ASSESSMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH CONDITION IN THE AREA OF ALUMINUM PRODUCTION FACILITIES, EASTERN SIBERIA (BY THE EXAMPLE OF SHELEKHOV CITY)
V. S. RUKAVISHNIKOV1,2, N. V. EFIMOVA1,2, A. YU. GORNOV1,3, T. S. ZARODNYUK4, T. I. ZABORTSEVA1,5, V. I. GREBENSHCHIKOVA1,6, O. M. ZHURBA1,2, YA. A. LESHCHENKO1,2, I. V. DONSKIKH2
1Irkutsk Scientific Center SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Lermontova str., 134, Russia
rvs2010@mail.ru
2East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, 665827, Angarsk, Post Box 1170, Irkutsk Region, Russia
medecolab@inbox.ru
3V. M. Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS
gornov@icc.ru
4V. M. Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Lermontova str., 134, Russia
tzarodnyuk@gmail.com
5V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Ulan-Batorskaya str., 1, Russia
zabti@irigs.irk.ru
6A. P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Favorskogo str., 1, Russia
vgreb@igc.irk.ru
Keywords: производство алюминия, ресурсная специализация, загрязнение, медико-демографические пока затели, математическая модель, aluminum production, resource specialization, pollution, health and demographic indicators, mathe matical model
Abstract
According to the resource specialization of Eastern Siberia the city of Shelekhov located in the extreme continental climate is considered as a model territory. The city is a large center of aluminum production where there is not only an aluminum smelter but related manufacturing facilities. Subjects of the research are the ambient air, drinking water, soil, medical and demographic indicators, human biological matrices. A mathematical model was used to identify the most significant contributions to morbidity factor variations. Priority contaminants in Shelekhov include 3,4-benzapyren, formaldehyde, fluorine compounds, suspended substances. The risk caused by inhalation exposure is estimated to be unacceptable level in terms of probable non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects. Chemical impurities found in soil near the aluminum manufacturing facilities indicate its contamination to a distance exceeding 50 km, where concentrations of fluorine, beryllium, aluminum, lead, nickel, manganese, chromium are higher than in the baseline points. The fluorine content in the soil cover is associated with its concentration in the ambient air. 32,5 % children and adolescents living in the vicinity of aluminum production have higher fluorine content in their hair than it is allowable. The concentration of fluorine in biological matrices is significantly increased in the older age groups. A contribution of controllable factors to the variation of children morbidity rate is as follows: provision of health care (19,0 % of the variability in incidence), air pollution (16,6 %), social conditions (37,6 %).
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