Scenarios of practical implementation of recreational load in SPNA: a case study of the Dus-Khol Lake natural monument (Tyva)
I.V. ANDREEVA1, A.V. PUZANOV1, CH.N. SAMBYLA2
1Institute for Water and Ecological Problems, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Barnaul, Russia
2Center for Biosphere Research, Kyzyl, Russia
Keywords: natural monument, recreation, scenario development, algorithm for standardization and monitoring, method of introducing the norm, territorial development management
Abstract
This article is devoted to the problem of applying in practice the norms of recreational load in specially protected natural areas (SPNA). Results of efforts related to the determination of the permissible recreational load on the ecosystems of the Lake Dus-Khol natural monument in the Republic of Tyva are summarized. A brief critical analysis is made of the methodological basis for determining recreational loads in national SPNA, and the methods used to calculate the load norms for the study area are shown. The load norms introduced are analyzed for the functional areas of SPNA, boarding houses and the undeveloped coast, and the landscapes. It is concluded that currently the coast is considerably congested by visitors, the modern level of development of recreation is not consistent with the lake’s potential, the low level of recreation and “wild” forms are due to the material inadequacy of infrastructure as well as due to an extremely low level of service, and the lack of planned management. On the basis of the scenario method, the possible trends in the development of the natural monument and the entire resort area are established. The directions of interaction of factors and images of the most possible states of the lake’s coast are described. According to the results of a structural analysis of the three most likely scenarios (the inertial development of the lake’s coast (preservation of the trends that have developed to date), the installation of an elementary infrastructure on the coast (observance of sanitary and epidemiological standards), innovative development (creation of a special economic zone of tourist-recreational type of republican significance)), the key stages of making managerial decisions are identified. They will ensure systematic monitoring of compliance with the rules in practice. Each stage: regulatory and legal lawmaking, scientific and research support for management decisions, examination of project documentation, monitoring of design decisions, is represented by elementary standard functions of state institutions in the field of science, nature conservation, management, and control. The synthesis of functions forms a system of state control. It eliminates the need to monitor the stay and behavior of an individual vacationer. An algorithm for standardizing and monitoring recreational load in SPNA is proposed. It is useful as a discussion idea for researchers in the field of nature conservation, conservation studies, administrations of SPNA, and specialists of environmental agencies.
|
