Biological justification of the application of Novoсhizol with natural fungicides in the technology of spring soft wheat cultivation
S. V. BURLAKOVA1, M. T. EGORYCHEVA1, V. V. FOMENKO2, N. F. SALAKHUTDINOV2, A. B. SHCHERBAN3
1Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoobsk, Russia
2N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
3Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: soft spring wheat, biopreparations, seed dressing, root rot, leaf area, biomass, ear structure, crop yield
Abstract
New efficient broad-spectrum preparations have been developed on the basis of the aqueous solution of Novochizol with the addition of Siberian pine bark extract (SPE) and usnic acid (UA), the substance isolated from the Usnea lichen genus. Optimisation of the procedures for fungicide extraction from plant raw materials has been carried out to reduce costs and obtain pure extracts in quantities sufficient to make complex preparations. During field experiments conducted in 2022-2023 in the Novosibirsk Region, we studied the effect of seed treatment with Novochizol forms with the addition of SPE and UA on the development of root rot and leaf diseases, growth processes and yield of spring wheat Novosibirskaya 31. The use of Novochizol + UA complex as the growth regulator contributed to the reduction of root rot in the phases of tillering and milky-wax ripeness by 53.3 and 41.6 %, and Novochizol + SPE complex by 25.0 and 37.0 %, respectively. When using the seed protectant Dividend Extreme, the corresponding indicators were 70.0 and 28.6 %, respectively. The above-mentioned Novochizol + UA, Novokhizol + SPE complexes and the Dividend Extreme preparation showed effectiveness against septoria, which was 65.0, 66.7 and 67.7 %, respectively. Seed treatment had a positive growth-stimulating effect on such parameters as sprout formation, tillering, biomass accumulation, plant density, height and area of the flag leaf, and significantly improved ear structure indicators. The effect of the form of Novochizol with the addition of UA was more pronounced. Seed treatment provided an additional yield relative to the control (2.7 t/ha) at the level of 0.3 t/ha when using Novochizol + UA and 0.2 t/ha when using Novochizol + SPE or the fungicide Dividend Extreme.
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