POSITIONING OF RUSSIAN REGIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF BALANCED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
N.A. Kravchenko1,2, A.T. Yusupova1,2, S.R. Khalimova1,2
1Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: technological independence, innovation capacity, absorption capacity, regional differentiation, balance, high-tech business, cluster analysis
Abstract
The prospects for scientific, technological and innovative development at the level of individual territories depend on many regional characteristics, including the size and balance of accumulated scientific and technological capabilities. The proposed approach to assessing such balance is based on the ideas of innovation and absorption capacities accumulated in a certain territory. The study proposes a typology and positioning of the RF subjects based on the comparison of the highlighted characteristics. The share of people employed in research and development in the total labor force in the region is used as an indicator of innovation capacity. Absorption capacity reflects the localization coefficient of high-tech business. Leading and follower regions are identified for 2016 and 2022. Data from Rosstat and SPARK-Interfax database were used as an empirical basis. The authors performed factor and cluster analyses on indicators describing the state of the region’s economy, its research and technological potential, human resources and digital technologies, as well as the quality of institutions in the field of innovation policy, and identified groups of similar territories. The study identified characteristics that affect the level of innovation and absorptive capacities at the regional level, contribute to their balanced combination, ensuring socio-economic growth and technological independence. These include significant expenditures on research and development, high level of digital technology development, advanced innovation policy. The structure of the economy should be relatively balanced, provide an external environment favorable for the development of new technologies and the production of innovative goods.
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