Home – Home – Jornals – Geography and Natural Resources 2022 number 2

Data of experimental studies on the influence of fires on the development of erosion processes in the mountain forests of Cisbaikalia are considered. The quantitative indicators of liquid and solid surface runoff formed on burns, depending on the steepness of the slopes and on the intensity and duration of the fires, are given. It is shown that the violation of the soil-protective plant and organogenic layer of soils on mountain slopes contributes to an intense development of sheet wash of fine-grained earth, which leads to a change in the direction and rate of soil formation under other conditions of the development of geochemical and biogeochemical processes. The water-physical and physico-chemical properties of soils are significantly transformed on burns, leading to a deterioration of their forest-growing properties. The morphological characteristics of pyrogenically transformed soils on the sites affected by fire of different intensity 5 to 8 years ago are given. In mountain conditions, during ground fires of high intensity, the processes of drift and redeposition of fine-grained earth on the slopes are observed, leading either to the formation of simple primitive profiles with thin horizons or to the formation of complex polycyclic profiles, often with buried (relict) horizons. Mathematical models are proposed, which describe the formation of liquid and solid surface runoff on the burns, depending on the main factors that determine this process. Pyrogenic destruction of forest ecosystems inevitably leads to the degradation of mountain soils, which take many decades to restore after ground fires.