Influence of anthropogenic stress for content of biologically active compounds in leaves Betula czerepanovii from Kola Peninsula
E. P. KHRAMOVA, I. E. LOBANOVA, T. M. SHALDAEVA, E. G. ZIBZEEV
Central Siberian Botanical Garden of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: air pollution, Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii, phenolic compounds, photosynthetic pigments, anti-radical activity
Abstract
Biologically active compounds in ethanol extracts of the leaves of Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii were studied in the zone of influence of Nornickel enterprises (Kola Division). The total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll and carotenoid) was determined by spectrophotometry and anti-radical activity was evaluated. The phenolic compound content has increased under anthropogenic stress, indicating that these compounds can be used for monitoring and diagnosing environmental conditions. The plant response to stress was more pronounced for catechins and the total content of phenolic compounds, whose concentration in the zone of maximum exposure increased by 1.4-1.7 times compared with the background. The content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoid) in birch leaves decreased by 1.5-1.9 times as they approached the source of contamination. Water-ethanol extracts of birch leaves from polygons in proximity to the industrial facilities of the enterprise had a higher anti-radical activity (IC50 = 0.07 mg/ml), which may be related to increased catechins content. It was found that the variability of BAS content in the leaves of B. pubescens ssp. czerepanovii decreased in a gradient of anthropogenic pollution.
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