Landscape-geochemical approach to the study of spatio-temporal organization of geosystems
Yu.M. SEMENOV1, M.Yu. SEMENOV2, A.V. SILAEV1
1V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
2Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
Keywords: migration of matter, differentiation, integration, dynamics, evolution, anthropogenic transformation
Abstract
The article presents the main stages of work on the study of the role of migration of matter in the differentiation, integration, dynamics, evolution and anthropogenic transformation of geosystems of various regions of Siberia, carried out by the authors under the guidance, with the participation and in development of the ideas of V.A. Snytko. As a result of many years of stationary, semi-stationary and expeditionary landscape-geochemical studies, the organizer and leader of which was Valerian Afanasyevich Snytko, the patterns of differentiation and processes of dynamics of liquid, gaseous and living phases of matter in topological geosystems were studied, the connection of landscape-geochemical cyclicity with dynamic and evolutionary trends in the behavior of geosystems was established, and the conditioning of the structure of topogeosystems by differentiation and flows of matter was shown. As a result of work within the territory of the created Kansk-Achinsk fuel and energy complex, the natural regimes of the components of taiga, sub-taiga and forest-steppe geosystems were studied, trends in the development and processes of transformation of geosystems under the influence of technogenic factors were identified, and a methodology for experimental modeling of the processes of interaction of natural and technogenic flows of matter was developed. In order to identify the spatial and temporal structure of pollution of the Lake Baikal basin, a geoecological monitoring methodology has been developed, which is based on identifying sources of pollution and observing the connections between them and environmental objects by considering the substances of objects as mixtures, and the substances of sources as their components. In order to substantiate the network of observations and control, extrapolate the results of monitoring to geosystems of the territories not covered by direct observations, and to display operational information on the state of geosystems and ecosystems, a methodology has been developed for mapping the spatio-temporal structure of pollution in the catchment basin of Lake Baikal based on the use of different time cartographic sources, remote sensing data, digital terrain models, global digital databases, materials of state statistics and field studies.
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