Home – Home – Jornals – Geography and Natural Resources 2022 number 2

The prerequisites for sustainable development of urbanized territories are considered, which are determined by the atmospheric air quality governed by a combination of microclimatic differences and anthropogenic impact. The city of Ulan-Ude, located in the conditions of a valley-basin relief, was studied. To clarify the features in the microclimate of the city, calculations of the amounts of direct radiation on the slopes of the surrounding ridges were performed. Spatial differences in the formation of the ecological and climatic state of the air environment on the upper surfaces, bottoms of the valleys of the Uda and Selenga rivers, and slopes with many valleys of different orientations and planate surfaces are revealed. It is found that the ecosystem functions of the atmosphere of valley-basin territories, limited by the natural and climatic ability to self-purification, impose increased requirements on the volumes of anthropogenic load. It is shown that the decrease in emissions from stationary sources from 2010 to 2018 contributes to the positive dynamics of specific ecological and economic indicators (kg/1000 rubles). Furthermore, specific total emissions (kg/person) are growing, and the atmospheric pollution index remains high and very high due to an increase in emissions from mobile sources and an increase in the concentration of aggressive impurities. To improve the living conditions of the population and sustainable development of Ulan-Ude, it is important to reduce emissions from stationary and mobile sources, which implies improving the quality of fuel and the technical condition of vehicles and road infrastructure, and it is also advisable to transfer existing green zones to protected ones.