Flammability Concentration Limits of Mixtures of Hydrogen --- Methane --- Carbon Monoxide with Air in the Presence of Water Vapor
V. V. Stakhanov, O. V. Shultz, A. A. Ryakin, I. K. Sharapov, A. V. Ushkov
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Technical Physics (VNIITF), Snezhinsk, Russia
Keywords: flame propagation, spherical chamber, infrared imaging, steam-oxygen reforming, reformate gas
Abstract
The paper presents the results of experimental determination of the flammability concentration limits of methane--air--water vapor, methane--hydrogen--air--water vapor mixtures with a methane to hydrogen volume ratio of 1:2 and 2:1, and carbon monoxide--hydrogen--air--water vapor mixtures with a hydrogen to carbon monoxide volume ratio of 4:1 at an initial temperature of 150 °C and a pressure of 101 kPa. The water vapor content varied in the range of 0 ÷ 60 vol. %. The experiments were conducted in a spherical chamber with a volume of 100 dm3. The presence of mixture ignition and flame propagation were recorded using infrared imaging. The flammability limits of the methane--air--water vapor mixture obtained in the experiments are in agreement with the data available in the literature. The flame propagation mode in hydrogen-containing mixtures near the lower concentration limit was recorded in the form of a spherical flame turning into a toroidal vortex.
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