Structure of ground beetles assemblages (Coleoptera, Carabidae) on uncultivated areas (sites/biotopes) in Botanic garden of Perm State national research university (Perm city)
E. V. Plakkhina1, E. V. Zinoviev2, S. L. Esyunin1
1Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia
2Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of UB RAS, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Keywords: ground beetles, life forms, ecological groups, dominant complex, botanical garden, Perm
Abstract
The groupings of ground beetles of the lawn and the area with ruderal vegetation were studied on the territory of the PSU’s Botanical Garden in the period from April to November 2021 by the method of soil traps with a fixative (formalin 4 %). In total, 1,643 specimens of ground beetles were collected during the research period, 41 species from 14 genera belonging to 7 life forms and 5 ecological groups were registered. The absolute dominant is Pterostichus melanarius, and the subdominants in different seasons are such species as Bembidion properans, Calathus erratus, Amara aenea, Harpalus rufipes, Harpalus affinis and Harpalus tardus. The abundance, number of species and diversity indices of the ground beetle population vary significantly between sites and undergo changes depending on the season. On the lawn site, two peaks of abundance (May and August) were noted in the seasonal dynamics of ground beetles, whereas only May peak is expressed in ruderal vegetation. The quantitative ratios of ecological groups are dynamic throughout the season, but the common feature is the predominance of meadow-field species. On a site with ruderal vegetation, mixophytophages predominate over zoophages both in terms of the number of species and in number of individuals, zoophages predominate on the lawn both in terms of species diversity and the number of individuals.
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