Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Indicators of Soil Pollution in the Zone Affected by the Transport Communications of the Gorlovo Anthracite Deposit
D. A. SOKOLOV1, S. A. KUIDINA1, T. A. PCHELNIKOVA2, N. A. SOKOLOVA1, S. V. MOROZOV2
1Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: PAH sources, black carbon, organic pollutants, benz(a)pyrene toxic equivalent, chernozem
Abstract
The areas adjacent to open coal mining facilities are affected by different kinds of anthropogenic impact, including dust pollution. To reveal the extent of technogenic impact, the parameters characterising the content and composition of 19 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in chernozem soils adjacent to the haul road of the Gorlovo anthracite deposit (the Novosibirsk Region) were assessed. It is shown that the maximum total concentration of PAHs (>1000 ng/g) is reached at the distance of 100 m from the source, while the levels higher than the background are detected at a distance of 1000 m. The effect of dominating wind direction and the presence of tree shelter belts were determined to affect the total PAH content in soil but leave their group composition unchanged at a distance of 2000 m from the road. At the same time, the individual composition of PAHs in soils changes with an increase in the distance from the pollution source. The concentration of benz(a)pyrene and total PAH content, calculated for benz(a)pyrene toxic equivalents, were determined in the soils of territories adjacent to the haul road and compared with the current standards in force in the Russian federation (SanPiN). Statistical processing of the results, performed by the principal component analysis, shows that the input of black carbon in the form of anthracite coal dust into soil is most adequately represented by polyarene ratio PHE/(PHE+CHR), where PHE is phenanthrene, and CHR is chrysene. However, the threshold of technogenic load (<0.8), that was previously established for objects in which anthracite is the main source of PAHs, requires confirmation for black soils.
|
