MODELING THE FAILURE OF A FUNCTIONALLY GRADED STEEL-TITANIUM PLATE UNDER SHOCK-WAVE LOADING
S. P. Batuev, P. A. Radchenko, A. V. Radchenko
Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: functionally graded material, shock-wave loading, dynamic fracture, elastoplastic deformation, spallation, numerical simulation, dynamic strength
Abstract
We develop and implement a numerical model for the dynamic fracture of a functionally graded material (FGM) plate based on St.3 steel and VT8 titanium alloy under shock-wave loading. The simulations employ a three-dimensional finite element formulation within the EFES software package. A mixing parameter is introduced to model the smooth transition in material properties across the plate thickness. A Taylor-type numerical test and a simulation of aluminum projectile impact on a graded barrier are conducted to assess residual deformation, pressure profiles, and spall formation conditions. The St.3 → VT8 gradient direction effectively dissipates the shock wave and suppresses spallation, whereas the reverse gradient causes tensile stress localization and spall fragment formation. The numerical spall thickness values show good agreement with experimental data, confirming the model's adequacy for predicting the dynamic strength of functionally graded structures under high-rate loading.
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