Characterizing greenhouse gas emissions from the territory of the St. Petersburg agglomeration by the results of the mobile observational campaigns EMME-2019 and EMME-2020
M.V. Makarova1, S.C. Foka1, D.V. Ionov1, V.S. Kostsov1, V.M. Ivakhov2, N.N. Paramonova2
1Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
2The Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory, St. Petersburg, Russia
Keywords: ground-based remote sensing, portable FTIR-spectrometers, mobile experiments, greenhouse gases, anthropogenic emissions in megacities, transport modelling of air pollutants
Abstract
St. Petersburg is the second most populous city in the Russian Federation and the fourth in Europe. According to official statistics, ~ 5.6 million people live in the city permanently. In order to experimentally estimate greenhouse gas emissions from the territory of the St. Petersburg agglomeration, an original combined approach was developed and implemented during EMME-2019 and ЕММЕ-2020 observational campaign. The paper summarizes the results of mobile experiments in 2019 and 2020. It is shown that the period “March - early May”, chosen for the EMME campaigns, is optimal for estimating CO2 emissions. It was found that the average values of anthropogenic additives caused by emissions from the territory of St. Petersburg are ~ 1.07 ppmv and ~ 6.61 ppbv for CO2 and CH4, respectively. Experimental estimates of specific greenhouse gas fluxes for the territory of the St. Petersburg agglomeration amounted to 72 kt × km-2 × year-1 CO2 and 198 t × km-2 × year-1 CH4 for six days of 2020 campaign; 80 kt × km-2 × year-1 CO2 and 161 t × km-2 × year-1 CH4 for 15 days of campaigns 2019 and 2020. The CH4/CO2 and CO/CO2 emission ratios for St. Petersburg in March - early May 2020 averaged 6.4 and 5.7 ppbv/ppmv, respectively. Quarantine restrictions (COVID-19) affected the emission structure of St. Petersburg: a sharp decrease in transport activity led to a significant decrease in CO emissions from motor vehicles.
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