Activity of high cyclones above Erebus volcano according to ERA5 reanalysis data
E.A. Maslennikova, V.V. Zuev, E.S. Savelieva, A.V. Pavlinsky
Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: high cyclones, Antarctic ozone hole, Erebus volcano, Antarctic polar vortex
Abstract
Erebus volcano is the southernmost active volcano on Earth, whose volcanogenic emissions include components that play a significant role in catalytic cycles of stratospheric ozone depletion. High cyclones contribute to the rise of gas emissions from Erebus volcano (including HCl and SO2) from the troposphere to the altitudinal range of ozone hole formation, from 14 to 22 km in the stratosphere. The paper considers the integral content of HCl and ClONO2 for the period 1992-2023 and analyzes the variability of the frequency of high cyclone occurrence for the period 1980-2022 based on the ERA5 reanalysis data. It is revealed that the maximal frequency of occurrence of high cyclones over Erebus volcano is usually observed in July. The analysis of the integrated HCl content at different stations showed that the values over the Antarctic are much higher than over the Arctic and approximately twice as high as at midlatitude stations. The effect of HCl accumulation in the stratosphere is shown: the correlation coefficient between 5-year average frequencies of occurrence of high cyclones and 5-year average values of ozone hole area with a 4-year shift of the series of the ozone hole area ahead relative to the series of the frequency of occurrence of high cyclones, calculated for the period from 1980 to 2022, amounts 0.78.
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