THE ROLE OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL STRESS IN LAKE BAIKAL LITTORAL (THE LISTVYANKA SETTLEMENT LAKESCAPE)
A. N. SUTURIN1,2, E. P. CHEBYKIN1,2,3, V. V. MALNIK2,2, I. V. KHANAEV1,2, A. V. MINAEV1,2, V. V. MINAEV1,2
1Irkutsk Scientific Center SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Lermontova str., 134, Russia
san@lin.irk.ru
2Limnological Institute SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Ulan-Batorskaya str., 3, Russia
cheb@lin.irk.ru
3Institute of Earth’s Crust SB RAS, 664033, Irkutsk, Lermontova str., 128, Russia
Keywords: экологический кризис, микробиологическое и геохимическое загрязнение, литораль, озеро Байкал, ecological crisis, microbiological and geochemical pollution, littoral, Lake Baikal
Abstract
Listvyanka settlement (Southern Baikal) was the first area to provide some evidences of ecological crisis on Lake Baikal. This is the most visited place on the lakeshore, with more than one million people coming to visit Listvyanka every year. However, there is practically no nature protection infrastructure in the settlement. Its ground waters are affected by anthropogenic influences to the largest extent. The electrical resistivity tomography method has revealed dimensions of the saturated groundwater flows coming from the littoral zone to discharge into the lake. The conducted integrated studies have revealed that chemical and microbiological pollution of the ground waters is higher versus that of the surface water flows, which shows an insignificant increase in the content of biogenic and potentially anthropogenic elements within a stretch from the outlet to the mouth. Subaquatic discharge of ground waters polluted by waste water from tourist infrastructure facilities occurs at depths of greater than 2 m, which is responsible for both ecological stress and catastrophic transformation of aquatic biocenosis in Lake Baikal.
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