Chemical-Pharmacological Study of Coal Humic Substances for Application in Food and Pharmaceutical Industries
M. V. ZYKOVA1, K. A. BRATISHKO1, L. A. LOGVINOVA1, V. V. IVANOV1, E. E. BUYKO1, M. G. DANILETS2, E. S. TROFIMOVA1,2, A. A. LIGACHEVA2, A. P. ZIMA1, E. S. RABTSEVICH1,3, A. A. UFANDEEV1, D. A. MIKHALEV1, A. V. PERSHINA1, A. I. KONSTANTINOV4, I. V. PERMINOVA4, M. V. BELOUSOV1
1Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
2E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia
3National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
4Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: humic substances, brown coal, chemical, microbiological and pharmacological safety, cytoprotectors, antioxidants, immunomodulators
Pages: 367-377
Abstract
Physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the humic substances from the Kansk-Achinsk coal basin, the Pereyaslovskoe deposit, have been studied. The presence of polycyclic aromatic structures and aliphatic fragments with various functional groups as substituents (carboxyl, carbonyl and quinoid, phenolic, alcoholic, ether and ester, amino and amide) was established by means of UV, IR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, fluorimetry, and elemental analysis. It has been determined using HPLC that coal humic substances are highly hydrophilic polydisperse biopolymers with medium molecular weights. According to the indicator of microbiological purity (category 3B), the content of microorganisms does not exceed the indicators required by the State Pharmacopeia of the Russian Federation (SPh XIV edition). The content of radionuclides, toxic metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) corresponds to the norms (according to SPh XIV edition). The presence of 11 essential elements has been established. The studied humic substances belong to the V class of hazard (low-hazard substances, according to GOST 32644-2014), do not have allergising properties and cytotoxic effect within a broad concentration range. Antioxidant, immunotropic, cytoprotective properties were established in the studies of specific pharmacological activity with various experimental models. The ability to inhibit free radicals such as hydroxyl radical (HO•) and superoxide-anion radical (O2-•) should be noted, as these radicals are able to bypass the endogenous antioxidant defense systems of the body. It is concluded that the studied humic substances of the Kansk-Achinsk coal basin, the Pereyaslovskoe deposit, are safe and effective biologically active substances of natural origin for use as a promising biologically active substance in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
DOI: 10.15372/CSD2023480
EDN: ZOKDVV
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