Present status of the Goryachii Klyuch thermal spring (Republic of Khakassia)
V.V. NEPOMNYASHCHIY1, E.G. MAKEEVA1,2
1Khakassky State Nature Reserve, Abakan, Russia
2Katanov Khakassian State University, Abakan, Russia
Keywords: thermal waters, chemical composition, Western Sayan, Goryachii Klyuch, hydrogeological natural monument, comprehensive program for territorial development
Abstract
Results of recent studies into physicochemical properties of the Goryachii Klyuch nitrogen thermal spring (Republic of Khakassia) obtained in 2021 during field studies are presented. It was found that spring water is moderately fresh (mineralization 0,45 g/L), weakly alkaline (pH 7,4), and with bicarbonate sodium-calcium composition. The main macro-components forming the chemical composition of the water were contained in the following ratios: HCO3- > Ca2+ > Na+ + K+ > Mg2+ > Cl- > SO42-. Zn, Cu, Pb, Mo and Fe were detected in the spring water. The concentration of lead exceeds MPC in groundwater and surface water bodies of household and cultural-domestic use, and the other components are within MPC. The measured total specific alpha- and beta-activity of radionuclides does not exceed the normative requirements. Radon was detected in the Goryachii Klyuch (2,55 Bq/dm3). The Goryachii Klyuch spring belongs to an important group of mineral waters widely used for balneological purposes. The possibility of its balneological development and protection as a unique hydro-geological natural monument should be envisaged. Priority activities are proposed to prepare a comprehensive program for the development of the thermal spring area. They include: infrastructural development of the spring; implementation of a program of comprehensive recreational monitoring for the area; implementation of a package of biotechnical measures aimed at increasing the recreational sustainability of the area around the spring and enhancing its aesthetic appeal; the spring should be given the status of a protected area of regional (local) significance, with the possibility of using the area for tourism and recreational activities; providing of preferences and granting support to entrepreneurs engaged in tourism and recreational activities in the area, and development and implementation of measures for year-round use and promotion of this territory as a full-fledged tourist product.
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