Structured catalysts for steam and steam-air conversion of butanol-1 into synthesis gas
V. N. ROGOZHNIKOV, D. I. POTEMKIN, O. A. STONKUS, K. I. SHEFER, A. N. SALANOV, V. P. PAKHARUKOVA, P. V. SNYTNIKOV
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: autothermal reforming, steam reforming, butanol, hydrogen, structured catalyst
Abstract
Steam and steam-air reforming of butanol allows obtaining synthesis gas that can be used as a feedstock in a number of chemical applications or as a fuel for solid oxide fuel cells. The efficiency of these reactions is largely determined by heat transfer. In the case of steam reforming of methane, which is an endothermic reaction, it is necessary to provide heat transfer from the reactor walls into the catalyst layer. During steam-air conversion, which is a thermoneutral or weakly exothermic reaction, local overheating occurs in the front layer, the thermal effect of which must be redistributed over the catalyst layer to compensate for the endothermic effect prevailing in the tail section. To increase heat transfer, structured catalysts based on heat-conducting substrates, namely metal meshes, are used in this work. Such catalysts are a complex composite material with a multi-level structure: structured metal substrate - structural oxide component - active oxide - nanoparticles of metals or alloys, which combines the functions of a heat exchanger, a flow distributor and the catalyst itself. This allows you to control heat and mass transfer, regulate gas-dynamic resistance in the reactor and optimise the amount of catalytic material. In this work, the results of the preparation and study of the physicochemical and catalytic properties of Pt, Rh, Pd, Ru, Ni-containing structured catalysts supported on a fechral (FeCrAl) mesh support are presented. The prepared structured catalysts were tested in the reactions of steam and autothermal conversion of n-butanol into synthesis gas. The highest activity in these reactions was shown by the rhodium structural catalyst. Short-term laboratory resource tests for 15 h did not reveal the presence of soot on the surface of the catalyst, and the composition of the reaction products was close to thermodynamic equilibrium. This catalyst can be recommended for use in reformers for steam and steam-air conversion of butanol-1 to produce synthesis gas.
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