Monitoring of greenhouse gases in peat deposits of swamps in Gornyi Altai
L.I. INISHEVA1, A.V. GOLOVCHENKO2, O.N. SMIRNOV1
1Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Tomsk, Russia
2M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: mountain swamps, Turochak district, peat deposit, gas regime, greenhouse gases
Abstract
Presented are the results from surveying the swamps in the Altai Republic at permanent stations from 2010 to 2014. At the observation stations located on the Turochak, Kutyushskoe and Balanak swamps, the hydrothermal and gas regimes, and also carbon dioxide and methane emissions were investigated. It is pointed out that during all years of investigation the levels of swamp water remained close to the surface, and the humidity did not fall beyond the limit 0.8 of total moisture capacity. It was found that the extreme values of CO2 and CH4 concentrations in the mesotrophic peat deposit varied from 0.05-1.10 mmol/dm3 to 0-0.62 mmol/dm3, respectively. In the eutrophic deposit, these values were higher: 0.07-1.40 for CO2 and 0-0.65 mmol/dm3 for CH4. It is established that different weather conditions are not the determining factor for the dynamics of gas regime in the peat deposit of eutrophic and mesotrophic genesis. A significant role is played by other, neglected factors. It was found that the concentration of greenhouse gases in peat deposits of a different genesis varied within small limits, and their dynamics under different weather conditions had an unstable regime, but with a general increasing trend toward the underlying rock. It was confirmed that mountain swamps are not a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. Extreme losses of CO2 and CH4 in total for the summer period were 29.7 to 76.6 g/(m2 summer period) on the Turochak swamp, and 42.1 to 80.9 g/(m2 summer period) on the Kutyushskoe swamp, which is by a factor of 15-43 smaller than the net primary production.
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