Mathematical simulation of crown forest fires impact on buildings
V.A. Perminov1, D.P. Kasymov2, M.V. Agafonsev2, T.A. Bel’kova1
1National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
2National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: wildfire, combustion, mathematical model, turbulence, discrete analogue
Abstract
The study proposes a mathematical model for assessing the impact of crown forest fires on buildings. Based on this model, numerical calculations were performed to determine safe distances between forested areas and construction sites taking into account such factors as wind speed, building size, and other parameters. The model considers the type and properties of vegetation, geometric characteristics of forested areas, their moisture content, and fuel load. The finite volume method was used to obtain a discrete analogue of the model. As a result of the calculations, the maximal distances at which ignition of structures from wildfire sources is possible were determined. It was found that the distance between forest and building, at which ignition can occur, increases with the wind speed. Additionally, the calculations showed that an increase in building height also increases the safe distance. The proposed model can be used for numerical simulations aimed at ensuring fire safety during the design and construction of buildings near forested areas taking into account their specific characteristics.
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