SOME REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES IN MODERN CONDITIONS
O.P. Burmatova1,2
1Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: promoting import substitution, environmental risks and threats, green transition, decarbonization of the economy, carbon footprint, regulation of transboundary impacts, best available technologies
Abstract
The article examines the most important modern environmental challenges and the risks and threats caused by them, taking into account both national and regional and international aspects of the growing importance of the environmental agenda. An analysis of the cause-and-effect relationships between the presence of hazards contained in a particular challenge and the real damage that can be caused to the natural environment, living conditions and human health has been carried out. Possible ways to prevent potential risks and threats to the environmental and economic development of the country are proposed. Among the identified challenges, emphasis is placed on challenges that contain risks and threats caused by factors of both a global nature and those associated with the peculiarities of the formation of environmental and economic policy in Russia and its regions. These include tightening environmental requirements for products on foreign markets, taking into account the technologies used for their production and the resulting carbon footprint; close intertwining of environmental issues with technological and economic problems; changes in environmental regulations within the country in connection with external sanctions imposed on it, and others. The statement about the existential nature of the considered environmental challenges is substantiated. It is concluded that the existing institutional environment in Russia, which also determines the effectiveness of state environmental policy, requires transformation, subject to active state support in the field of innovation, technological sovereignization of the economy based on domestic best available technologies and other measures based on socio-economic and environmental motivation, based primarily on the principles of economic efficiency and environmental justice. The proposals made for improving the mechanism of environmental and economic policy can be useful in developing instruments for regulating the environmental sphere at all levels of management.
|
