Home – Home – Jornals – Humanitarian sciences in Siberia 2022 number

This article deals with the establishment and development of the state education system in East-Siberian Governorate-General in the first half of the XIX century. Historiographic analysis reveals that the history of national education in Eastern Siberia of the mentioned period is poorly studied. The paper attempts to study comprehensively the system of public education in the Eastern Siberia in the first half of the XIX century based summarization of historical research and analysis of management documentation introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The study uses chronological, formal legal methods based on T. Parsons’ structural-functional approach. As a result of complex analysis, the author has determined that the state education establishment in Siberia began simultaneously with the general imperial system development in a period of Catherine II reforms in the late XVIII century. Main and small folk schools in Siberia were opened under the Charter of 1786. Further development of the system is associated with the reforms of Alexander I. Provincial gymnasiums, county and parish schools were established in the region. The author reveals that in East-Siberian Governorate-General established in 1822 a significant number of state educational institutions were concentrated in the Irkutsk Province. The parish schools were opened by the initiative of the public and held solely at public expense that affected their number. The great distance from the center led to the removal of educational institutions from the Imperial system of government and contributed to establishing a specific control system based on the subordination to visitators, civilian governors, and since 1841 - to the Governors-General. The author concludes that a predominantly state education with a special centralized form of control was established in Eastern Siberia, which ultimately slowed down its development.