, the usual and well-known turns in the history of philosophy relate more to different kinds of practices for the development of those other means that a person needs - means of knowledge, or means of communication, or means of thinking, or linguistic means. But they all relate to the main and constant - to the anthropological turn, understood as the restoration of the source, an appeal to the ontological beginning, the restoration of the place of man in the world.